List of appointed United States senators

This page lists all appointed United States senators since the 1913 ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which established the direct election of senators, as well as means of filling vacant Senate seats.[1]

Text of the Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures.

When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of such State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided, That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct.

This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.[1]

Gubernatorial appointment governing Senate vacancies

Laws per state for filling vacancies in the U.S. Senate
  Filled by gubernatorial appointment until next statewide election
  Filled by gubernatorial appointment until next statewide election, requires appointee from same party as the previous incumbent
  Filled by gubernatorial appointment, followed by proximate special election
  No gubernatorial appointments, filled by proximate special election

Filling vacancies by special election

The following 5 states require Senate vacancies to be filled only by elections and do not allow state governors to fill them through appointments.[2]

Filling vacancies by gubernatorial appointment followed by a proximate special election

The following 9 states allow state governors to fill Senate vacancies through appointments. However, a special election must be held within a few months of the vacancy.[2]

Filling vacancies by gubernatorial appointment through the next election

The following 36 states allow state governors to fill Senate vacancies through appointments. An appointed senator may serve out the balance of the term or until the next statewide general election.[2]

  1. Requires the governor to appoint a replacement senator from the same party as the previous incumbent.
  2. Requires the governor to select a candidate from a list of three prospective appointees submitted by the political party of the previous incumbent.

Appointments of senators-elect to the Senate

In the past, retiring or defeated senators often resigned after the general election but before the expiration of their term due to various reasons.

One of the common reason was to allow state governors to appoint their successors to the vacated seat. This enabled their successors to gain extra seniority over other freshmen senators for the purposes of obtaining choice committee assignments. This practice ended in 1980 after both parties established new party rules that no longer gave seniority to senators who entered Congress early by being appointed to fill the vacancy just before the end of a Congress. Seniority still counted in obtaining choice of office and parking space assignments.[3][4]

In the election years of 1966, 1974 and 1978, changes to pension laws made it advantageous for senators to resign before December 31, rather than wait until their term expired in early January, contributing to the increase in the number of appointed senators.[5]

In addition, 3 senators died after the election of their successors, allowing their successors to be appointed and take office early.[6]

Number of appointed senators since the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment

There have been a total of 241 senators appointed to the United States Senate since the 1913 ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, including 199 appointments made before the next scheduled or special election and 42 appointments made of senators-elect who have already been elected to the seat.

Number of appointed senators by state
State Appointment made Total
Before election After election
Alabama 6 1 7
Alaska 2 0 2
Arizona 2 0 2
Arkansas 3 0 3
California 6 4 10
Colorado 4 0 4
Connecticut 3 0 3
Delaware 3 1 4
Florida 4 2 6
Georgia 6 0 6
Hawaii 2 0 2
Idaho 6 1 7
Illinois 3 0 3
Indiana 4 0 4
Iowa 2 0 2
Kansas 4 1 5
Kentucky 8 2 10
Louisiana 4 1 5
Maine 1 0 1
Maryland 0 0 0
Massachusetts 5 1 6
Michigan 4 0 4
Minnesota 7 1 8
Mississippi 3 1 4
Missouri 5 3 8
Montana 3 1 4
Nebraska 5 2 7
Nevada 5 1 6
New Hampshire 5 2 7
New Jersey 8 1 9
New Mexico 5 0 5
New York 3 0 3
North Carolina 7 0 7
North Dakota 4 1 5
Ohio 5 3 8
Oklahoma 1 0 1
Oregon 4 1 5
Pennsylvania 5 0 5
Rhode Island 2 1 3
South Carolina 8 1 9
South Dakota 3 1 4
Tennessee 5 0 5
Texas 4 1 5
Utah 0 1 1
Vermont 5 0 5
Virginia 4 2 6
Washington 3 3 6
West Virginia 4 0 4
Wisconsin 0 0 0
Wyoming 5 1 6
Total 199 42 241

List of individuals appointed to the Senate

The following is a list of individuals appointed to the Senate preceding an election. Only appointments made after the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, which established the direct election of senators, are included. The Senate Historical Office does not maintain records of senators who were appointed before the passage of the Seventeenth Amendment.[7]

For a list of senators-elect appointed to the Senate after being elected, see List of senators-elect appointed to the Senate.

Key

Democratic Party Republican Party North Dakota Nonpartisan League Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party Independence Party of Minnesota
Current serving
State (Class) Appointee[7] Tenure of appointee serving within the unexpired term[note 1] Electoral history of appointee Appointed by Original senator Ref.
Term start[note 2] Term end Tenure Immediate election following appointment Elections won
Georgia
(Class 2)
William Stanley West (D) March 2, 1914 November 3, 1914 246 days Did not seek election. John M. Slaton (D) Augustus Octavius Bacon (D) [8]
Kentucky
(Class 3)
Johnson N. Camden Jr. (D) June 16, 1914 March 3, 1915 260 days Elected in the 1914 special election. 1914 (Special) James B. McCreary (D) William O'Connell Bradley (R) [9]
Indiana
(Class 3)
Thomas Taggart (D) March 20, 1916 November 7, 1916 232 days Defeated in the 1916 special election. Samuel M. Ralston (D) Benjamin F. Shively (D) [10]
Oregon
(Class 2)
Charles L. McNary (R) May 29, 1917 November 5, 1918 1 year, 160 days Did not run in the 1918 special election
but was elected in the 1918 election held on the same day.
1918
1924
1930
1936
1942
James Withycombe (R) Harry Lane (D) [11]
Nevada
(Class 3)
Charles Henderson (D) January 12, 1918 March 3, 1921 3 years, 50 days Elected in the 1918 special election. 1918 (Special) Emmet D. Boyle (D) Francis G. Newlands (D) [12]
Idaho
(Class 3)
John F. Nugent (D) January 22, 1918 January 14, 1921 2 years, 358 days Elected in the 1918 special election. 1918 (Special) Moses Alexander (D) James H. Brady (R) [13]
New Jersey
(Class 2)
David Baird Sr. (R) February 23, 1918 March 3, 1919 1 year, 8 days Elected in the 1918 special election. 1918 (Special) Walter Evans Edge (R) William Hughes (D) [14]
Louisiana
(Class 3)
Walter Guion (D) April 22, 1918 November 5, 1918 197 days Did not seek election. Ruffin Pleasant (D) Robert F. Broussard (D) [15]
Missouri
(Class 3)
Xenophon P. Wilfley (D) April 30, 1918 November 5, 1918 189 days Lost nomination to run in the 1918 special election. Frederick D. Gardner (D) William J. Stone (D) [16]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Christie Benet (D) July 6, 1918 November 5, 1918 122 days Lost nomination to run in the 1918 special election. Richard Irvine Manning III (D) Benjamin Tillman (D) [17]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)
Irving W. Drew (R) September 2, 1918 November 5, 1918 64 days Did not seek election. Henry W. Keyes (R) Jacob Harold Gallinger (R) [18]
Kentucky
(Class 2)
George B. Martin (D) September 7, 1918 March 3, 1919 177 days Did not seek election. Augustus Owsley Stanley (D) Ollie Murray James (D) [19]
Virginia
(Class 2)
Carter Glass (D) February 2, 1920 March 3, 1925 5 years, 29 days Elected in the 1920 special election. 1920 (Special)
1924
1930
1936
1942
Westmoreland Davis (D) Thomas S. Martin (D) [20]
Alabama
(Class 2)
B. B. Comer (D) March 5, 1920 November 2, 1920 242 days Did not seek election. Thomas Kilby (D) John H. Bankhead (D) [21]
New Mexico
(Class 2)
Holm O. Bursum (R) March 11, 1921 March 3, 1925 3 years, 357 days Elected in the 1921 special election. 1921 (Special) Merritt C. Mechem (R) Albert B. Fall (R) [22]
Delaware
(Class 1)
T. Coleman du Pont (R) July 7, 1921 November 7, 1922 1 year, 123 days Defeated in the 1922 special election. 1924 William D. Denney (R) Josiah O. Wolcott (D) [23]
Pennsylvania
(Class 1)
William E. Crow (R) October 24, 1921 August 2, 1922 282 days Died in office. William Cameron Sproul (R) Philander C. Knox (R) [24]
Pennsylvania
(Class 3)
George W. Pepper (R) January 9, 1922 March 3, 1927 5 years, 53 days Elected in the 1922 special election. 1922 (Special) William Cameron Sproul (R) Boies Penrose (R) [25]
Iowa
(Class 2)
Charles A. Rawson (R) February 24, 1922 November 7, 1922 256 days Did not seek election. Nathan E. Kendall (R) William S. Kenyon (R) [26]
Pennsylvania
(Class 1)
David A. Reed (R) August 8, 1922 March 3, 1923 207 days Elected in the 1922 special election. 1922 (Special)
1922
1928
William Cameron Sproul (R) William E. Crow (R)[note 3] [27]
Georgia
(Class 3)
Rebecca Latimer Felton (D) October 3, 1922 November 22, 1922 50 days Did not seek election. Thomas W. Hardwick (D) Thomas E. Watson (D) [28]
Michigan
(Class 2)
James J. Couzens (R) November 29, 1922 March 3, 1925 2 years, 94 days Elected in the 1924 election. 1924
1930
Alex J. Groesbeck (R) Truman Handy Newberry (R) [29]
Colorado
(Class 3)
Alva B. Adams (D) May 17, 1923 November 30, 1924 1 year, 197 days Did not run in the 1924 special election
and was defeated in the 1924 election.
1932
1938
William Ellery Sweet (D) Samuel D. Nicholson (R) [30]
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
William M. Butler (R) November 13, 1924 December 6, 1926 2 years, 23 days Defeated in the 1926 special election. Channing H. Cox (R) Henry Cabot Lodge (R) [31]
Missouri
(Class 3)
George Howard Williams (R) May 25, 1925 December 5, 1926 1 year, 194 days Defeated in the 1926 special election. Sam Aaron Baker (R) Selden P. Spencer (R) [32]
Indiana
(Class 1)
Arthur Raymond Robinson (R) October 20, 1925 March 3, 1929 3 years, 134 days Elected in the 1926 special election. 1926 (Special)
1928
Edward L. Jackson (R) Samuel M. Ralston (D) [33]
North Dakota
(Class 3)
Gerald Nye (R) November 14, 1925 March 3, 1927 1 year, 109 days Elected in the 1926 special election. 1926 (Special)
1926
1932
1938
Arthur G. Sorlie (NPL) Edwin F. Ladd (R) [34]
Iowa
(Class 3)
David W. Stewart (R) August 7, 1926 March 3, 1927 208 days Elected in the 1926 special election. 1926 (Special) John Hammill (R) Albert B. Cummins (R) [35]
New Mexico
(Class 1)
Bronson M. Cutting (R) December 29, 1927 December 6, 1928 343 days Did not run in the 1928 special election
but was elected in the 1928 election held on the same day.
1928
1934
Richard C. Dillon (R) Andrieus A. Jones (D) [36]
Michigan
(Class 1)
Arthur Vandenberg (R) March 31, 1928 March 3, 1929 337 days Elected in the 1928 special election. 1928 (Special)
1928
1934
1940
1946
Fred W. Green (R) Woodbridge Nathan Ferris (D) [37]
Ohio
(Class 3)
Cyrus Locher (D) April 4, 1928 December 14, 1928 254 days Lost nomination to run in the 1928 special election. A. Victor Donahey (D) Frank B. Willis (R) [38]
Idaho
(Class 3)
John W. Thomas (R) June 30, 1928 March 3, 1933 4 years, 246 days Elected in the 1928 special election. 1928 (Special)
1940 (Special)
1942
H. C. Baldridge (R) Frank R. Gooding (R) [39]
Delaware
(Class 2)
Daniel O. Hastings (R) December 10, 1928 March 3, 1931 2 years, 83 days Elected in the 1930 special election. 1930 (Special)
1930
Robert P. Robinson (R) T. Coleman du Pont (R) [40]
Kansas
(Class 3)
Henry Justin Allen (R) April 1, 1929 November 30, 1930 1 year, 243 days Defeated in the 1930 special election. Clyde M. Reed (R) Charles Curtis (R) [41]
Tennessee
(Class 2)
William Emerson Brock (D) September 2, 1929 March 3, 1931 1 year, 182 days Did not seek election. Henry Hollis Horton (D) Lawrence Tyson (D) [42]
Ohio
(Class 3)
Roscoe C. McCulloch (R) November 5, 1929 November 30, 1930 1 year, 25 days Defeated in the 1930 special election. Myers Y. Cooper (R) Theodore E. Burton (R) [43]
New Jersey
(Class 2)
David Baird Jr. (R) November 30, 1929 December 2, 1930 1 year, 2 days Did not seek election. Morgan Foster Larson (R) Walter Evans Edge (R) [44]
Wyoming
(Class 2)
Patrick Joseph Sullivan (R) December 5, 1929 November 20, 1930 350 days Did not seek election. Frank Emerson (R) Francis E. Warren (R) [45]
Pennsylvania
(Class 3)
Joseph R. Grundy (R) December 11, 1929 December 1, 1930 355 days Lost nomination to run in the 1930 special election. John Stuchell Fisher (R) William Scott Vare (R)[note 4] [46]
Kentucky
(Class 2)
John M. Robsion (R) January 11, 1930 November 30, 1930 323 days Defeated in the 1930 special election. Flem D. Sampson (R) Frederic M. Sackett (R) [47]
North Carolina
(Class 3)
Cameron A. Morrison (D) December 13, 1930 December 4, 1932 1 year, 357 days Lost nomination to run in the 1932 special election. Oliver Max Gardner (D) Lee Slater Overman (D) [48]
Vermont
(Class 1)
Frank C. Partridge (R) December 23, 1930 March 31, 1931 98 days Lost nomination to run in the 1931 special election. John E. Weeks (R) Frank L. Greene (R) [49]
Arkansas
(Class 3)
Hattie Wyatt Caraway (D) November 13, 1931 March 3, 1933 1 year, 110 days Elected in the 1932 special election. 1932 (Special)
1932
1938
Harvey Parnell (D) Thaddeus H. Caraway (D) [50]
New Jersey
(Class 2)
William Warren Barbour (R) December 1, 1931 March 3, 1933 1 year, 92 days Elected in the 1932 special election. 1932 (Special)
1938 (Special)
1940
Morgan Foster Larson (R) Dwight Morrow (R) [51]
Georgia
(Class 2)
John S. Cohen (D) April 25, 1932 January 11, 1933 261 days Did not seek election. Richard Russell Jr. (D) William J. Harris (D) [52]
Colorado
(Class 3)
Walter Walker (D) September 26, 1932 December 6, 1932 71 days Defeated in the 1932 special election. Billy Adams (D) Charles W. Waterman (R) [53]
Washington
(Class 3)
Elijah S. Grammer (R) November 22, 1932 March 3, 1933 101 days Did not seek election. Roland H. Hartley (R) Wesley Livsey Jones (R) [54]
Tennessee
(Class 2)
Nathan L. Bachman (D) February 28, 1933 January 3, 1937 3 years, 310 days Elected in the 1934 special election. 1934 (Special)
1936
Hill McAlister (D) Cordell Hull (D) [55]
Virginia
(Class 1)
Harry F. Byrd (D) March 4, 1933 January 3, 1935 1 year, 305 days Elected in the 1933 special election. 1933 (Special)
1934
1940
1946
1952
1958
1964
John Garland Pollard (D) Claude A. Swanson (D) [56]
Montana
(Class 2)
John E. Erickson (D) March 13, 1933 November 6, 1934 1 year, 238 days Lost nomination to run in the 1934 special election. Frank Henry Cooney (D) Thomas J. Walsh (D) [57]
Nebraska
(Class 1)
William Henry Thompson (D) May 24, 1933 November 6, 1934 1 year, 166 days Did not seek election. Charles W. Bryan (D) Robert B. Howell (R) [58]
New Mexico
(Class 2)
Carl Hatch (D) October 10, 1933 January 3, 1937 3 years, 85 days Elected in the 1934 special election. 1934 (Special)
1936
1942
Andrew W. Hockenhull (D) Sam G. Bratton (D) [59]
Vermont
(Class 3)
Ernest Willard Gibson (R) November 21, 1933 January 3, 1939 5 years, 43 days Elected in the 1934 special election. 1934 (Special)
1938
Stanley C. Wilson (R) Porter H. Dale (R) [60]
Wyoming
(Class 1)
Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D) January 1, 1934 January 3, 1935 1 year, 2 days Elected in the 1934 special election. 1934 (Special)
1934
1940
1946
1954 (Special)
1954
Leslie A. Miller (D) John B. Kendrick (D) [61]
New Mexico
(Class 1)
Dennis Chávez (D) May 11, 1935 January 3, 1941 5 years, 237 days Elected in the 1936 special election. 1936 (Special)
1940
1946
1952
1958
Clyde Tingley (D) Bronson M. Cutting (R) [62]
Minnesota
(Class 2)
Elmer Austin Benson (FL) December 27, 1935 November 3, 1936 312 days Did not seek election. Floyd B. Olson (FL) Thomas D. Schall (R) [63]
Louisiana
(Class 2)
Rose McConnell Long (D) January 31, 1936 January 3, 1937 338 days Elected in the 1936 special election. 1936 (Special) James A. Noe (D) Huey Long (D) [64]
Florida
(Class 1)
Scott Loftin (D) May 26, 1936 November 3, 1936 161 days Did not seek election. David Sholtz (D) Park Trammell (D) [65]
Florida
(Class 3)
William Luther Hill (D) July 1, 1936 November 3, 1936 125 days Did not seek election. David Sholtz (D) Duncan U. Fletcher (D) [66]
South Dakota
(Class 3)
Herbert E. Hitchcock (D) December 29, 1936 November 8, 1938 1 year, 314 days Lost nomination to run in the 1938 special election. Tom Berry (D) Peter Norbeck (R) [67]
Tennessee
(Class 2)
George L. Berry (D) May 6, 1937 November 8, 1938 1 year, 186 days Lost nomination to run in the 1938 special election. Gordon Browning (D) Nathan L. Bachman (D) [68]
Alabama
(Class 3)
Dixie Bibb Graves (D) August 20, 1937 January 10, 1938 143 days Did not seek election. Bibb Graves (D) Hugo Black (D) [69]
Alabama
(Class 3)
J. Lister Hill (D) January 11, 1938 January 3, 1939 357 days Elected in the 1938 special election. 1938 (Special)
1938
1944
1950
1956
1962
Bibb Graves (D) Dixie Bibb Graves (D)[note 5] [70]
New Jersey
(Class 1)
John Gerald Milton (D) January 18, 1938 November 8, 1938 294 days Did not seek election. A. Harry Moore (D) A. Harry Moore (D) [71]
Oregon
(Class 3)
Alfred E. Reames (D) February 1, 1938 November 8, 1938 280 days Did not seek election. Charles Martin (D) Frederick Steiwer (R) [72]
California
(Class 3)
Thomas M. Storke (D) November 9, 1938 January 3, 1939 55 days Did not seek election. Frank Merriam (R) William Gibbs McAdoo (D) [73]
Illinois
(Class 2)
James M. Slattery (D) April 14, 1939 November 21, 1940 1 year, 221 days Defeated in the 1940 special election. Henry Horner (D) J. Hamilton Lewis (D) [74]
Kentucky
(Class 2)
Happy Chandler (D) October 10, 1939 January 3, 1943 3 years, 85 days Elected in the 1940 special election. 1940 (Special)
1942
Keen Johnson (D) M. M. Logan (D) [75]
Idaho
(Class 2)
John W. Thomas (R) January 27, 1940 January 3, 1943 2 years, 341 days Elected in the 1940 special election. 1940 (Special)
1942
C. A. Bottolfsen (R) William Borah (R) [39]
Vermont
(Class 3)
Ernest W. Gibson Jr. (R) June 24, 1940 January 3, 1941 342 days Did not seek election. George Aiken (R) Ernest Willard Gibson (R) [76]
Minnesota
(Class 2)
Joseph H. Ball (R) October 14, 1940 November 17, 1942 2 years, 34 days Did not run in the 1942 special election
but was elected in the 1942 election held on the same day.
1942 Harold Stassen (R) Ernest Lundeen (FL) [77]
Nevada
(Class 1)
Berkeley L. Bunker (D) November 27, 1940 December 6, 1942 2 years, 9 days Lost nomination to run in the 1942 special election. Edward P. Carville (D) Key Pittman (D) [78]
West Virginia
(Class 2)
Joseph Rosier (D) January 13, 1941 November 17, 1942 1 year, 308 days Defeated in the 1942 special election. Matthew M. Neely (D) Matthew M. Neely (D) [79]
Arkansas
(Class 2)
G. Lloyd Spencer (D) April 1, 1941 January 3, 1943 1 year, 277 days Did not seek election. Homer Martin Adkins (D) John E. Miller (D) [80]
Texas
(Class 2)
Andrew Jackson Houston (D) April 21, 1941 June 26, 1941 66 days Died in office. W. Lee O'Daniel (D) Morris Sheppard (D) [81]
Mississippi
(Class 2)
James Eastland (D) June 30, 1941 September 28, 1941 90 days Did not run in the 1941 special election
but was elected in the 1942 election held in the following year.
1942
1948
1954
1960
1966
1972
Paul B. Johnson Sr. (D) Pat Harrison (D) [82]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Alva M. Lumpkin (D) July 22, 1941 August 1, 1941 10 days Died in office. Burnet R. Maybank (D) James F. Byrnes (D) [83]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Roger C. Peace (D) August 5, 1941 November 4, 1941 91 days Did not seek election. Burnet R. Maybank (D) Alva M. Lumpkin (D)[note 6] [84]
Colorado
(Class 3)
Eugene Millikin (R) December 20, 1941 January 3, 1945 3 years, 14 days Elected in the 1942 special election. 1942 (Special)
1944
1950
Ralph Lawrence Carr (R) Alva B. Adams (D) [85]
New Jersey
(Class 1)
Arthur Walsh (D) November 26, 1943 December 7, 1944 1 year, 11 days Did not seek election. Charles Edison (D) William Warren Barbour (R) [86]
Indiana
(Class 3)
Samuel D. Jackson (D) January 28, 1944 November 13, 1944 290 days Did not seek election. Henry F. Schricker (D) Frederick Van Nuys (D) [87]
Massachusetts
(Class 2)
Sinclair Weeks (R) February 8, 1944 December 19, 1944 315 days Did not seek election. Leverett Saltonstall (R) Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (R) [88]
Oregon
(Class 2)
Guy Cordon (R) March 4, 1944 January 3, 1949 4 years, 305 days Elected in the 1944 special election. 1944 (Special)
1948
Earl Snell (R) Charles L. McNary (R) [89]
South Carolina
(Class 3)
Wilton E. Hall (D) November 20, 1944 January 3, 1945 44 days Did not seek election. Olin D. Johnston (D) Ellison D. Smith (D) [90]
Washington
(Class 1)
Hugh Mitchell (D) January 10, 1945 December 25, 1946 1 year, 349 days Defeated in the 1946 election. Monrad Wallgren (D) Monrad Wallgren (D) [91]
Missouri
(Class 1)
Frank P. Briggs (D) January 18, 1945 January 3, 1947 1 year, 350 days Defeated in the 1946 election. Phil M. Donnelly (D) Harry S. Truman (D) [92]
Connecticut
(Class 1)
Thomas C. Hart (R) February 15, 1945 November 5, 1946 1 year, 263 days Did not seek election. Raymond E. Baldwin (R) Francis T. Maloney (D) [93]
North Dakota
(Class 3)
Milton Young (R) March 12, 1945 January 3, 1951 5 years, 297 days Elected in the 1946 special election. 1946 (Special)
1950
1956
1962
1968
1974
Fred G. Aandahl (R) John Moses (D) [94]
Nevada
(Class 1)
Edward P. Carville (D) July 25, 1945 January 3, 1947 1 year, 162 days Lost nomination to run in the 1946 election. Vail M. Pittman (D) James G. Scrugham (D) [95]
California
(Class 1)
William Knowland (R) August 26, 1945 January 3, 1947 1 year, 130 days Elected in the 1946 special election. 1946 (Special)
1946
1952
Earl Warren (R) Hiram Johnson (R) [96]
Ohio
(Class 1)
James W. Huffman (D) October 8, 1945 November 5, 1946 1 year, 28 days Did not run in the 1946 special election
and was defeated in the 1946 election.
Frank Lausche (D) Harold Hitz Burton (R) [97]
Idaho
(Class 2)
Charles C. Gossett (D) November 17, 1945 November 6, 1946 354 days Lost nomination to run in the 1946 special election. Arnold Williams (D) John W. Thomas (R) [98]
Kentucky
(Class 2)
William A. Stanfill (R) November 19, 1945 November 5, 1946 351 days Did not seek election. Simeon Willis (R) Happy Chandler (D) [99]
Virginia
(Class 2)
Thomas G. Burch (D) May 31, 1946 November 5, 1946 158 days Did not seek election. William M. Tuck (D) Carter Glass (D) [100]
Alabama
(Class 2)
George R. Swift (D) June 15, 1946 November 5, 1946 143 days Did not seek election. Chauncey Sparks (D) John H. Bankhead II (D) [101]
Florida
(Class 1)
Spessard Holland (D) September 25, 1946 January 3, 1947 100 days Elected in the 1946 election. 1946
1952
1958
1964
Millard Caldwell (D) Charles O. Andrews (D) [102]
Vermont
(Class 1)
Ralph Flanders (R) November 1, 1946 January 3, 1947 63 days Elected in the 1946 election. 1946
1952
Mortimer R. Proctor (R) Warren Austin (R) [103]
North Carolina
(Class 2)
William B. Umstead (D) December 18, 1946 December 30, 1948 2 years, 12 days Lost nomination to run in the 1948 special election. R. Gregg Cherry (D) Josiah Bailey (D) [104]
Louisiana
(Class 3)
William C. Feazel (D) May 18, 1948 December 30, 1948 226 days Did not seek election. Earl Long (D) John H. Overton (D) [105]
South Dakota
(Class 2)
Vera C. Bushfield (R) October 6, 1948 December 26, 1948 81 days Did not seek election. George Theodore Mickelson (R) Harlan J. Bushfield (R) [106]
Kentucky
(Class 3)
Garrett Withers (D) January 20, 1949 November 26, 1950 1 year, 310 days Did not seek election. Earle Clements (D) Alben W. Barkley (D) [107]
North Carolina
(Class 2)
Frank Porter Graham (D) March 29, 1949 November 26, 1950 1 year, 242 days Lost nomination to run in the 1950 special election. W. Kerr Scott (D) J. Melville Broughton (D) [108]
New York
(Class 3)
John Foster Dulles (R) July 7, 1949 November 8, 1949 124 days Defeated in the 1949 special election. Thomas E. Dewey (R) Robert F. Wagner (D) [109]
Rhode Island
(Class 1)
Edward L. Leahy (D) August 24, 1949 December 18, 1950 1 year, 116 days Did not seek election. John Pastore (D) J. Howard McGrath (D) [110]
Idaho
(Class 2)
Henry Dworshak (R) October 14, 1949 January 3, 1955 5 years, 81 days Elected in the 1950 special election. 1946 (Special)
1950 (Special)
1954
1960
C. A. Robins (R) Bert H. Miller (D) [111]
Kansas
(Class 3)
Harry Darby (R) December 2, 1949 November 28, 1950 361 days Did not seek election. Frank Carlson (R) Clyde M. Reed (R) [112]
Connecticut
(Class 1)
William Benton (D) December 17, 1949 January 3, 1953 3 years, 17 days Elected in the 1950 special election. 1950 (Special) Chester Bowles (D) Raymond E. Baldwin (R) [113]
Kentucky
(Class 2)
Thomas R. Underwood (D) March 19, 1951 November 4, 1952 1 year, 230 days Defeated in the 1952 special election. Lawrence Wetherby (D) Virgil Chapman (D) [114]
Michigan
(Class 1)
Blair Moody (D) April 23, 1951 November 4, 1952 1 year, 195 days Defeated in the 1952 special election. G. Mennen Williams (D) Arthur Vandenberg (R) [115]
Nebraska
(Class 2)
Fred A. Seaton (R) December 10, 1951 November 4, 1952 330 days Did not seek election. Val Peterson (R) Kenneth S. Wherry (R) [116]
Connecticut
(Class 3)
William A. Purtell (R) August 29, 1952 November 4, 1952 67 days Did not seek election. 1952. John Davis Lodge (R) Brien McMahon (D) [117]
California
(Class 3)
Thomas Kuchel (R) January 2, 1953 January 3, 1957 4 years, 1 day Elected in the 1954 special election. 1954 (Special)
1956
1962
Earl Warren (R) Richard Nixon (R) [118]
North Carolina
(Class 2)
Alton Lennon (D) July 10, 1953 November 28, 1954 1 year, 141 days Lost nomination to run in the 1954 special election. William B. Umstead (D) Willis Smith (D) [119]
New Hampshire
(Class 2)
Robert W. Upton (R) August 14, 1953 November 7, 1954 1 year, 85 days Lost nomination to run in the 1954 special election. Hugh Gregg (R) Charles W. Tobey (R) [120]
Ohio
(Class 3)
Thomas A. Burke (D) November 10, 1953 December 2, 1954 1 year, 22 days Defeated in the 1954 special election. Frank Lausche (D) Robert A. Taft (R) [121]
Nebraska
(Class 2)
Eva Bowring (R) April 16, 1954 November 7, 1954 205 days Did not seek election. Robert B. Crosby (R) Dwight Griswold (R) [122]
North Carolina
(Class 3)
Sam Ervin (D) June 5, 1954 January 3, 1957 2 years, 212 days Elected in the 1954 special election. 1954 (Special)
1956
1962
1968
William B. Umstead (D) Clyde R. Hoey (D) [123]
Wyoming
(Class 2)
Edward D. Crippa (R) June 24, 1954 November 28, 1954 157 days Did not seek election. Clifford Joy Rogers (R) Lester C. Hunt (D) [124]
Nebraska
(Class 1)
Samuel W. Reynolds (R) July 3, 1954 November 7, 1954 127 days Did not seek election. Robert B. Crosby (R) Hugh A. Butler (R) [125]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Charles E. Daniel (D) September 6, 1954 December 23, 1954 108 days Did not seek election. William B. Umstead (D) Burnet R. Maybank (D) [126]
Nevada
(Class 3)
Ernest S. Brown (R) October 1, 1954 December 1, 1954 61 days Defeated in the 1954 special election. Charles H. Russell (R) Pat McCarran (D) [127]
West Virginia
(Class 1)
William Laird III (D) March 13, 1956 November 6, 1956 238 days Did not seek election. William C. Marland (D) Harley M. Kilgore (D) [128]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Thomas A. Wofford (D) April 5, 1956 November 6, 1956 215 days Did not seek election. George Bell Timmerman Jr. (D) Strom Thurmond (D) [129]
Kentucky
(Class 2)
Robert Humphreys (D) June 21, 1956 November 6, 1956 138 days Did not seek election. Happy Chandler (D) Alben W. Barkley (D) [130]
Texas
(Class 1)
William A. Blakley (D) January 15, 1957 April 28, 1957 103 days Did not seek election. Price Daniel (D) Price Daniel (D) [131]
West Virginia
(Class 2)
John D. Hoblitzell Jr. (R) January 25, 1958 November 4, 1958 283 days Defeated in the 1958 special election. Cecil H. Underwood (R) Matthew M. Neely (D) [132]
North Carolina
(Class 2)
B. Everett Jordan (D) April 19, 1958 January 3, 1961 2 years, 259 days Elected in the 1958 special election. 1958 (Special)
1960
1966
Luther H. Hodges (D) W. Kerr Scott (D) [133]
North Dakota
(Class 1)
Norman Brunsdale (R) November 19, 1959 August 7, 1960 262 days Did not seek election. John E. Davis (R) William Langer (R) [134]
Oregon
(Class 2)
Hall S. Lusk (D) March 16, 1960 November 8, 1960 237 days Did not seek election. Mark Hatfield (R) Richard L. Neuberger (D) [135]
Missouri
(Class 3)
Edward V. Long (D) September 23, 1960 January 3, 1963 2 years, 102 days Elected in the 1960 special election. 1960 (Special)
1962
James T. Blair Jr. (D) Thomas C. Hennings Jr. (D) [136]
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
Benjamin A. Smith II (D) December 27, 1960 November 6, 1962 1 year, 314 days Did not seek election. Foster Furcolo (D) John F. Kennedy (D) [137]
Texas
(Class 2)
William A. Blakley (D) January 3, 1961 June 14, 1961 162 days Defeated in the 1961 special election. Price Daniel (D) Lyndon B. Johnson (D) [131]
Wyoming
(Class 2)
John J. Hickey (D) January 3, 1961 November 6, 1962 1 year, 307 days Defeated in the 1962 special election. Jack R. Gage (D) Edwin Keith Thomson (R)[note 4] [138]
New Hampshire
(Class 2)
Maurice J. Murphy Jr. (R) December 7, 1961 November 6, 1962 334 days Lost nomination to run in the 1962 special election. Wesley Powell (R) Styles Bridges (R) [139]
Kansas
(Class 2)
James B. Pearson (R) January 31, 1962 January 3, 1967 4 years, 337 days Elected in the 1962 special election. 1962 (Special)
1966
1972
John Anderson Jr. (R) Andrew Frank Schoeppel (R) [140]
South Dakota
(Class 3)
Joseph H. Bottum (R) July 9, 1962 January 3, 1963 178 days Lost election to the next term. Archie M. Gubbrud (R) Francis H. Case (R) [141]
Idaho
(Class 2)
Leonard B. Jordan (R) August 6, 1962 January 3, 1967 4 years, 150 days Elected in the 1962 special election. 1962 (Special)
1966
Robert E. Smylie (R) Henry Dworshak (R) [142]
New Mexico
(Class 1)
Edwin L. Mechem (R) November 30, 1962 November 3, 1964 1 year, 339 days Defeated in the 1964 special election. Tom Bolack (R) Dennis Chávez (D) [143]
Oklahoma
(Class 2)
J. Howard Edmondson (D) January 7, 1963 November 3, 1964 1 year, 301 days Lost nomination to run in the 1964 special election. George Nigh (D) Robert S. Kerr (D) [144]
Tennessee
(Class 2)
Herbert S. Walters (D) August 20, 1963 November 3, 1964 1 year, 75 days Did not seek election. Frank G. Clement (D) Estes Kefauver (D) [145]
California
(Class 1)
Pierre Salinger (D) August 4, 1964 December 31, 1964 149 days Defeated in the 1964 election. Pat Brown (D) Clair Engle (D) [146]
Minnesota
(Class 2)
Walter Mondale (D) December 30, 1964 January 3, 1967 2 years, 4 days Elected in the 1966 election. 1966
1972
Karl Rolvaag (D) Hubert Humphrey (D) [147]
South Carolina
(Class 3)
Donald S. Russell (D) April 22, 1965 November 8, 1966 1 year, 200 days Lost nomination to run in the 1966 special election. Robert Evander McNair (D) Olin D. Johnston (D) [148]
Virginia
(Class 1)
Harry F. Byrd Jr. (D) November 12, 1965 January 3, 1971 5 years, 52 days Elected in the 1966 special election. 1966 (Special)
1970
1976
Albertis Harrison (D) Harry F. Byrd (D) [149]
Michigan
(Class 2)
Robert P. Griffin (R) May 11, 1966 January 3, 1967 237 days Elected in the 1966 election. 1966
1972
George W. Romney (R) Patrick V. McNamara (D) [150]
New York
(Class 1)
Charles Goodell (R) September 10, 1968 January 3, 1971 2 years, 115 days Lost election to the next term. Nelson Rockefeller (R) Robert F. Kennedy (D) [151]
Alaska
(Class 2)
Ted Stevens (R) December 24, 1968 January 3, 1973 4 years, 10 days Elected in the 1970 special election. 1970 (Special)
1972
1978
1984
1990
1996
2002
Wally Hickel (R) Bob Bartlett (D) [152]
Illinois
(Class 3)
Ralph Tyler Smith (R) September 17, 1969 November 16, 1970 1 year, 60 days Defeated in the 1970 special election. Richard B. Ogilvie (R) Everett Dirksen (R) [153]
Georgia
(Class 2)
David H. Gambrell (D) February 1, 1971 November 7, 1972 1 year, 280 days Lost nomination to run in the 1972 special election. Jimmy Carter (D) Richard Russell Jr. (D) [154]
Vermont
(Class 1)
Robert Stafford (R) September 16, 1971 January 3, 1977 5 years, 109 days Elected in the 1972 special election. 1972 (Special)
1976
1982
Deane C. Davis (R) Winston L. Prouty (R) [155]
Louisiana
(Class 2)
Elaine Edwards (D) August 1, 1972 November 13, 1972 104 days Did not seek election. Edwin Edwards (D) Allen J. Ellender (D) [156]
Ohio
(Class 3)
Howard Metzenbaum (D) January 4, 1974 December 23, 1974 353 days Lost nomination to run in the 1974 special election. 1976
1982
1988
John J. Gilligan (D) William B. Saxbe (R) [157]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)
Louis C. Wyman (R) December 31, 1974 January 3, 1975 3 days Defeated in the 1975 special election. Meldrim Thomson Jr. (R) Norris Cotton (R) [158]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)
Norris Cotton (R) August 8, 1975 September 18, 1975 41 days Did not seek election. 1954 (Special)
1956
1962
1968
Meldrim Thomson Jr. (R) Louis C. Wyman (R) [159]
Minnesota
(Class 2)
Wendell R. Anderson (D) December 30, 1976 December 29, 1978 1 year, 364 days Defeated in the 1978 election. Rudy Perpich (D) Walter Mondale (D) [160]
Arkansas
(Class 2)
Kaneaster Hodges Jr. (D) December 10, 1977 January 3, 1979 1 year, 24 days Did not seek election. David Pryor (D) John Little McClellan (D) [161]
Montana
(Class 2)
Paul G. Hatfield (D) January 22, 1978 December 14, 1978 326 days Lost nomination to run in the 1978 election. Thomas Lee Judge (D) Lee Metcalf (D) [162]
Minnesota
(Class 1)
Muriel Humphrey Brown (D) January 25, 1978 November 7, 1978 286 days Did not seek election. Rudy Perpich (D) Hubert Humphrey (D) [163]
Alabama
(Class 3)
Maryon Pittman Allen (D) June 8, 1978 November 7, 1978 152 days Lost nomination to run in the 1978 special election. George Wallace (D) James Allen (D) [164]
Maine
(Class 1)
George J. Mitchell (D) May 17, 1980 January 3, 1983 2 years, 231 days Elected in the 1982 election. 1982
1988
Joseph E. Brennan (D) Edmund Muskie (D) [165]
New Jersey
(Class 1)
Nicholas F. Brady (R) April 12, 1982 December 27, 1982 259 days Did not seek election. Thomas Kean (R) Harrison A. Williams (D) [166]
Washington
(Class 1)
Daniel J. Evans (R) September 8, 1983 January 3, 1989 5 years, 117 days Elected in the 1983 special election. 1983 (Special) John Spellman (R) Henry M. Jackson (D) [167]
North Carolina
(Class 3)
Jim Broyhill (R) July 14, 1986 November 4, 1986 113 days Defeated in the 1986 special election. James G. Martin (R) John Porter East (R) [168]
Nebraska
(Class 1)
David Karnes (R) March 11, 1987 January 3, 1989 1 year, 298 days Defeated in the 1988 election. Kay A. Orr (R) Edward Zorinsky (D) [169]
Indiana
(Class 3)
Dan Coats (R) January 3, 1989 January 3, 1993 4 years, 0 days Elected in the 1990 special election. 1990 (Special)
1992
2010
Robert D. Orr (R) Dan Quayle (R) [170]
Hawaii
(Class 1)
Daniel Akaka (D) May 16, 1990 January 3, 1995 4 years, 232 days Elected in the 1990 special election. 1990 (Special)
1994
2000
2006
John D. Waiheʻe III (D) Spark Matsunaga (D) [171]
California
(Class 1)
John Seymour (R) January 7, 1991 November 10, 1992 1 year, 308 days Defeated in the 1992 special election. Pete Wilson (R) Pete Wilson (R) [172]
Pennsylvania
(Class 1)
Harris Wofford (D) May 8, 1991 January 3, 1995 3 years, 240 days Elected in the 1991 special election. 1991 (Special) Bob Casey Sr. (D) John Heinz (R) [173]
North Dakota
(Class 1)
Jocelyn Burdick (D) September 12, 1992 December 14, 1992 93 days Did not seek election. George A. Sinner (D) Quentin Burdick (D) [174]
Tennessee
(Class 2)
Harlan Mathews (D) January 2, 1993 December 1, 1994 1 year, 333 days Did not seek election. Ned McWherter (D) Al Gore (D) [175]
Texas
(Class 1)
Bob Krueger (D) January 21, 1993 June 14, 1993 144 days Defeated in the 1993 special election. Ann Richards (D) Lloyd Bentsen (D) [176]
Kansas
(Class 3)
Sheila Frahm (R) June 11, 1996 November 5, 1996 147 days Lost nomination to run in the 1996 special election. Bill Graves (R) Bob Dole (R) [177]
Rhode Island
(Class 1)
Lincoln Chafee (R) November 2, 1999 January 3, 2001 1 year, 62 days Elected in the 2000 election. 2000 Lincoln Almond (R) John Chafee (R) [178]
Georgia
(Class 3)
Zell Miller (D) July 24, 2000 January 3, 2005 4 years, 163 days Elected in the 2000 special election. 2000 (Special) Roy Barnes (D) Paul Coverdell (R) [179]
Missouri
(Class 1)
Jean Carnahan (D) January 3, 2001 November 25, 2002 1 year, 326 days Defeated in the 2002 special election. Roger B. Wilson (D) Mel Carnahan (D)[note 4] [180]
Minnesota
(Class 2)
Dean Barkley (IPM) November 4, 2002 January 3, 2003 60 days Did not seek election. Jesse Ventura (IPM) Paul Wellstone (D) [181]
Alaska
(Class 3)
Lisa Murkowski (R) December 20, 2002 January 3, 2005 2 years, 14 days Elected in the 2004 election. 2004
2010
2016
Frank Murkowski (R) Frank Murkowski (R) [182]
New Jersey
(Class 1)
Bob Menendez (D) January 17, 2006 January 3, 2007 351 days Elected in the 2006 election. 2006
2012
2018
Jon Corzine (D) Jon Corzine (D) [183]
Wyoming
(Class 1)
John Barrasso (R) June 22, 2007 January 3, 2013 5 years, 195 days Elected in the 2008 special election. 2008 (Special)
2012
2018
Dave Freudenthal (D) Craig L. Thomas (R) [184]
Mississippi
(Class 1)
Roger Wicker (R) December 31, 2007 January 3, 2013 5 years, 3 days Elected in the 2008 special election. 2008 (Special)
2012
2018
Haley Barbour (R) Trent Lott (R) [185]
Illinois
(Class 3)
Roland Burris (D) January 12, 2009 November 29, 2010 1 year, 321 days Did not seek election. Rod Blagojevich (D) Barack Obama (D) [186]
Delaware
(Class 2)
Ted Kaufman (D) January 15, 2009 November 15, 2010 1 year, 304 days Did not seek election. Ruth Ann Minner (D) Joe Biden (D) [187]
Colorado
(Class 3)
Michael Bennet (D) January 21, 2009 January 3, 2011 1 year, 347 days Elected in the 2010 election. 2010
2016
Bill Ritter (D) Ken Salazar (D) [188]
New York
(Class 1)
Kirsten Gillibrand (D) January 26, 2009 January 3, 2013 3 years, 343 days Elected in the 2010 special election. 2010 (Special)
2012
2018
David Paterson (D) Hillary Clinton (D) [189]
Florida
(Class 3)
George LeMieux (R) September 9, 2009 January 3, 2011 1 year, 116 days Did not seek election. Charlie Crist (R) Mel Martínez (R) [190]
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
Paul G. Kirk (D) September 24, 2009 February 4, 2010 133 days Did not seek election. Deval Patrick (D) Ted Kennedy (D) [191]
West Virginia
(Class 1)
Carte Goodwin (D) July 16, 2010 November 15, 2010 122 days Did not seek election. Joe Manchin (D) Robert Byrd (D) [192]
Nevada
(Class 1)
Dean Heller (R) May 9, 2011 January 3, 2013 1 year, 239 days Elected in the 2012 election. 2012 Brian Sandoval (R) John Ensign (R) [193]
Hawaii
(Class 3)
Brian Schatz (D) December 26, 2012 January 3, 2017 4 years, 8 days Elected in the 2014 special election. 2014 (Special)
2016
Neil Abercrombie (D) Daniel Inouye (D) [194]
South Carolina
(Class 3)
Tim Scott (R) January 2, 2013 January 3, 2017 4 years, 1 day Elected in the 2014 special election. 2014 (Special)
2016
Nikki Haley (R) Jim DeMint (R) [195]
Massachusetts
(Class 2)
Mo Cowan (D) February 1, 2013 July 15, 2013 164 days Did not seek election. Deval Patrick (D) John Kerry (D) [196]
New Jersey
(Class 2)
Jeffrey Chiesa (R) June 6, 2013 October 30, 2013 146 days Did not seek election. Chris Christie (R) Frank Lautenberg (D) [197]
Montana
(Class 2)
John Walsh (D) February 9, 2014 January 3, 2015 328 days Did not seek election. Steve Bullock (D) Max Baucus (D) [198]
Alabama
(Class 2)
Luther Strange (R) February 9, 2017 January 3, 2018 328 days Lost nomination to run in the 2017 special election. Robert J. Bentley (R) Jeff Sessions (R) [199]
Minnesota
(Class 2)
Tina Smith (D) January 3, 2018 Elected to finish unexpired term, ending January 3, 2021. 3 years, 32 days Elected in the 2018 special election. 2018 (Special) Mark Dayton (D) Al Franken (D) [200]
Mississippi
(Class 2)
Cindy Hyde-Smith (R) April 2, 2018 Elected to finish unexpired term, ending January 3, 2021. 2 years, 308 days Elected in the 2018 special election. 2018 (Special) Phil Bryant (R) Thad Cochran (R) [201]
Arizona
(Class 3)
Jon Kyl (R) September 4, 2018 December 31, 2018 118 days Did not seek election. 1994
2000
2006
Doug Ducey (R) John McCain (R) [202]
Arizona
(Class 3)
Martha McSally (R) January 3, 2019 December 2, 2020 1 year, 334 days Defeated in the 2020 special election. Doug Ducey (R) Jon Kyl (R)[note 7] [203]
Georgia
(Class 3)
Kelly Loeffler (R) January 6, 2020 January 20, 2021 1 year, 14 days Defeated in the 2020–21 special election. Brian Kemp (R) Johnny Isakson (R) [204]
California
(Class 3)
Alex Padilla (D) January 20, 2021 Incumbent is running in the 2022 election. Gavin Newsom (D) Kamala Harris (D) [205]
State (Class) Appointee[7] Term started[note 2] Term ended Tenure Immediate election following appointment Elections won Appointed by Original senator Ref.
Tenure of appointee serving within the unexpired term[note 1] Electoral history

List of senators-elect appointed to the Senate

The following is a list of senators-elect appointed to the Senate after being elected. Only appointments made after the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment, which established the direct election of Senators, are included.

Key

Democratic Party Republican Party North Dakota Nonpartisan League Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party Independence Party of Minnesota
Current serving
State (Class) Senator-elect[206] Tenure of appointee serving within the unexpired term[note 1] Electoral history of appointee Appointed by Original senator Ref.
Term start[note 2] Term end Tenure Immediate election preceding appointment Elections won
Oregon
(Class 2)
Charles L. McNary (R) December 18, 1918 March 3, 1919 75 days Elected in the 1918 election. 1918
1924
1930
1936
1942
James Withycombe (R) Frederick W. Mulkey (R) [11]
Ohio
(Class 3)
Frank B. Willis (R) January 14, 1921 March 3, 1921 48 days Elected in the 1920 election. 1920
1926
Harry L. Davis (R) Warren G. Harding (R) [207]
Idaho
(Class 3)
Frank R. Gooding (R) January 15, 1921 March 3, 1921 47 days Elected in the 1920 election. 1920
1926
D. W. Davis (R) John F. Nugent (D) [208]
Illinois
(Class 2)
Charles S. Deneen (R) February 26, 1925 March 3, 1925 5 days Elected in the 1924 election. 1924 Len Small (R) Joseph M. McCormick (R) [209]
Missouri
(Class 3)
Bennett Champ Clark (D) February 4, 1933 March 3, 1933 27 days Elected in the 1932 election. 1932
1938
Guy Brasfield Park (D) Harry B. Hawes (D) [210]
Michigan
(Class 2)
Prentiss M. Brown (D) November 19, 1936 January 3, 1937 45 days Elected in the 1936 election. 1936 Frank Fitzgerald (R) James J. Couzens (R) [211]
Washington
(Class 1)
Monrad Wallgren (D) December 19, 1940 January 3, 1941 15 days Elected in the 1940 election. 1940 Clarence D. Martin (D) Lewis B. Schwellenbach (D) [212]
Washington
(Class 3)
Warren Magnuson (D) December 14, 1944 January 3, 1945 20 days Elected in the 1944 election. 1944
1950
1956
1962
1968
1974
Arthur B. Langlie (R) Homer Bone (D) [213]
Washington
(Class 1)
Harry P. Cain (R) December 26, 1946 January 3, 1947 8 days Elected in the 1946 election. 1946 Monrad Wallgren (D) Hugh Mitchell (D) [214]
South Dakota
(Class 2)
Karl E. Mundt (R) December 31, 1948 January 3, 1949 3 days Elected in the 1948 election. 1948
1954
1960
1966
George Theodore Mickelson (R) Vera C. Bushfield (R) [215]
California
(Class 3)
Richard Nixon (R) December 1, 1950 January 3, 1951 33 days Elected in the 1950 election. 1950 Earl Warren (R) Sheridan Downey (D) [216]
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Strom Thurmond (D) December 24, 1954 January 3, 1955 10 days Elected in the 1954 election. 1954
1956
1960
1966
1972
1978
1984
1990
1996
James F. Byrnes (D) Charles E. Daniel (D) [217]
Nebraska
(Class 2)
Carl Curtis (R) January 1, 1955 January 3, 1955 2 days Elected in the 1954 election. 1954
1960
1966
1972
Robert B. Crosby (R) Hazel Abel (R) [218]
California
(Class 1)
George Murphy (R) January 1, 1965 January 3, 1965 2 days Elected in the 1964 election. 1964 Pat Brown (D) Pierre Salinger (D) [219]
Virginia
(Class 2)
William B. Spong Jr. (D) December 31, 1966 January 3, 1967 3 days Elected in the 1966 election. 1966 Mills Godwin (D) Absalom Willis Robertson (D) [220]
Kentucky
(Class 3)
Marlow Cook (R) December 17, 1968 January 3, 1969 17 days Elected in the 1968 election. 1968 Louie Nunn (R) Thruston Ballard Morton (R) [221]
Missouri
(Class 3)
Thomas Eagleton (D) December 28, 1968 January 3, 1969 6 days Elected in the 1968 election. 1968
1974
1980
Warren E. Hearnes (D) Edward V. Long (D) [222]
Delaware
(Class 1)
William Roth (R) January 1, 1971 January 3, 1971 2 days Elected in the 1970 election. 1970
1976
1982
1988
1994
Russell W. Peterson (R) John J. Williams (R) [223]
California
(Class 1)
John V. Tunney (D) January 2, 1971 January 3, 1971 1 day Elected in the 1970 election. 1970 Ronald Reagan (R) George Murphy (R) [224]
Louisiana
(Class 2)
J. Bennett Johnston (D) November 14, 1972 January 3, 1973 50 days Elected in the 1972 election. 1972
1978
1984
1990
Edwin Edwards (D) Elaine Edwards (D) [225]
Nevada
(Class 3)
Paul Laxalt (R) December 18, 1974 January 3, 1975 16 days Elected in the 1974 election. 1974
1980
Mike O'Callaghan (D) Alan Bible (D) [226]
Utah
(Class 3)
Jake Garn (R) December 21, 1974 January 3, 1975 13 days Elected in the 1974 election. 1974
1980
1986
Cal Rampton (D) Wallace F. Bennett (R) [227]
Ohio
(Class 3)
John Glenn (D) December 24, 1974 January 3, 1975 10 days Elected in the 1974 election. 1974
1980
1986
1992
John J. Gilligan (D) Howard Metzenbaum (D) [228]
Kentucky
(Class 3)
Wendell Ford (D) December 28, 1974 January 3, 1975 6 days Elected in the 1974 election. 1974
1980
1986
1992
Julian Carroll (D) Marlow Cook (R) [229]
Florida
(Class 3)
Richard Stone (D) January 1, 1975 January 3, 1975 2 days Elected in the 1974 election. 1974 Reubin Askew (D) Edward Gurney (R) [230]
Michigan
(Class 1)
Donald Riegle (D) December 30, 1976 January 3, 1977 4 days Elected in the 1976 election. 1976
1982
1988
William Milliken (R) Philip Hart (D) [231]
Missouri
(Class 1)
John Danforth (R) December 27, 1976 January 3, 1977 7 days Elected in the 1976 election. 1976
1982
1988
Kit Bond (R) Stuart Symington (D) [232]
Nebraska
(Class 1)
Edward Zorinsky (D) December 28, 1976 January 3, 1977 6 days Elected in the 1976 election. 1976
1982
J. James Exon (D) Roman Hruska (R) [233]
Rhode Island
(Class 1)
John Chafee (R) December 29, 1976 January 3, 1977 5 days Elected in the 1976 election. 1976
1982
1988
1994
Philip W. Noel (D) John Pastore (D) [234]
Ohio
(Class 1)
Howard Metzenbaum (D) December 29, 1976 January 3, 1977 5 days Elected in the 1976 election. 1976
1982
1988
Jim Rhodes (R) Robert Taft Jr. (R) [157]
California
(Class 1)
S. I. Hayakawa (R) January 2, 1977 January 3, 1977 1 day Elected in the 1976 election. 1976 Jerry Brown (D) John V. Tunney (D) [235]
Montana
(Class 2)
Max Baucus (D) December 15, 1978 January 3, 1979 19 days Elected in the 1978 election. 1978
1984
1990
1996
2002
2008
Thomas Lee Judge (D) Edward V. Long (D) [236]
Kansas
(Class 2)
Nancy Kassebaum (R) December 23, 1978 January 3, 1979 11 days Elected in the 1978 election. 1978
1984
1990
Robert Frederick Bennett (R) James B. Pearson (R) [237]
Mississippi
(Class 2)
Thad Cochran (R) December 27, 1978 January 3, 1979 7 days Elected in the 1978 election. 1978
1984
1990
1996
2002
2008
2014
Cliff Finch (D) James Eastland (D) [238]
Minnesota
(Class 2)
Rudy Boschwitz (R) December 30, 1978 January 3, 1979 4 days Elected in the 1978 election. 1978
1984
Rudy Perpich (D) Wendell R. Anderson (D) [239]
Wyoming
(Class 2)
Alan Simpson (R) January 1, 1979 January 3, 1979 2 days Elected in the 1978 election. 1978
1984
1990
Edgar Herschler (D) Clifford Hansen (R) [240]
Virginia
(Class 2)
John Warner (R) January 2, 1979 January 3, 1979 1 day Elected in the 1978 election. 1978
1984
1990
1996
2002
John Dalton (R) William L. Scott (R) [241]
New Hampshire
(Class 3)
Warren Rudman (R) December 30, 1980 January 3, 1981 4 days Elected in the 1980 election. 1980
1986
Hugh Gallen (D) John A. Durkin (D) [242]
Florida
(Class 3)
Paula Hawkins (R) January 1, 1981 January 3, 1981 2 days Elected in the 1980 election. 1980 Bob Graham (D) Richard Stone (D) [243]
Alabama
(Class 3)
Jeremiah Denton (R) January 2, 1981 January 3, 1981 1 day Elected in the 1980 election. 1980 Fob James (D) Donald Stewart (D) [244]
New Jersey
(Class 1)
Frank Lautenberg (D) December 27, 1982 January 3, 1983 7 days Elected in the 1982 election. 1982
1988
1994
2002
2008
Thomas Kean (R) Nicholas F. Brady (R) [245]
Massachusetts
(Class 2)
John Kerry (D) January 2, 1985 January 3, 1985 1 day Elected in the 1984 election. 1984
1990
1996
2002
2008
Michael Dukakis (D) Paul Tsongas (D) [246]
New Hampshire
(Class 2)
Bob Smith (R) December 7, 1990 January 3, 1991 27 days Elected in the 1990 election. 1990
1996
Judd Gregg (R) Gordon J. Humphrey (R) [247]
North Dakota
(Class 3)
Byron Dorgan (D) December 14, 1992 January 3, 1993 20 days Elected in the 1992 election. 1992
1998
2004
George A. Sinner (D) Kent Conrad (D) [248]
Texas
(Class 2)
John Cornyn (R) December 2, 2002 January 3, 2003 32 days Elected in the 2002 election. 2002
2008
2014
2020
Rick Perry (R) Phil Gramm (R) [249]
State (Class) Senator-elect[206] Term start[note 2] Term end Tenure Immediate election preceding appointment Elections won Appointed by Original senator Ref.
Tenure of appointee serving within the unexpired term[note 1] Electoral history

See also

Notes

  1. "Unexpired terms occur when there is a vacancy due to death or resignation and a senator is either appointed or elected for the term remaining." – The Term of Senator: When Does It Begin and End? Archived December 12, 2018, at the Wayback Machine
    Terms of Senators who are reelected in subsequent scheduled elections are not reflected in the tenure listed in this table.
  2. Determined by the commencement of the Senate term, as according to the chronological list of Senators Archived December 12, 2018, at the Wayback Machine.
  3. The Senate seat was first vacated by William E. Crow. David A. Reed was appointed to the seat after the previous interim appointee, Philander C. Knox, died.
  4. Senator-elect
  5. The Senate seat was first vacated by Hugo Black. J. Lister Hill was appointed to the seat after the previous interim appointee, Dixie Bibb Graves, resigned.
  6. The Senate seat was first vacated by James F. Byrnes. Roger C. Peace was appointed to the seat after the previous interim appointee, Alva M. Lumpkin, died.
  7. The Senate seat was first vacated by John McCain. Martha McSally was appointed to the seat after the previous interim appointee, Jon Kyl, resigned.

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