List of towns and villages depopulated during the 1948 Palestinian exodus
Around 400 Arab towns and villages were depopulated during the 1948 Palestinian exodus. Some places were entirely destroyed and left uninhabitable;[1][2] others were left with a few hundred residents and were repopulated by Jewish immigrants, then renamed.
Those areas that became a part of Israel and had at least a partial Arab population consisted of approximately 100 villages and two towns. Arabs remained in small numbers in some of the cities (Haifa, Jaffa and Acre); and Jerusalem was divided between Jordan and Israel. Around 30,000 Palestinians remained in Jerusalem in what became the Arab part of it (East Jerusalem). In addition, some 30,000 non-Jewish refugees relocated to East Jerusalem, while 5,000 Jewish refugees moved from the Old City to West Jerusalem on the Israeli side. An overwhelming number of the Arab residents, and other non-Jews such as Greeks and Armenians, who had lived in the cities that became a part of Israel and were renamed (Acre, Haifa, Safad, Tiberias, Ashkelon, Beersheba, Jaffa and Beisan) fled or were expelled. Most of the Palestinians who remain there are internally displaced people from the villages nearby.[3]
There are more than 120 "village memorial books" documenting the history of the depopulated Palestinian villages. These books are based on accounts given by villagers. Rochelle A. Davis has described the authors as seeking "to pass on information about their villages and their values to coming generations".[4]
The towns and villages listed below are arranged according to the subdistricts of Mandatory Palestine they were situated in.
Table
Towns and cities
1948 Palestinian exodus |
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Villages
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Acre Subdistrict
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Beersheba Subdistrict
- al-Imara
- al-Jammama
- al-Khalasa
- Beersheba, military assault, expulsions, 20 October 1948
- Umm al-Rashrash
Beisan Subdistrict
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- The well at al-Khalasa, 1900–26
- Israeli troops in Beersheba, 20 October 1948
Gaza Subdistrict
- Al-Faluja, 28 February 1949
Haifa Subdistrict
Hebron Subdistrict
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- Bayt Jibrin, 2005
Jaffa Subdistrict
- Yazur, 2008
Jerusalem Subdistrict
- Deir Yassin, now part of the Kfar Shaul Mental Health Center
Nazareth Subdistrict
Ramle Subdistrict
Safad Subdistrict
- Safad, 1908
Tiberias Subdistrict
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See also
- Causes of the 1948 Palestinian exodus
- Transfer Committee
- Plan Dalet
- Palestine refugee camps
- 1948 Palestinian exodus from Lydda and Ramle
- List of villages depopulated during the Arab–Israeli conflict
- Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
- Syrian towns and villages depopulated in the Arab–Israeli conflict
- Killings and massacres during the 1948 Palestine war
- List of battles and operations in the 1948 Palestine war
Notes
- Benny Morris (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. p. 342. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
About 400 villages and towns were depopulated in the course of the war and its immediate aftermath. By mid-1949, the majority of these sites were either completely or partly in ruins and uninhabitable.
- Naseer Aruri (20 July 2001). Palestinian Refugees: The Right of Return. Pluto Press. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-7453-1777-9. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
Of the 418 depopulated villages, 293 (70%) were totally destroyed and 90 (22%) were largely destroyed. Seven survived, including 'Ayn Karim (west of Jerusalem), but were taken by Israeli settlers.
- Davis, 2011, pp. 237-238
- Davis, 2011, p. Preface - xvii
- Abu Sitta 2006, pp. 108–115.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 235
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #75
- Khalidi, 1992, pp. 166, 188
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #8.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 198.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 100
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 97
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 154
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, Settlement #92.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, Settlement #91.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 3
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 2
- Dear Prince William, if you have to go, make it count, Robert Cohen, March 10, 2018, Mondoweiss
- יישוב למפוני גוש קטיף נבנה על שרידי כפר פלסטיני Haaretz, 21 June 2013
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement # 144
- Khalidi, 1992, p.538
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 253
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #113
- Morris, 2004, p. XXII, settlement #119.
- Khalidi, 1992, pp. 8-9
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #153, in 1949-50.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #184, in 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.248.
- Volynsky and Arbel, 2015, Or Yehuda
- Morris, 2004, p.xxi, settlement #65, 1949-1950
- Khalidi, 1992, p.87
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #6.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 92
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 360
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #166
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi: settlement #50, January 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 82
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #28.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 277.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 366
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 13
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #182
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 102
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 565
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #118
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 212
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 533
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 283
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 108
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 407
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #84
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 560
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 379
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 395
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 408
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #85.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 323
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 363
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 455
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 421: part of it occupies the former palatial home of Abu Umar Effendi
- Traces of poison, Salman Abu-Sitta, 5 March 2003, Al-Ahram
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #99
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #100
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 387
- Khalidi, 1992, p.19.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #30
- Morris, 2004; p. xx, settlement #9
- Morris, 2004; p. xxii, settlement #186
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #117
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 200
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 400
- Khalidi 1992, p. 10.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #47, January 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 403
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 384
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 119
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 129
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 136
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 418
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii: settlement #106, 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 193.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 517
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 15
- In 1950, according to Khalidi, 1992, p.114
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi: settlement #60, 1949.
- In 1949, according to Khalidi, 1992, p.114
- Khalidi, 1992, pp. 404-5
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #76
- Khalidi, 1992, p117.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.240.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.226.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 118
- Morris, 2004, p xxii, settlement # 98
- Khalidi, 1992, p.399.
- Jakoel, 2017, Elʽad
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #120
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 30
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, Settlement #51, established January 1949.
- Benvenisti, 2000, p. 319
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 258
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, Settlement #161, established 1949-50.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.492
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 510
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #45, January 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 22
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 413
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 116
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 133
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 482
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #154
- Khalidi, 1992, p.34.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 135
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 101
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 185
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #162.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.137.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 486
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, Settlement #49, established January 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 491
- Established in 1979. Khalidi, 1992, p. 491
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 131
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 558
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 507
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 145
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 103
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 23
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 35
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 26
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #53. January 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 31
- Khalidi, 1992, p.181
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 553
- Dear Prince William, if you have to go, make it count, Robert Cohen, March 10, 2018, Mondoweiss
- Khalidi, 1991, p. 282
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #160
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 461
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #12.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 347
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 122
- Khalidi, 1992, p.109
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 441
- Morris, 2004, p. XXII, Settlement #123, established 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 151
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 189
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 174
- Founded in 1951 on village land, to the south of the village. In Khalidi, 1992, p. 128
- Founded in 1957 on village land, to the northeast. In Khalidi, 1992, p. 128
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 312
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 488
- Morris 2008, p. 78.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #32.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi village 52
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 28
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 203
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #131. Settlement date uncertain, according to Morris, but possibly 1949 (re-established 1953)
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 446
- Khalidi, 1992, p.252
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #97, in 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p127.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi: settlement #33, October 1948.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 365
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 220
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 275
- also known as Masmiya Shalom. Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #72, established in 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 126
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 58
- Khalidi, 1992, p.942.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 370
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 410
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, Settlement #87, established 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 357
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #26.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 362
- Khalidi, 1992, p.120.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.17
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 529
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #179, 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 199
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 371
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 378
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #23.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 550.
- Dear Prince William, if you have to go, make it count, Robert Cohen, March 10, 2018, Mondoweiss
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 266
- Khalidi, 1992, p.57.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 287
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 298
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #11.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 374
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi settlement #73
- Petersen, 2001, p. 287
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #77
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #130
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 487
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 539
- Khalidi, 1992, pp. 17-18
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 443
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, Settlement #135, established 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 471
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 474
- Khalidi, 1992, p.269.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, Settlement #121.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.170
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 314
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 47
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 566
- Khalidi, 1992, p.144.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 364
- Morris, 2004, p.xxi, settlement #34, October 1948
- Khalidi, 1992, p.239.
- Morris, 2004, p. xvii, settlement #159
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 540
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #143
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #4.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.158.
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #37
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 299
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 321
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 557
- Khalidi, 1992, p.64
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 280
- Close by, but on land traditionally belonging to Abu Ghosh, according to Khalidi, 1992, p. 290
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 54
- Morris, 2004, p. xix, settlement #78. 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 59
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #80. 1949
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement # 126, 1949
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 452
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 547
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 398
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #13.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 475
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 6
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 243
- Mann, 2006, p. 246.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 91
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 67
- Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #25.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 63.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.123.
- Khalidi, 1992, p.41
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 561
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 224
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 434
- Khalidi, 1992, p494.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 168
- Morris, 2004, p. xxii, settlement #128
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 157
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #15, July, 1948. Moved to the land of Qannir in 1949.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 56
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 415
- Khalidi, 1992, p.311
- Morris, 2004, p. xx, settlement #14.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 419
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 74
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 504
- Khalidi, 1992, p.552
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 284
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 161
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 24.
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 435
- Khalidi, 1992, pp. 154-155
- Khalidi, 1992, p.333
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 176
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 191
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 32
- Khalidi, 1992, p. 567
- Khalidi 1992, p.562.
- Morris 2004, p. xv
- Morris 2004, p. 423, p. 514, p. 536
- Morris, 2004, p.177.
- Shavit 2004.
- Morris 2004, p. 500.
References
- Abu Sitta, Salman (2006). "Map and Grab". Journal of Palestine Studies. XXXV (2): 101–102. ISSN 0377-919X.
- Morris, Benny (2008). 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12696-9. See in particular pp. xiv–xviii, where Morris lists 389 Palestinian villages depopulated by massacres, expulsions, military assault, or flight.
- Morris, Benny. 1948: The First Arab–Israeli War. Yale University Press, 2008.
- Khalidi, Walid (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 978-0-88728-224-9.
- Shavit, Ari. Deir Yasian: Survival of the Fittest, interview with Benny Morris, Haaretz, January 9, 2004.
- Davis, Rochelle A. (2011). Palestinian Village Histories: Geographies of the Displaced. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. ISBN 978-0-8047-7312-6.
- Mann, Barbara E. (2006). A Place in History: Modernism, Tel Aviv, and the Creation of Jewish Urban Space. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8047-5019-6. ISBN 0-8047-5019-X.