East North Central states

The East North Central states form one of the nine geographic subdivisions within the United States which are officially recognized by the United States Census Bureau. These states are near the Great Lakes.

East North Central Region
Composition
Metropolitan areas
Largest cityChicago
Area
 • Total299,170 sq mi (774,800 km2)
Population
 (2010 est.)
 • Total46,421,564
 • Density160/sq mi (60/km2)

The division contains five states: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio and Wisconsin. It is one of two divisions used to categorize the region of the U.S. generally called the "Midwest"; the other such division is the West North Central states (The Great Plains States). The region closely matches the area of the Northwest Territory, excepting a portion of Minnesota.

The East North Central division is a large part of the Great Lakes region, although the latter also includes Minnesota, New York, Pennsylvania and the Canadian province of Ontario. It has a low rate of population growth and the estimated population as of 2019 is 46,902,431.[1] The region is part of the Great Lakes Megalopolis with an estimated 54 million people. The Great Lakes provide access to the Atlantic Ocean via the Great Lakes Waterway and St. Lawrence Seaway or by the Erie Canal and the Hudson River or via the Gulf of Mexico from the Mississippi River and the Illinois Waterway. Chicago and Detroit, two of the division's largest cities, are among the major ports of the United States.

Demographics

In 2010, the East North Central states (Great Lakes States) had a population of 46,421,564. This grew to an estimated 46,902,431 by 2019.[2] Illinois is the most populous state with 12,671,821 residents, while Wisconsin is the least populous state with 5,822,434 residents. Chicago is the region's most populous city and largest metropolitan area. According to the 2010 American Community Survey, 49.1% of the residents were male and 50.9% were female. Approximately 24.0% of the population were under 18 years of age, and 13.4% were over 65 years of age, and the median age for the region was 39.2.

In terms of race and ethnicity, White Americans made up 79.5% of the population, of which 75.7% were whites of non-Hispanic origin. Black Americans composed 12.1% of the region's population, of which 11.9% were blacks of non-Hispanic origin. American Indians and Alaskan Natives were 0.4% of the population and Asians were 2.7%. People who were of two or more races formed 2.1% of the population. And Hispanics and Latinos of any race made up 7.6%[3]

According to the 2010 Census, the top ten largest European ancestries were the following:[4]

German: 25.3 Irish: 12.5% English: 8.0 Polish: 6.5% Italian: 5.1% French and French Canadian: 3.5% Scandinavian: 3.5% (1.6% Norwegian, 1.5% Swedish and 0.4% Danish) Dutch: 2.4% Scottish: 1.6% Hungarian: 0.9%

States in the East North Central region
State2019 EstimateLand area
Illinois12,671,82157,915
Indiana6,732,21936,418
Michigan9,986,85796,716
Ohio11,689,10044,825
Wisconsin5,822,43465,497
Largest cities by population in the East North Central region
City2019 pop.
1Chicago, Illinois2,693,976
2Columbus, Ohio898,553
3Indianapolis, Indiana876,384
4Detroit, Michigan670,031
5Milwaukee, Wisconsin590,157
6Cleveland, Ohio381,009
7Cincinnati, Ohio303,940
8Toledo, Ohio272,779
9Fort Wayne, Indiana270,402
10Madison, Wisconsin259,680
Largest metropolitan areas by population in the East North Central region
MSA2019 pop.
1 Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI MSA 9,458,539
2 Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI MSA 4,319,629
3 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN MSA 2,221,208
4 Columbus, OH MSA 2,122,271
5 Indianapolis-Carmel-Anderson, IN MSA 2,074,537
6 Cleveland-Elyria, OH MSA 2,048,449
7 Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI MSA 1,575,179
8 Grand Rapids-Kentwood, MI MSA 1,077,370
9 Dayton-Kettering, OH MSA 807,611
10 Akron, OH MSA 703,479

Language

English is, by far, the most common language spoken at home. Approximately 89.3% of all residents (38.3 million people) over the age of five spoke only English at home. Roughly 2,516,000 people (5.9% of the population) spoke Spanish at home and roughly 2,016,000 people (5.8% of the population) spoke another languages at home. Around 270,000 (0.6%) spoke German at home, although this figure ranges from 2% to 37% in Northeast Ohio, which is home to a large Amish community.[5][6]

Politics
Parties
Democratic-RepublicanDemocraticWhigRepublicanProgressive
  • Bold denotes election winner.
Presidential electoral votes in the East North Central states since 1804
YearIllinoisIndianaMichiganOhioWisconsin
1804No electionNo electionNo electionJeffersonNo election
1808No electionNo electionNo electionMadisonNo election
1812No electionNo electionNo electionMadisonNo election
1816No electionMonroeNo electionMonroeNo election
1820MonroeMonroeNo electionMonroeNo election
1824JacksonJacksonNo electionClayNo election
1828JacksonJacksonNo electionJacksonNo election
1832JacksonJacksonNo electionJacksonNo election
1836Van BurenHarrisonVan BurenHarrisonNo election
1840Van BurenHarrisonHarrisonHarrisonNo election
1844PolkPolkPolkClayNo election
1848CassCassCassCassCass
1852PiercePiercePiercePiercePierce
1856BuchananBuchananFrémontFrémontFrémont
1860LincolnLincolnLincolnLincolnLincoln
1864LincolnLincolnLincolnLincolnLincoln
1868GrantGrantGrantGrantGrant
1872GrantGrantGrantGrantGrant
1876HayesTildenHayesHayesHayes
1880GarfieldGarfieldGarfieldGarfieldGarfield
1884BlaineClevelandBlaineBlaineBlaine
1888HarrisonHarrisonHarrisonHarrisonHarrison
1892ClevelandClevelandHarrisonHarrisonCleveland
1896McKinleyMcKinleyMcKinleyMcKinleyMcKinley
1900McKinleyMcKinleyMcKinleyMcKinleyMcKinley
1904RooseveltRooseveltRooseveltRooseveltRoosevelt
1908TaftTaftTaftTaftTaft
1912WilsonWilsonRooseveltWilsonWilson
1916HughesHughesHughesWilsonHughes
1920HardingHardingHardingHardingHarding
1924CoolidgeCoolidgeCoolidgeCoolidgeLa Follette
1928HooverHooverHooverHooverHoover
1932RooseveltRooseveltRooseveltRooseveltRoosevelt
1936RooseveltRooseveltRooseveltRooseveltRoosevelt
1940RooseveltWillkieWillkieRooseveltRoosevelt
1944RooseveltDeweyRooseveltDeweyDewey
1948TrumanDeweyDeweyTrumanTruman
1952EisenhowerEisenhowerEisenhowerEisenhowerEisenhower
1956EisenhowerEisenhowerEisenhowerEisenhowerEisenhower
1960KennedyNixonKennedyNixonNixon
1964JohnsonJohnsonJohnsonJohnsonJohnson
1968NixonNixonHumphreyNixonNixon
1972NixonNixonNixonNixonNixon
1976FordFordFordCarterCarter
1980ReaganReaganReaganReaganReagan
1984ReaganReaganReaganReaganReagan
1988BushBushBushBushDukakis
1992ClintonBushClintonClintonClinton
1996ClintonDoleClintonClintonClinton
2000GoreBushGoreBushGore
2004KerryBushKerryBushKerry
2008ObamaObamaObamaObamaObama
2012ObamaRomneyObamaObamaObama
2016ClintonTrumpTrumpTrumpTrump
2020BidenTrumpBidenTrumpBiden
YearIllinoisIndianaMichiganOhioWisconsin

References
  1. "Table 4".
  2. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". Archived from the original on 2015-01-04.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-03-05. Retrieved 2012-02-25.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". Archived from the original on 2020-02-12.
  5. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-08-15. Retrieved 2013-08-10.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-12-30. Retrieved 2012-07-29.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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