Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm

"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" ('My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy'; IPA: [mu ˈisɑmɑː mu ˈɤnʲː jɑ ˈrɤːm]) is the national anthem of Estonia. It was adopted as the national anthem ((riigi)hümn) in 1920.

Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm
English: "My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy"
National anthem of  Estonia
LyricsJohann Voldemar Jannsen, 1869 (1869)
MusicFredrik (Friedrich) Pacius, 1848 (1848)
Adopted1920 (1920)
ReadoptedMay 1990 (1990-05)
RelinquishedJune 1940 (1940-06)
Preceded byAnthem of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic
Audio sample
"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" (instrumental, one verse)
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The lyrics were written by Johann Voldemar Jannsen and are set to a melody composed in 1848 by Fredrik (Friedrich) Pacius which is also that of the national anthem of Finland: "Maamme" (Swedish: "Vårt Land", which was the unofficial anthem of The Grand Duchy of Finland).[1] The only difference between the two anthems is the key signature they are in. It is also considered to be an ethnic anthem for Livonian people with text "Min izāmō, min sindimō" (English: "My Fatherland, my native land").

History

The song was first presented to the public as a choral work in the Grand Song Festival of Estonia in 1869 and quickly became a symbol of the Estonian National Awakening.

"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" was officially adopted as the national anthem of Estonia in 1920, after the Estonian War of Independence. In contrast, Finland never passed an equivalent legislation for "Maamme", thus it is considered to be the de facto Finnish national anthem.

In 1944, the Soviet Union occupied Estonia and "Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm" ended up being banned by the Soviet regime. The Soviet Estonia had its own regional anthem. Yet the people of Estonia could often hear their former national anthem as Finland's state broadcaster Yleisradio, whose radio and television broadcasts were received in northern Estonia, played an instrumental version of the Finnish national anthem, identical to this song (except for an additional repetition of the last verse in the Finnish version), at the conclusion of its broadcast every night.

Lyrics

Estonian lyrics

The official lyrics are in Estonian.

Estonian[2][3] Broad IPA transcription
First verse

Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm,
kui kaunis oled sa!
Ei leia mina iial teal
see suure, laia ilma peal,
mis mul nii armas oleks ka,
kui sa, mu isamaa!

/mu isɑmɑː mu ɤnʲː jɑ rɤːm/
/kui kɑunis oled sa/
/ei leiɑ minɑ iːɑl teɑl;
/seː suːre lɑiɑ ilmɑ peɑl/
/mis mul niː ɑrmɑs oleks ka/
/kui saː mu isɑmɑː/

Second verse

Sa oled mind ju sünnitand
ja üles kasvatand;
sind tänan mina alati
ja jään sull' truuiks surmani,
mul kõige armsam oled sa,
mu kallis isamaa!

/sɑ oled mind ju synːitɑnd/
/jɑ yles kɑsʋɑtɑnd/
/sind tænɑn minɑ ɑlɑti/
/jɑ jæːn sulʲ truːiks surmani/
/mul kɤige ɑrmsɑm oled sɑ/
/mu kɑlːis isɑmɑː/

Third verse

Su üle Jumal valvaku
mu armas isamaa!
Ta olgu sinu kaitseja
ja võtku rohkest õnnista,
mis iial ette võtad sa,
mu kallis isamaa!

/su yle jumɑl ʋɑlʋɑku/
/mu ɑrmɑs isɑmɑː/
/tɑ olgu sinu kɑitsejɑ/
/jɑ ʋɤtku rohkest ɤnːistɑ/
/mis iːɑl etːe ʋɤtɑd sɑ/
/mu kɑlːis isɑmɑː/

Notes

    References
    1. "Estonia - Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm". NationalAnthems.me. Retrieved 2011-11-21.
    2. "Riiklikud sümbolid". 13 April 2009. Archived from the original on 13 April 2009.
    3. "The President of the Republic of Estonia: National Symbols". 14 January 2006. Archived from the original on 14 January 2006.
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