Metro Manila Dream Plan

The Dream Plan identified three interrelated problems development in Metro Manila would have to address:[1][2][4]

• Traffic congestion,
• Land use, specifically the lack of affordable housing and the presence of slum/squatter areas, and
• Environmental risks to urban settlements in areas prone to natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, typhoons, landslides, etc.

The Dream Plan identifies three core philosophies, which it expresses as: sector integration; spatial integration; and institutional integration.[1]

Sector integration refers to an approach that views various problematic aspects of Metro Manila's urban development as interrelated, and addressing them as such. The plan identifies critical sectors as traffic flow, settlement in hazardous areas, and overpopulation, and thus it seeks integrated approaches for "accommodat[ing] people in need of affordable housing free from hazard risks and traffic congestion."[1]

Spatial integration refers to an approach that expands the search for solutions to Metro Manila's problems to integrate areas outside its current boundaries - looking towards creating new centers of urban growth and linking them efficiently, allowing for the management of population growth and urban expansion in a sustainable manner. Specifically, the dream plan seeks to create new growth areas in Central Luzon, with the new Clark Green City at its core, and Calabarzon, with the Batangas and Lucena port areas as core focal points.[1]

Finally, institutional integration, refers to the need for strengthen and coordinate actions among local government units and regions.[1]

The Dream Plan expresses its goals in terms of five key problems which it aims to definitively address, which it calls "5 Nos":[1][2]

• No Traffic Congestion;
• No Households Living in Hazardous Conditions;
• No Barriers for Seamless Mobility;
• No Excessive Cost Burden for Low Income Groups; and
• No Air Pollution.

This strategy expands the metropolitan area into what the plan refers to as a "Greater Capital Region" (GCR), which would incorporate the present National Capital Region (NCR), Region III (Central Luzon), and Region IV-A (Calabarzon).[4]

Instead of being centered solely on the City of Manila, the Dream Plan proposes that the new system move towards new centers of economic growth connected via an efficient high capacity high quality transport backbone. This would be defined by five growth center clusters: The existing Metro Manila cluster, a North Regional Growth Center based on gateway sea and airports in Region III, a South Regional Growth Center based on gateway seaports in Region IV-A, a two sub-regional growth centers to the immediate north and immediate south of the Manila cluster, respectively.[1]

The Metro Manila cluster would be formed by the existing NCR,[1] plus nearby urban centers such as Antipolo, Bacoor, and Imus.[2] Efforts in this particular cluster would focus on inner city redevelopment or revitalization, and the rehabilitation of disaster prone areas.[2]

The North Regional Growth Center cluster would be formed primarily by the Subic-Clark-Tarlac urban areas to the west,[1] and then secondarily by urban centers of Cabanatuan and Gapan to the east.[1]

Development in this cluster would be centered on the new Clark Green City, the gateway seaport at Subic, and the Clark airport. Additional urban centers identified in this cluster include Tarlac City in Tarlac, San Fernando and Lubao in Pampanga, Cabanatuan and Gapan in Nueva Ecija.[2]

The South Regional Growth Center cluster would be formed by the urban centers of Batangas City and Lucena.[1]

Development in this cluster would be centered on gateway seaports at Batangas and Lucena. Additional urban centers identified in this cluster include Lipa and Tanauan in Batangas, and Tayabas in Quezon.[2]

The North Sub-regional Growth Center cluster would be formed by new urban development in Bulacan.[1]

Development efforts in this area would be focused on planned urban expansion in the form of affordable housing for informal settlers.[2] Malolos is projected to be the major urban core area in the Bulacan Sub-regional Growth Center, with other identified urban centers including Baliuag, San Jose del Monte, and Meycauayan.[2]

The South Sub-regional Growth Center cluster would be formed by new urban development[1] in Cavite, Laguna, and some parts of Batangas.[2]

Development efforts in this area would be focused on planned urban expansion in the form of affordable housing for informal settlers.[2] Calamba is projected to be the major urban core area in this sub-regional growth cluster, with other identified urban centers including San Pedro, Sta. Rosa, Biñan, Cabuyao, and San Pablo in Laguna, and Trece Martires and Tagaytay in Cavite.[2]

When the transport backbones are in place, the dream plan calls for the cargo-handling function of Metro Manila's ports to be shifted to Subic and Batangas,[1] which would be achieved by limiting the future expansion of the existing Manila ports and then providing incentives for shipping companies to use the Subic and Batangas ports. The dream plan also calls for the expansion of the Lucena seaport, complementing the load of the Batangas seaport.

The dream plan also proposes the development of two new gateway airports[1] - one in Clark which would serve as a gateway airport for the central and northern cluster, and a "New NAIA" which would be based outside of the existing urban area.

Before this "New NAIA" is in place, it proposes the improvement of the existing NAIA and the utilization of the Sangley point Runway. It also suggests the improvement of Clark, which would serve as an alternative to NAIA.[1]

Once the New NAIA is in place, it suggests that the current NAIA could be converted into a new central business district.[1]

Evolving from a plan first developed in the late 1970s,[2] Metro Manila's transport system currently follows a radial-circumferential system, with the City of Manila at its center and with Circumferential Road 5 (C-5) and Circumferential Road 6 (C-6) at its outer boundaries.[1] The Dream Plan takes the existing radial-circumferential system and proposes a ladder-form structure connecting the existing urban core with new urban centers along a north–south axis.[4]

The plan calls for the rehabilitation of the existing radial-circumferential system, and the completion of links in that system which for different reasons have never been built. Connections in need of completion most notably include the Pasig River connections of C3 and the southern linkages of C5 towards Cavite and the South Skyway. Major renovations most notably include those on EDSA.

The plan also calls for a transport backbone in the form of intra-city expressways that would connect NLEx with SLEx, decongesting traffic on non-toll highways in the existing metropolitan area by allowing north–south travel without having to pass through Manila streets, and by creating alternative routes for travelers who are willing to pay for faster flow of traffic. Also critical is the connection these expressways would create between the new gateway ports of the North and South Regional Growth centers proposed by the plan.[2]

The plan also calls for a transport backbone in the form of suburban railways, which would become the primary connector between Regional Growth Centers (Metro Manila, North, and South) and the Sub-Regional Growth Centers defined by peri-urban development north and south of Manila.

The at-grade roads component of the dream plan calls for the systematic expansion of Manila's main roads network, including:[2][4]

• The completion of missing links such as bridges or unfinished stretches of roads in the existing road networks, most notably the middle portion Circumferential Road 3 across the Pasig river, and the south portion Circumferential Road 5 connecting to the Metro Manila Skyway and to Cavite Coastal Road.[1]
• The creation of 137 km of new roads,
• Flyovers,
• Sidewalks and pedestrian facilities, and
• the expansion of secondary roads in periurban areas.

The plan defines[5] highways as the "main roads" that facilitate travel within the metro for the majority of residents, and distinguishes them from "Expressways", which will charge a toll.[1]

The plan intends for these toll expressways to decongest traffic on the main roads by providing an option to those road users willing to pay a toll fee in exchange for faster travel time.[4]

The plan calls for the construction of 426 km ofIntercity expressway, and 78 km of Urban expressway.[2]

The plan calls for the expansion of Manila's urban and suburban rail network.[4]

It proposes[2] a 246 km main rail network consisting of 6 lines, and a 72 km secondary rail network made up of 5 lines.

Another important aspect of this component of the dream plan is integrated lines and improved accessibility.[2]

Prominent projects under this component include:[1]

• A North-South Commuter Rail from Malolos to Calamba
• A significant expansion of existing rail lines and construction of new ones like:
  • Line 1 South Extension
  • Line 2 East and West Extensions
  • Line 4
  • Line 5 (Makati Subway)
  • Line 6
  • Line 7
  • Line 8
  • Line 9 (Metro Manila Subway)

The North-South Commuter Rail proposed by the dream plan will be a 180 km (110 mi) railway line with high capacity trains serving a route initially from Malolos City, Bulacan in Central Luzon to Calamba City, Laguna, in Calabarzon.[2] The Northern segment of the commuter rail is subdivided into two phases which are PNR North 1 or Tutuban-Malolos and PNR North 2 or Malolos-Clark.[2]

The plan calls for the rail to have no level crossings at main roads, and for at-grade freight long-haul trains be developed beneath the elevated railway.[2] It is expected that the creation of this rail line will promote urban growth along a north–south axis, further promoting the development of the North and South Regional Growth Centers.[2]

The Metro Manila Subway proposed by the dream plan will be a 58 km subway which will serve as a second north–south mass transit backbone for the newly expanded Greater Capital Region.[2]

Since its path hews close to much of EDSA, it is expected to dramatically improve mobility and accessibility along that critical route.[2] It is also expected that the creation of this subway line will promote urban growth along a north–south axis, further promoting the development of the North and South Regional Growth Centers.[2]

A preliminary study for the Metro Manila Subway was done during the course of the main Roadmap Study from 2013-2014, and the DPWH has announced that it expects to complete a master plan for the subway within 2015.[8]

The first 25-kilometer railway will have 12 stations, namely, Mindanao Avenue (Baesa area), Tandang Sora, North Avenue, Quezon Avenue, Anonas, Katipunan, Ortigas North, Ortigas South, Kalayaan Avenue, Bonifacio Global City, FTI and NAIA.[9]

The "road-based public transport" component of the dream plan concerns itself mostly with Buses and Jeepneys. It proposes:[2]

• The modernization of the vehicles and the system by which they are operated,
• A rationalization of the public transport route structure, and
• Improved terminals and interchange facilities

The traffic management component of the dream plan calls for[1] the modernization of:

• traffic engineering,
• traffic enforcement, and
• traffic education.

It also calls for the use of Intelligent Transport Services (ITS) such as Mobile navigation systems for commuters, Multi-story parking facilities, Park & Ride Facilities at rail stations, Community Use Bicycle Sharing, and so on.[2]

Projects under the short term program (2014-2016) of the dream plan's at-grade urban roads component include highways and secondary urban roads. A number of the projects identified in the short term program were actually already ongoing when the plan was approved by the NEDA, having already previously been identified as critical infrastructure projects.[4]

• Secondary Road Packages
• Preparatory Studies for Several Projects
• Other Central Luzon Road Projects (Ongoing)
• Other Southern Luzon Road Projects (Ongoing)

Projects under the short term program (2014-2016) of the dream plan's expressways include:[4]

It also calls for a "Metro Manila Central Business District Transit System Study."

Projects under the short term program (2014-2016) of the dream plan's road-based public transport component include:[4]

• Three Integrated Provincial Bus Terminals (IPBTs);
• Public Road Passenger Transport Reform Study;
• Bus Rapid Transit System 1; and
• Bus and Jeepney Modernization Programs

Specific aspects to be improved under the short term program (2014-2016) of the dream plan's traffic management strengthening component include intersection capacity, traffic control centers, pedestrian crossings, intelligent parking, incident detection, signal control systems, travel time prediction, road maintenance schedule and monitoring, transport priority, bus schedule assistance.[4]

The plan recommends a comprehensive traffic management study to cover these interconnected aspects of traffic management.[4]

The dream plan also includes[2] a short term action plan for the development of seaports and airports, which includes:

• The implementation of already-committed improvement packages for NAIA and Clark;
• The placement of a cap for the expansion of Manila seaports;
• The creation of an incentives system for diverting port activities to Batangas and Subic seaports; and
• The conduct of studies for
  • the development of a "New NAIA" and
  • the redevelopment of the Manila Port Area