Matacoan languages

Matacoan (also Mataguayan, Matákoan, Mataguayo, Mataco–Mataguayo, Matacoano, Matacoana) is a language family of northern Argentina, western Paraguay, and southeastern Bolivia.

Matákoan
Mataguayo
Geographic
distribution		Amazon
Linguistic classificationMataco–Guaicuru ?
  • Matákoan
Glottologmata1289

Family division

Matacoan consists of four clusters of languages. The family also has a clear binary split between Wichí-Chorote and Maká-Nivaclé according to Nikulin (2019).[1] Gordon (2005) in Ethnologue divides Wichí into three separate languages and Chorote into two languages.

Matacoan
  • Wichí-Chorote
  • Maká-Nivaclé
    • Nivaclé (also known as Chulupí–Ashlushlay, Chulupí, Ajlujlay, Alhulhai, Niwaklé, Niwaqli, Churupi, Chulupe. The name Chulupí is common but pejorative.)
      • Forest Nivaclé
      • River Nivaclé
    • Maká (also known as Macá, Maca, Towolhi, Toothle, Nynaka, Mak’á, Enimaca, Enimaga)
      • Ma’ká (also known as Towolhi)
      • Enimaga (also known as Enimaa, Kochaboth)

Mason (1950)

Internal classification by Mason (1950):[2]

Mataco-Maca
  • Mataco
    • Mataco-Mataguayo
      • Mataco
        • Guisnay
        • Nocten (Octenai)
      • Mataguayo
        • Northern: Hueshuo, Pesatupe, Abucheta
        • Southern: Vejoz
    • Chorotí-Ashluslay
      • Chorotí (Yofuaha)
      • Ashluslay (Chulupí, Chonopí, Sukin, Sotiagay, Tapieté)
  • Macá (Enimagá, Cochaboth, Guaná, Lengua)
    • Enimagá
      • Macá (Towothli, Toosle)
    • Guentusé
    • Cochaboth-Lengua

Vocabulary

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for the Matacoan languages.[3]

glossChorotiChoropíSuhínSotsiagayAshlusláyMatacoVejozNoctenGuisnaiEnimagaMakká
head séteksatíkshutichshatishnu-xletékliteketekoːn-sletákin-hitla
tooth sá-huehuetseːutetsauteseuténo-tsoténo-chetezotéoːs-totéʔikon-xeti
water inátnaːʔateinaatinaːatinátinótguaginatinátgualéiwalü
fire houatitoxitoxitoxitóxitóxitagütaxetáxfeitfat
sun kilénʔkokláihankuklaifünchokʔlaaifingoklaixuálaixualaixualaixuálatátlaxunnu
moon hueläxuéklahiuerklaxiweklahuelaihuäläiguelachigueläivaʔedlaxuwãl
star katéskatéskatésskatískatäskatésketesfoʔoteki
dog nóonuuːxniuʔuxniuʔuxníusidnóxsignagesinaxatsünánunnax
jaguar ayäyaáxyáoxyáʔoxiyoxhaiyüxyageyaxharóxkometenax
black lämiklímklimlimpalüxpelagpeláxfo

Proto-language

For a reconstruction of Proto-Mataguayo by Viegas Barros (2002),[4] see the corresponding Spanish article.

References
  1. Nikulin, Andrey V. 2019. The classification of the languages of the South American Lowlands: State-of-the-art and challenges / Классификация языков востока Южной Америки. Illič-Svityč (Nostratic) Seminar / Ностратический семинар, Higher School of Economics, October 17, 2019.
  2. Mason, John Alden (1950). "The languages of South America". In Steward, Julian (ed.). Handbook of South American Indians. 6. Washington, D.C., Government Printing Office: Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143. pp. 157–317.
  3. Loukotka, Čestmír (1968). Classification of South American Indian languages. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
  4. Viegas Barros, Pedro. 2002. Fonología del Proto-Mataguayo: Las fricativas dorsales. Mily Crevels, Simon van de Kerke, Sérgio Meira & Hein van der Voort (eds.), Current Studies on South American Languages [Indigenous Languages of Latin America, 3], p. 137-148. Leiden: Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies (CNWS).

Bibliography
  • Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press.
  • Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
  • Fabre, Alain (2005) Los Mataguayo (Online version: http://www.ling.fi/Entradas%20diccionario/Dic=Mataguayo.pdf)
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