Demographics of Uttar Pradesh

The demographics of Uttar Pradesh is a complex topic, which is undergoing dynamic change. Uttar Pradesh is India's most populous state. It has a population of about 199,812,341[1] as per the 2011 census. If it were a separate country, Uttar Pradesh would be the world's fifth most populous nation, next only to China, India, the United States of America and Indonesia. Uttar Pradesh has a population more than that of Pakistan.[2] There is an average population density of 828 persons per km² i.e. 2,146 per sq mi. The capital of Uttar Pradesh is Lucknow, and Allahabad serves as the state’s judicial capital. Hindus and Muslims both consider the state as a holy place.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Bind, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.[3] The Literacy rate of the state according to the 2011 Census is 70.69%. With the literacy rate for Males at 79.20%, while it is 59.30% for the Females. While this is still below the national average of 74.04% (82.14% for men, 65.16% for women) the rate of growth has been much higher in Uttar Pradesh as compared to the rest of India.

District

As of the 2011 census, Allahabad is the most populous district of Uttar Pradesh while Mahoba being the least populated. Only 3 districts of Jaunpur, Azamgarh and Deoria have a sex ratio greater than 1000 while Gautam Buddha Nagar stands lowest in the tally with a very low ratio of 851. On the contrary, Gautam Buddha Nagar scores highest in literacy rate at 80.12% and Kanpur Nagar 2nd at 79.54%, while both being the poorest districts in terms of sex-ratio, depicting a negative-correlation among literacy and sex-ratio in this case. Districts of Srawasti, Bahraich and Balrampur haven't even crossed the 50% literacy mark yet.

The following table enumerates population, sex-ratio and literacy rates for each district of Uttar Pradesh:

District-wise demographics of UP (2011 Census)[4]
District

Population

Sex ratio

Literacy rate

[lower-roman 1]

Male Female Total Male Female Total
Agra2,364,9532,053,8444,418,797 868 80.62%61.18%71.58%
Aligarh1,951,9961,721,8933,673,889 882 77.97%55.68%67.51%
Allahabad3,131,8072,822,5845,954,391 901 82.55%60.99%72.32%
Ambedkar Nagar1,212,4101,185,4782,397,888 978 81.66%62.66%72.23%
Auraiya740,040639,5051,379,545 864 86.11%70.61%78.95%
Azamgarh2,285,0042,328,9094,613,913 1,019 81.34%60.91%70.93%
Baghpat700,070602,9781,303,048 861 82.45%59.95%72.01%
Bahraich1,843,8841,643,8473,487,731 892 58.34%39.18%49.36%
Ballia1,672,9021,566,8723,239,774 937 81.49%59.75%70.94%
Balrampur1,114,7211,033,9442,148,665 928 59.73%38.43%49.51%
Banda965,876833,5341,799,410 863 77.78%53.67%66.67%
Bara Banki1,707,0731,553,6263,260,699 910 70.27%52.34%61.75%
Bareilly2,357,6652,090,6944,448,359 887 67.50%48.30%58.49%
Basti1,255,2721,209,1922,464,464 963 77.88%56.23%67.22%
Bijnor1,921,2151,761,4983,682,713 917 76.56%59.72%68.48%
Budaun1,967,7591,714,1373,681,896 871 60.98%40.09%51.29%
Bulandshahr1,845,2601,653,9113,499,171 896 80.93%55.57%68.88%
Chandauli1,017,905934,8511,952,756 918 81.72%60.35%71.48%
Chitrakoot527,721464,009991,730 879 75.80%52.74%65.05%
Deoria1,537,4361,563,5103,100,946 1,017 83.27%59.38%71.13%
Etah947,339827,1411,774,480 873 81.28%58.80%70.81%
Etawah845,856735,9541,581,810 870 86.06%69.61%78.41%
Faizabad1,259,6281,211,3682,470,996 962 78.12%59.03%68.73%
Farrukhabad1,006,240878,9641,885,204 874 77.40%59.44%69.04%
Fatehpur1,384,7221,248,0112,632,733 901 77.19%56.58%67.43%
Firozabad1,332,0461,166,1102,498,156 87580.82%61.75%71.92%
Gautam Buddha Nagar890,214757,9011,648,115 851 88.06%70.82%80.12%
Ghaziabad2,488,8342,192,8114,681,645 881 85.42%69.79%78.07%
Ghazipur1,855,0751,765,1933,620,268 952 82.80%60.29%71.78%
Gonda1,787,1461,646,7733,433,919 921 69.41%47.09%58.71%
Gorakhpur2,277,7772,163,1184,440,895 950 81.80%59.36%70.83%
Hamirpur593,537510,7481,104,285 861 79.76%55.95%68.77%
Hardoi2,191,4421,901,4034,092,845 868 74.39%53.19%64.57%
Jalaun906,092783,8821,689,974 865 83.48%62.46%73.75%
Jaunpur2,220,4652,273,7394,494,204 1,024 83.80%59.81%74%
Jhansi1,057,436941,1671,998,603 890 85.38%63.49%75.05%
Jyotiba Phule Nagar963,449876,7721,840,221 910 74.54%52.10%63.84%
Kannauj881,776774,8401,656,616 879 80.91%63.33%72.70%
Kanpur Dehat963,255832,9291,796,184 865 83.45%66.86%75.78%
Kanpur Nagar2,459,8062,121,4624,581,268 862 83.62%75.05%79.65%
Kanshiram Nagar764,165672,5541,436,719 880 71.56%49.00%61.02%
Kaushambi838,485761,1111,599,596 908 72.78%48.56%61.28%
Kheri2,123,1871,898,0564,021,243 894 69.57%50.42%60.56%
Kushinagar1,818,0551,746,4893,564,544 961 77.71%52.36%65.25%
Lalitpur641,011580,5811,221,592 906 74.98%50.84%63.52%
Lucknow2,394,4762,195,3624,589,838 917 82.56%71.54%77.29%
Mahamaya Nagar836,127728,5811,564,708 871 82.38%59.23%71.59%
Mahoba466,358409,600875,958 878 75.83%53.22%65.27%
Mahrajganj1,381,7541,302,9492,684,703 943 75.85%48.92%62.76%
Mainpuri993,377875,1521,868,529 881 84.53%66.30%75.99%
Mathura1,367,1251,180,0592,547,184 863 81.97%56.89%70.36%
Mau1,114,7091,091,2592,205,968 979 82.45%63.63%73.09%
Meerut1,825,7431,617,9463,443,689 886 80.74%63.98%72.84%
Mirzapur1,312,3021,184,6682,496,970 903 78.97%56.86%68.48%
Moradabad2,503,1862,268,8204,772,006 906 64.83%47.86%56.77%
Muzaffarnagar2,193,4341,950,0784,143,512 889 78.44%58.69%69.12%
Pilibhit1,072,002959,0052,031,007 895 71.70%50.00%61.47%
Pratapgarh1,606,0851,603,0563,209,141 998 81.88%58.45%70.09%
Rae Bareli1,752,5421,653,0173,405,559 943 77.63%56.29%67.25%
Rampur1,223,8891,111,9302,335,819 909 61.40%44.44%53.34%
Saharanpur1,834,1061,632,2763,466,382 890 78.28%61.74%70.49%
Sant Kabir Nagar869,656845,5271,715,183 972 78.39%54.80%66.72%
Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)807,099771,1141,578,213 955 81.47%56.03%68.97%
Shahjahanpur1,606,4031,400,1353,006,538 872 68.18%49.57%59.54%
Shrawasti593,897523,4641,117,361 881 57.16%34.78%46.74%
Siddharthnagar1,295,0951,264,2022,559,297 976 70.92%47.41%59.25%
Sitapur2,375,2642,108,7284,483,992 888 70.31%50.67%61.12%
Sonbhadra971,344891,2151,862,559 918 74.92%52.14%64.03%
Sultanpur1,914,5861,882,5313,797,117 983 80.19%58.28%69.27%
Unnao1,630,0871,478,2803,108,367 907 75.05%56.76%66.37%
Varanasi1,921,8571,754,9843,676,841 913 83.78%66.69%75.60%
Uttar Pradesh104,480,51095,331,831199,812,341 912 77.28%57.18%67.68%
  1. For Literacy rate, population aged 7 and above only is considered in India.

Rank of districts

Following rankings are as per Population Census 2011.[6]

By area
  1. Lakhimpur Kheri -8,780
  2. Sonbhadra - 6,999
  3. Hardoi - 5,986
  4. Bahraich - 5,745
  5. Sitapur - 5,743

By population
  1. Allahabad - 5,954,391
  2. Moradabad - 4,772,006
  3. Ghaziabad - 4,681,645
  4. Azamgarh - 4,613,913
  5. Lucknow - 4,589,838
  6. Kanpur Nagar - 4,581,268
  7. Jaunpur - 4,494,204
  8. Sitapur - 4,483,992
  9. Bareilly - 4,448,359
  10. Gorakhpur - 4,440,895

By population density
  1. Ghaziabad - 1995
  2. Varanasi - 1954
  3. Lucknow - 1456
  4. Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi) - 1409
  5. Kanpur Nagar - 1369

By literacy
  1. Gautam Budha Nagar(Noida) - 80.12%
  2. Kanpur Nagar - 79.65%
  3. Auraiya - 78.95%
  4. Etawah - 78.41%
  5. Ghaziabad - 78.07%

By sex ratio
  1. Jaunpur - 1024
  2. Azamgarh -1018
  3. Deoria - 1003
  4. Mau - 984
  5. Pratapgarh - 982
  6. Ambedkar Nagar- 978
  7. Faizabad - 972
  8. Sultanpur - 965
  9. Basti - 963
  10. Sant Kabir Nagar -960

Religion

In Uttar Pradesh the religion-wise percentage of population is Hindus 79.7, Muslims 19.3, Sikhs 0.3, Christians 0.2, Jains 0.1, Buddhists 0.1 while 0.3 of people have other religion or didn't state one.[6][7]

Religion in Uttar Pradesh
Religion2001[8]2011[9]
Hinduism133,979,263159,312,654
Islam30,740,15838,483,967
Sikhism678,059643,500
Christianity212,578356,448
Jainism207,111213,267
Buddhism302,031206,285
Other9,28113,598
Not statedn/a582,622
Total166,197,921199,812,341
Religion in Uttar Pradesh (%)
Religion2001[8]2011[8]
Hinduism80.6179.73
Islam18.4219.26
Sikhism0.410.32
Christianity0.130.18
Jainism0.120.11
Buddhism0.180.10
Other>0.01>0.01
Not statedn/a0.29
Religion-wise demographics of UP (2011 Census)[4]
Religion

Population

Sex ratio

Literacy rate

[lower-roman 1]

Male Female Total Male Female Total
Hindu 83,555,724 75,756,930 159,312,654 907 79.73% 58.61% 69.68%
Muslim 19,867,314 18,616,653 38,483,967 937 66.42% 50.59% 58.76%
Christian 182,838 173,610 356,448 950 79.44% 67.54% 73.63%
Sikh 341,451 302,049 643,500 885 84.91% 73.15% 79.35%
Buddhist 107,424 98,861 206,285 920 79.19% 57.07% 68.59%
Jain 110,994 102,273 213,267 921 95.81% 92.16% 94.05%
Other religions and persuasions 7,070 6,528 13,598 923 80.18% 61.30% 71.11%
Religion not stated 307,695 274,927 582,622 894 78.37% 60.84% 70.01%
Uttar Pradesh 104,480,510 95,331,831 199,812,341 912 77.28% 57.18% 67.68%
  1. For Literacy rate, population aged 7 and above only is considered in India.

District-wise religious population

Population count for each district (with percentages[lower-roman 1]) as per 2011 Census.[4]

District-wise religious population
District Buddhist Christian Hindu Jain Muslim Sikh Other religions Religion not stated District Population
Count%Count%Count%Count%Count%Count%Count%Count%
Agra4,0490.09%10,0760.23%3,922,71888.77%21,5080.49%411,3139.31%12,0570.27%3840.01%36,6920.83%4,418,797
Aligarh2,5820.07%7,6350.21%2,904,14079.05%2,8050.08%729,28319.85%5,8750.16%910.00%21,4780.58%3,673,889
Allahabad4,3910.07%13,7820.23%5,102,04185.69%2,2470.04%796,75613.38%4,3770.07%3050.01%30,4920.51%5,954,391
Ambedkar Nagar1,8170.08%2,5360.11%1,985,65482.81%2350.01%401,67816.75%8690.04%330.00%5,0660.21%2,397,888
Auraiya3320.02%1,0040.07%1,273,54692.32%2280.02%101,9637.39%3710.03%4440.03%1,6570.12%1,379,545
Azamgarh5,6520.12%3,8100.08%3,878,62684.06%1830.00%718,69215.58%7190.02%2260.00%6,0050.13%4,613,913
Baghpat1610.01%1,8400.14%917,47470.41%16,1391.24%364,58327.98%4830.04%250.00%2,3430.18%1,303,048
Bahraich2,7930.08%6,4000.18%2,291,89265.71%1,1770.03%1,169,33033.53%8,2120.24%380.00%7,8890.23%3,487,731
Ballia1,5950.05%4,4630.14%3,004,24092.73%2330.01%213,4406.59%8920.03%640.00%14,8470.46%3,239,774
Balrampur1,8660.09%3,2280.15%1,333,24262.05%1980.01%805,97537.51%9000.04%870.00%3,1690.15%2,148,665
Banda1680.01%1,3670.08%1,637,54991.00%9160.05%157,6128.76%2310.01%500.00%1,5170.08%1,799,410
Bara Banki1,5530.05%4,8570.15%2,505,44476.84%3,0160.09%737,10622.61%2,0900.06%2110.01%6,4220.20%3,260,699
Bareilly4,3710.10%14,8220.33%2,830,76863.64%9310.02%1,536,53434.54%28,1870.63%3390.01%32,4070.73%4,448,359
Basti9,7530.40%3,4930.14%2,082,97684.52%1070.00%364,51014.79%9000.04%990.00%2,6260.11%2,464,464
Bijnor1,7360.05%6,1840.17%2,032,08155.18%2,1340.06%1,585,21043.04%50,6241.37%410.00%4,7030.13%3,682,713
Budaun1,9590.05%6,3200.17%2,867,70777.89%6780.02%790,51521.47%1,1350.03%870.00%13,4950.37%3,681,896
Bulandshahr6690.02%4,0880.12%2,707,19577.37%1,5720.04%777,40722.22%2,7650.08%860.00%5,3890.15%3,499,171
Chandauli3400.02%2,1530.11%1,727,86988.48%1000.01%215,08111.01%1,3890.07%1,1750.06%4,6490.24%1,952,756
Chitrakoot1010.01%6930.07%955,37296.33%2850.03%34,5593.48%630.01%270.00%6300.06%991,730
Deoria1,1820.04%3,6260.12%2,730,95788.07%2090.01%358,53911.56%8180.03%1460.00%5,4690.18%3,100,946
Etah2,8870.16%2,4640.14%1,611,12690.79%5,6710.32%146,3468.25%7080.04%180.00%5,2600.30%1,774,480
Etawah1,7330.11%1,3620.09%1,457,89292.17%3,9170.25%113,9617.20%1,0450.07%940.01%1,8060.11%1,581,810
Faizabad7370.03%3,2250.13%2,094,27184.75%3580.01%365,80614.80%1,9120.08%1850.01%4,5020.18%2,470,996
Farrukhabad3,1610.17%3,1370.17%1,596,27884.67%4870.03%276,84614.69%3,1600.17%1000.01%2,0350.11%1,885,204
Fatehpur1720.01%2,2010.08%2,274,67486.40%1990.01%350,70013.32%4020.02%470.00%4,3380.16%2,632,733
Firozabad3,3950.14%3,3700.13%2,140,74585.69%19,0770.76%314,81212.60%1,8040.07%610.00%14,8920.60%2,498,156
Gautam Buddha Nagar8950.05%7,3660.45%1,394,02584.58%4,5180.27%215,50013.08%9,2610.56%910.01%16,4591.00%1,648,115
Ghaziabad3,4870.07%19,0260.41%3,414,42772.93%16,4120.35%1,186,77625.35%23,0010.49%2650.01%18,2510.39%4,681,645
Ghazipur3,1450.09%4,1810.12%3,233,79089.32%2130.01%368,15310.17%8100.02%1840.01%9,7920.27%3,620,268
Gonda6490.02%4,7350.14%2,739,07679.77%3380.01%678,61519.76%1,8930.06%570.00%8,5560.25%3,433,919
Gorakhpur2,8480.06%9,6620.22%4,009,03790.28%4600.01%403,8479.09%2,1230.05%2070.00%12,7110.29%4,440,895
Hamirpur740.01%8140.07%1,010,01491.46%410.00%91,2698.26%1960.02%2730.02%1,6040.15%1,104,285
Hardoi6,6710.16%5,8220.14%3,508,13185.71%4460.01%556,21913.59%5,6880.14%980.00%9,7700.24%4,092,845
Jalaun2,8750.17%1,1480.07%1,509,70889.33%2560.02%171,58110.15%4630.03%1450.01%3,7980.22%1,689,974
Jaunpur7,8980.18%4,9470.11%3,981,50288.59%3490.01%483,75010.76%1,2860.03%1140.00%14,3580.32%4,494,204
Jhansi1,2030.06%7,0500.35%1,823,93091.26%7,3280.37%147,8427.40%4,9510.25%3110.02%5,9880.30%1,998,603
Jyotiba Phule Nagar1890.01%5,9520.32%1,075,44058.44%5170.03%750,36840.78%5,2950.29%210.00%2,4390.13%1,840,221
Kannauj2,0330.12%1,2630.08%1,375,78883.05%6060.04%273,96716.54%5040.03%650.00%2,3900.14%1,656,616
Kanpur Dehat8190.05%1,3000.07%1,612,96889.80%1550.01%176,3279.82%4780.03%1030.01%4,0340.22%1,796,184
Kanpur Nagar2,7330.06%15,7510.34%3,792,17482.78%5,7100.12%720,66015.73%29,6760.65%5890.01%13,9750.31%4,581,268
Kanshiram Nagar3,9070.27%1,9690.14%1,211,42784.32%3130.02%213,82214.88%2,2800.16%720.01%2,9290.20%1,436,719
Kaushambi6870.04%2,2250.14%1,372,38185.80%5450.03%220,42313.78%5220.03%30.00%2,8100.18%1,599,596
Kheri18,4540.46%7,5020.19%3,078,26276.55%4870.01%807,60020.08%94,3882.35%2260.01%14,3240.36%4,021,243
Kushinagar4,6190.13%5,0060.14%2,928,46282.16%3830.01%620,24417.40%7670.02%1330.00%4,9300.14%3,564,544
Lalitpur690.01%1,3510.11%1,163,80495.27%20,3901.67%33,7242.76%1,0340.08%410.00%1,1790.10%1,221,592
Lucknow3,8770.08%20,4930.45%3,537,78777.08%4,9750.11%985,07021.46%23,8830.52%5040.01%13,2490.29%4,589,838
Mahamaya Nagar4240.03%1,3500.09%1,397,22589.30%1,2890.08%159,44810.19%5240.03%630.00%4,3850.28%1,564,708
Mahoba940.01%9650.11%815,14293.06%2340.03%57,4546.56%3890.04%1570.02%1,5230.17%875,958
Mahrajganj16,0300.60%3,5270.13%2,196,88481.83%2430.01%458,65017.08%1,3810.05%3380.01%7,6500.28%2,684,703
Mainpuri8,8140.47%1,7290.09%1,746,64993.48%4,1610.22%100,7235.39%4750.03%380.00%5,9400.32%1,868,529
Mathura8830.03%3,1790.12%2,310,77690.72%2,0560.08%216,9338.52%2,8720.11%1260.00%10,3590.41%2,547,184
Mau5640.03%2,1090.10%1,769,93780.23%1550.01%428,55519.43%3400.02%1290.01%4,1790.19%2,205,968
Meerut1,8550.05%10,5820.31%2,183,25563.40%18,5440.54%1,185,64334.43%24,9120.72%2360.01%18,6620.54%3,443,689
Mirzapur3410.01%2,3730.10%2,292,53491.81%7010.03%195,7657.84%1,1330.05%270.00%4,0960.16%2,496,970
Moradabad1,2600.03%13,1570.28%2,488,26552.14%2,4260.05%2,248,39247.12%7,5550.16%3820.01%10,5690.22%4,772,006
Muzaffarnagar1,5160.04%6,4950.16%2,382,91457.51%16,3450.39%1,711,45341.30%18,6010.45%600.00%6,1280.15%4,143,512
Pilibhit3600.02%3,5100.17%1,449,00771.34%1380.01%489,68624.11%84,7874.17%450.00%3,4740.17%2,031,007
Pratapgarh7,7950.24%3,9200.12%2,731,35185.11%7460.02%452,39414.10%1,4510.05%430.00%11,4410.36%3,209,141
Rae Bareli7220.02%3,6340.11%2,975,99887.39%3970.01%413,24312.13%2,4240.07%6020.02%8,5390.25%3,405,559
Rampur3840.02%9,2010.39%1,073,89045.97%1,3070.06%1,181,33750.57%65,3162.80%630.00%4,3210.18%2,335,819
Saharanpur1,9370.06%6,5230.19%1,966,89256.74%10,2080.29%1,454,05241.95%18,6270.54%1350.00%8,0080.23%3,466,382
Sant Kabir Nagar4,3930.26%1,7660.10%1,300,58675.83%950.01%404,41023.58%4470.03%350.00%3,4510.20%1,715,183
Sant Ravidas Nagar (Bhadohi)1,5620.10%1,3650.09%1,368,29186.70%1610.01%203,88712.92%1990.01%70.00%2,7410.17%1,578,213
Shahjahanpur2,3120.08%4,6300.15%2,412,59580.24%3010.01%527,58117.55%51,0901.70%840.00%7,9450.26%3,006,538
Shrawasti3230.03%1,4270.13%768,64368.79%680.01%343,98130.79%4070.04%560.01%2,4560.22%1,117,361
Siddharthnagar11,9640.47%3,0420.12%1,789,70469.93%1790.01%748,07329.23%6810.03%3560.01%5,2980.21%2,559,297
Sitapur2,6630.06%6,5790.15%3,555,45079.29%1,4100.03%893,72519.93%11,6110.26%790.00%12,4750.28%4,483,992
Sonbhadra1,7470.09%3,9630.21%1,738,76993.35%4870.03%103,5675.56%1,6490.09%1,9070.10%10,4700.56%1,862,559
Sultanpur9,9890.26%4,4530.12%3,119,59082.16%4260.01%650,26117.13%1,6290.04%3360.01%10,4330.27%3,797,117
Unnao9200.03%3,5740.11%2,732,01687.89%2400.01%363,45311.69%1,2040.04%310.00%6,9290.22%3,108,367
Varanasi1,1460.03%7,6960.21%3,107,68184.52%1,8980.05%546,98714.88%3,3090.09%2980.01%7,8260.21%3,676,841
STATE[lower-roman 2]206,2850.10%356,4480.18%159,312,65479.73%213,2670.11%38,483,96719.26%643,5000.32%13,5980.01%582,6220.29%199,812,341
  1. Percentages are calculated out of total population for respective district, depicting the share of a religion's population in that district.
  2. Percentages in 'STATE' are calculated out of total population of UP, depicting the share of each religion's population
Religion-wise percentage of UP (2011 Census)[4]
ReligionRuralUrbanTotal
Buddhist0.09%0.02%0.10%
Christian0.09%0.09%0.18%
Hindu70.80%9.00%79.80
Jain0.02%0.09%0.11%
Muslim10.64%8.59%19.23%
Other religions and persuasions0.00%0.00%0.01%
Religion not stated0.19%0.10%0.29%
Sikh0.22%0.11%0.32%
Grand Total77.73%22.27%100.00%

Literacy among women is quite low, going as low as 50.59% in Muslim community. On the contrary, the Jain community with quite high literacy rates, for both males and females as well. Also noteworthy is that Sikh and Hindu communities have very poor sex-ratios.

Caste

As per 2011 census, Dalits constitute 21.1% of Uttar Pradesh population.[10][11][12] Mallah community is divided in 27 sub-castes. Other Backward Classes (OBCs) constitute 40% of Uttar Pradesh’s population.[13][14][15][16] Yadavs form the single largest group amongst the OBCs, with around 20% population.[17] There are 200-odd OBCs in U.P. In Uttar Pradesh, Muslims are divided into 68 castes and sub-castes, 35 of them are OBCs. Forward castes constitute around 18–20% of Uttar Pradesh population,[18][19] in which Brahmins are about 12%[20] and Thakurs are 7–8%.[20] For accurate caste population data in India, Government of India has not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 caste population data for every single non-SC/ST castes (General castes, OBC/EBCs) in India.[21][22][23][24][25]

Castes of Uttar Pradesh[26][27][28][29][30]
CastePopulation (%)
OBC 40%
Dalits(SCs) 20.8%
Tribals(STs) 0.1%
Forward caste 23%
Muslims 19%
Others 0.9%

Racial and ancestral makeup

Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with a population of over 199.5 million people on 1 March 2011. It is more populated than the world's 242 countries. If independent it would be the 6th largest country in the world as per Population.

At the 2011 census of India, 79.7% of Uttar Pradesh population is Hindu. Muslims make up 19.3% of the population, most of whom are Rohillas, a clan of ethnic Pathans. The remaining population consists of Sikhs, Buddhists, Christians and Jains.

The population of Uttar Pradesh is divided into numerous castes and sub-castes. Historically, Hindu society is divided into four sub-divisions or varnas, the Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras. Muslims are also divided as the Shias and Sunnis. In actual practice, Hindu society in generally used to be divided into numerous lineage groups called jatis. Each jati is then sub-divided into clans, called gotras.

The peripheral regions of Uttar Pradesh, are home to a number of tribal communities such as Agaria, Baiga, Bhar, Bhoksa, Chero, Gond, Kol and Korwa. Five of these tribal communities have been recognised by the Government of India as disadvantaged scheduled tribes, viz. Tharus, Boksas, Bhotias, Jaunswaris and Rajis.[3]

Languages
Green = Brij or Harit Pradesh, Yellow = Awadh, Blue = Bundelkhand, Purple = Purvanchal, White = Baghelkhand

Most people in Uttar Pradesh speak Hindustani, which in a literate form is referred to as Hindi and Urdu.

In addition, the people of Uttar Pradesh speak a variety of local dialects of Hindi, which are not always easy to classify or identify. E.g., the language of Allahabad is often classified today as Awadhi, but, its actually a mix of several surrounding dialects, including Awadhi and Bundelkhandi. Most Allahabadis refer to their dialect as Allahabadi. Furthermore, in neighbouring Banda, the dialect is exactly the same, but, they refer to it as Bundelkhandi.

It's said that in India, the dialects change every 50-mile, and its particularly true of Uttar Pradesh.

The dialect map of Uttar Pradesh is complex, but, in general, in three of the five sub regions of UP, viz, the Doab, Rohilkhand, and Bundelkhand, both Western and Eastern Hindi, as well as a mixture of the two are spoken. E.g., in Upper and parts of lower Doab (till Etawah), various forms of western Hindi are spoken, including Khari boli and Brij Bhasha. In the rest of lower Doab, various mixes of western and Eastern Hindi (Brij Bhasha/ Bundelkhandi and Awadhi) are spoken). Likewise, in Western Bundelkhand, Bundeli (a language closely related with Brij Bhasha) is spoken, while in Eastern Bundelkhand the dialect is still called 'Bundeli' but is part of Eastern Hindi (actually a mixture of Western and Eastern Hindi). In Western Rohilkhand, Khari boli is spoken. in Central Rohilkhand a mix of Awadhi and Khari boli is spoken, while in Eastern Rohilkhand, Awadhi is the dialect.

In the other two sub-regions of UP, viz., Awadh and Purvanchal too, there exist a wide variation in the dialects spoken. Awadhi is the main dialect in the Awadh sub-region of Uttar Pradesh. But, its form changes from west to east. In western Purvanchal, Eastern Hindi (Awadhi) is spoken, while in districts adjoining Bihar, Bhojpuri, also known as Bihari language is spoken. In southern Purvanchal, Baghelkhandi (a form of Eastern Hindi) is the predominant dialect.

As mentioned earlier, often these dialects merge into each other, for example in Shahjahanpur, in Rohilkhand, Khari boli merges into Awadhi.[31]

Likewise, older districts of Basti, Jaunpur, and western Mirzapur in Purvanchal and Shahjehanpur, Pilbhit, Eastern Badayun and Eastern Farrukhabad in central UP are Awadhi speaking.

Uttar Pradesh: mother-tongue of population, according to the 2011 Census.[32]
Mother tongue code Mother tongue People Percentage
001002Assamese 10,288 0.01%
002007Bengali 240,966 0.12%
005018Gujarati 11,938 0.01%
006030Awadhi 3,801,743 1.90%
006102Bhojpuri 21,844,783 10.93%
006123Brajbhasha 713,572 0.36%
006125Bundeli/Bundel khandi 1,303,940 0.65%
006142Chhattisgarhi 12,308 0.01%
006195Garhwali 22,914 0.01%
006235Haryanvi 16,166 0.01%
006240Hindi 160,159,977 80.16%
006311Khari Boli (Kauravi) 16,355 0.01%
006340Kumauni 11,059 0.01%
006489Rajasthani 13,382 0.01%
010008Maithili 16,989 0.01%
011016Malayalam 24,338 0.01%
013071Marathi 24,115 0.01%
014011Nepali 18,734 0.01%
015043Odia 24,071 0.01%
016038Punjabi 508,599 0.25%
019014Sindhi 28,937 0.01%
020027Tamil 14,426 0.01%
021046Telugu 13,918 0.01%
022015Urdu 10,793,391 5.40%
022016Bhansari 20,993 0.01%
040001English 13,085 0.01%
N.A.Others 131,354 0.07%
Total 199,812,341 100.00%

See also

References
  1. ORGI. "Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  2. "North India and south Pakistan". 23 March 2012.
  3. People of India Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII edited by A Hasan & J C Das, Manohar Publications
  4. "Religion PCA - State wise".
  5. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 April 2011. Retrieved 2011-04-07.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. "List of districts of Uttar Pradesh".
  7. C1 - Population by religious community, Uttar Pradesh. Census India 2017. Retrieved 14 February 2018.
  8. "Total population by religious communities". Censusindia.gov.in. Archived from the original on 19 January 2008. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  9. "Indian Census 2011". Census Department, Government of India. Archived from the original on 13 September 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  10. Shailvee Sharda. "Job better than aid, say UP dalits". The Times of India. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  11. "UP polls: Why is BJP hesitating in announcing its CM candidate?". Indiatvnews.com. 16 June 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  12. "Half of India's dalit population lives in 4 states". The Times of India.
  13. "UP has the highest OBC population in all Indian states".
  14. "Why smaller castes could hold the key to power in 2017 UP Assembly polls". 29 December 2016.
  15. "Survey puts OBC population at 40 pc". 3 September 2007.
  16. "OBC population in UP stands at 7 crore".
  17. "UP ke votebank".
  18. "Why the most backward castes are crucial for BJP's sandwich alliance to succeed in Uttar Pradesh".
  19. "Uttar Pradesh polls: BSP, SP and BJP leaving no stone to come up trumps".
  20. Hebbar, Nistula (3 May 2019). "BJP striving to please Rajputs and Brahmins". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 3 June 2019.
  21. "'Centre not releasing caste census data because it doesn't want to face Mandal II'". Thehindubusinessline.com. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  22. "Centre releases census data on religion, hides caste figures". Dnaindia.com. 26 August 2015. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  23. "Before releasing caste numbers, the government needs to account for discrepancies in data". Scroll.in. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  24. "Why Is Modi Govt. Hiding Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 Data?". Youthkiawaaz.com. March 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  25. "Caste-based Census data should be made public, demand Bihar CM Nitish Kumar". The Hindu. 24 June 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2016.
  26. "How BJP is changing the caste arithmetic in Uttar Pradesh | Latest News & Updates at Daily News & Analysis". Dnaindia.com. 1 May 2014. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  27. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 2016-02-15.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  28. "UP govt declares holiday on Maharana Pratap Jayanti to 'woo' Thakur voters". English.pradesh18.com. 8 May 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  29. "Brahmins population in India".
  30. "Uttar Pradesh Assembly Elections 2017 | Indian National Congress | AAP | BJP | NDA | Samajwadi Party | Candidates List | Opinion Poll | Exit Poll | Election News Malayalam". Manoramaonline.com. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 8 March 2017.
  31. People of India: Uttar Pradesh Volume XLII Part One edited by A Hasan & J C Das pages 21 to 23 Manohar Publications
  32. C-16 Population By Mother Tongue – Uttar Pradesh (Report). Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 15 July 2020.
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