Foreign relations of the Czech Republic

The Czech Republic is a Central European country, a member of the European Union, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OSCE), the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the United Nations (and all of its main specialized agencies and boards). It entertains diplomatic relations with 191 countries of the world, around half of which maintain a resident embassy in the Czech capital city, Prague.[1]

Czech Republic
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Embassies (not consulates) of the Czech Republic in the world.

During the years 1948–1989, the foreign policy of Czechoslovakia had followed that of the Soviet Union. Since the revolution and the subsequent mutually-agreed peaceful dissolution of Czechoslovakia into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, the Czechs have made reintegration with Western institutions their chief foreign policy objective. This goal was rapidly met with great success, as the nation joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004, and held the Presidency of the European Union during the first half of 2009.

International disputes

Liechtenstein

Throughout the past decades, Liechtenstein continuously claimed restitution for 1,600 km2 (620 sq mi), or an area roughly ten times the size of Liechtenstein, of land currently located in the Czech Republic. The land was partially confiscated from the Liechtenstein family in 1918 with the rest of the property being confiscated in 1945 after the expulsion of Germans and confiscation of German property. The Czech Republic insisted that it could not acknowledge or be responsible for claims going back to before February 1948, when the Communists had seized power.

As a result, Liechtenstein did not diplomatically recognize the existence of the Czech Republic as a new state (and, for that matter, also that of the Slovak Republic) until 2009.

In July 2009, the Prince of Liechtenstein announced he was resigning to the previous unsuccessful claims to property located in the Czech Republic, and on 13 July 2009, after politically recognizing one another, the Czech Republic and Liechtenstein formally established diplomatic relations.[2][3]

Placement of US National Missile Defense base

In February 2007, the US started formal negotiations with Czech Republic and Poland concerning construction of missile shield installations in those countries for a Ground-based Midcourse Defense System.[4] Government of the Czech Republic agrees (while 67% Czechs disagree and only about 22% support it)[5] to host a missile defense radar on its territory while a base of missile interceptors is supposed to be built in Poland. The objective is reportedly to protect another parts of US National Missile Defense from long-range missile strikes from Iran and North Korea, but Czech PM Mirek Topolánek said the main reason is to avoid Russian influence and strengthen ties to US.[6]

The main government supporter Alexandr Vondra, Deputy Prime Minister for European affairs, used to be an ambassador to the USA. More problematic is that between 2004 and 2006 he was an executive director of a lobbying company Dutko Worldwide Prague. Dutko's and its strategic partner AMI Communications (PR company) customers are Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Nortrop Grumman, which are largest contractors for NMD development.[7][8] AMI Communications also received (without a formal selection procedure) a government contract to persuade Czechs to support US radar base.

Bilateral relations

Africa
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Algeria
  • Algeria has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Algiers.
 Cape Verde

Czech Republic is represented in Cape-Verde by its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal[9][10] and an honorary consulate in Praia.[11]

 Egypt
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Cairo.
  • Egypt has an embassy in Prague.
 Ethiopia
  • Ethiopia is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Addis Ababa.
 Guinea-Bissau1973
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1973 (with Czechoslovakia) and in 1993.[12]
  • Czech Republic is represented in Guinea-Bissau by its embassy in Accra, Ghana.[13][14]
 KenyaSee Czech Republic–Kenya relations
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Nairobi.
  • Kenya is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in The Hague, Netherlands.
 Libya1993See Czech Republic–Libya relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Tripoli.
  • Libya has a consulate in Prague.
 Morocco
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Rabat.
  • Morocco has an embassy in Prague.
 Nigeria
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Abuja.
  • Nigeria has an embassy in Prague.
 South Africa
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Pretoria.
  • South Africa has an embassy in Prague.

Americas
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Argentina
  • Argentina has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Buenos Aires.
 Belize
  • The Czech Republic is represented in Belize through its embassy in Mexico City[15] and has an honorary consulate.[16]
  • Belize has an honorary consulate in Prague.[17]
 Brazil1918See Brazil–Czech Republic relations
  • Brazil has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Brasília and a consulate-general in São Paulo.
 CanadaSee Canada–Czech Republic relations
  • Canada has an embassy in Praha
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Ottawa and a consulate-general in Toronto and an honorary consulate in Calgary.
 Chile
  • Chile has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Santiago.
 ColombiaSee Colombia–Czech Republic relations
 Cuba
  • Cuba has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Havana.
 Guyana1 January 1993

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1993.[18]

 Mexico1922See Czech Republic–Mexico relations

Diplomatic relations between Czechoslovakia and Mexico were established in 1922. Mexico re-recognized Czech independence in 1993 after its separation with Slovakia.

 Peru
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Lima.
  • Peru has an embassy in Prague.
 United StatesSee Czech Republic–United States relations

U.S. President Woodrow Wilson and the United States played a major role in the establishment of Czechoslovakia on 28 October 1918.

 UruguaySee Czech Republic–Uruguay relations
  • The Czech Republic is accredited to Uruguay from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina.[23]
  • Uruguay is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.[24]
 Venezuela
  • Czech Republic is accredited to Venezuela from its embassy in Bogotá, Colombia.
  • Venezuela is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.

Asia
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Armenia30 March 1992
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Prague.
 AzerbaijanSee Foreign relations of Azerbaijan
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Baku.
 China6 October 1949See China–Czech Republic relations
 Georgia1 January 1993
 IndiaSee Czech Republic–India relations
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in New Delhi.[27]
  • Consulate of Czech Republic in India at Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata.
  • India has an embassy in Prague.[28]
 Indonesia

See Czech Republic–Indonesia relations

 Iran30 April 1929See Czech Republic–Iran relations
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Tehran.[29]
  • Iran has an embassy in Prague.[30]
 Iraq1993

See Czech Republic–Kurdistan Region relations

 Israel3 July 1948See Czech Republic–Israel relations

The government of Czechoslovakia recognised independence of Israel 5 days after its declaration on 19 May 1948. Diplomatic relations between both countries were established on 3 July 1948. Czechoslovakia supported with military aircraft and weapons newly created Israeli state for several months, however then-new communist government ceased this support and in few years even the diplomatic relations were broken. Communist regime did spread anti-Israeli propaganda, like all then socialist countries. After the Velvet revolution, the relations were renewed. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Tel Aviv and 4 honorary consulates (in Eilat, Haifa, Jerusalem and Ramat Gan).[33] Israel has an embassy in Prague.[34]

In December 2008 the Czech Air Force wanted to train in desert conditions for the upcoming mission in Afghanistan. No country agreed to help, except Israel. Israel saw it as an opportunity to thank the Czechs for training Israeli pilots when the country was first established.[35]

There are 3,000 Jews living in the Czech Republic (see also History of the Jews in the Czech Republic).

 Japan1919

See Czech Republic–Japan relations

  • Japan's first Minister Plenipotentiary to Czechoslovakia was Harukazu Nagaoka[36]
  • Relations between Czechoslovakia and Japan were broken off in 1939, and not re-established until 1957[37][38]
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Tokyo and an honorary consulate in Kobe.
  • Japan has an embassy in Prague.[39]
 Kazakhstan See Czech Republic–Kazakhstan relations
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Nur-Sultan and a branch office of the embassy in Almaty.[40]
  • Kazakhstan has an embassy in Prague and an honorary consulate in Jaroměř.[41]
 Malaysia See Czech Republic–Malaysia relations
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur.[42]
  • Malaysia has an embassy in Prague.[43]
  • Following the establishment of relations with the Soviet Union in 1968, Malaysia also expanded its relations with Czech Republic and other Eastern European countries.[44]
 Mongolia1992 See Czech Republic–Mongolia relations
  • After the 1992 dissolution of Czechoslovakia, Mongolia reaffirmed its relations with the newly formed Czech Republic in 1993.[45]
  • The Embassy of the Czech Republic in Ulaanbaatar was formally reopened in 1999.[46]
 North Korea
 Pakistan27 September 1950

See Pakistan-Czech Republic relations

  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Islamabad and two honorary consulates in Lahore and Karachi.[48]
  • Pakistan has an embassy in Prague.[49]
  • On 20 September 2008 the Czech Republic's ambassador to Pakistan, Ivo Žďárek, was killed in a deadly blast at the Marriott Hotel in Islamabad.[50]
 Philippines

See Czech Republic–Philippines relations

  • The current diplomatic relationship of the Czech Republic and the Philippines has its roots to the friendship of Filipino national hero José Rizal and Ferdinand Blumentritt even neither countries existed yet back in the 19th century. Rizal visited Blumentritt in the city of Litomerice, Bohemia (present day Czech Republic) in 1887. According to Filipino Foreign secretary Albert del Rosario, the friendship between the two men served as the foundation of the current bilateral ties between the two countries.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Manila.
  • Philippines has an embassy in Prague.
 Palestine
  • Despite Czech Republic's strong relations with Israel, the two countries maintain cordial diplomatic relations. The country is one of the few EU nations to be on good terms with Palestine.
  • Palestine has an embassy in Prague
  • Czech Republic has a diplomatic office in Ramallah.
 Saudi Arabia
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Riyadh.
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Prague.
 South Korea22 March 1990[51] See Czech Republic–South Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Czech Republic and the Republic of Korea (South Korea) began on 22 March 1990.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Prague since 1990.[52]
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Seoul since 1991.[53]
  • There is also the Czech Info Center in Seoul.
  • The Czech Republic has a Working Holiday Program Agreement with South Korea It was at the first time with a country of the Asia.
 Taiwan See Czech Republic–Taiwan relations[54]
 Turkey1924[57] See Czech Republic–Turkey relations
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate-general in Istanbul.
  • Turkey has en embassy in Prague.
  • Both are members of NATO[58]
 United Arab Emirates
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Prague.
 Vietnam2 February 1950 See Czech Republic–Vietnam relations
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Prague.

Europe
Country Formal relations began Notes
 AlbaniaSee Albania–Czech Republic relations

The multi-national Communist armed forces' sole joint action was the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in August 1968. All member countries, with the exception of the People's Republic of Albania and the Socialist Republic of Romania participated in the invasion. Albania formally withdrew from the Warsaw Pact in 1968 over the matter.[59]

  • Albania has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Tirana.
 AustriaSee Austria–Czech Republic relations
  • Austria has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Vienna.

Both countries are full members of the European Union. They share 362 km (225 mi) of common border, which can be crossed anywhere without border control due to the Schengen Agreement.

 BelarusSee Belarus–Czech Republic relations
  • Belarus has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Minsk.
 Belgium
  • Belgium has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Brussels.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Sarajevo.
 BulgariaSee Bulgaria–Czech Republic relations

Diplomatic relations between Bulgaria and Czechoslovakia were established on 27 September 1920, they were severed on 1 June 1939 and were restored on 10 October 1945. On 23 December 1992 Bulgaria recognised the Czech Republic and established diplomatic relations with it at the level of embassies as of 1 January 1993.

  • Bulgaria has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Sofia.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
 CroatiaSee Croatia–Czech Republic relations
  • Croatia has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Zagreb.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
 CyprusSee Cyprus–Czech Republic relations
  • Cyprus has an embassy in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Nicosia.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 DenmarkSee Czech Republic–Denmark relations
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Copenhagen and an honorary consulate in Højbjerg.[60]
  • Denmark has an embassy in Prague.[61]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
 Estonia1920s
 Finland1 January 1993
 France

See Czech Republic–France relations

  • The first diplomatic contacts date back from the Middle Ages. France has been the first country to recognize Czechoslovakia on 28 October 1918.
  • The two countries concluded a treaty of Alliance on 25 January 1924.[65]
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Paris and four honorary consulates (in Lille, Lyon, Nancy, and Nantes).[66]
  • France has an embassy in Prague.[67]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union. Since 1999, Czech Republic is an observer in the Francophonie.
  • French Foreign Ministry about relations with the Czech Republic
 Germany See Czech Republic–Germany relations
  • Both countries share 815 km (506 mi) of common borders.
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Berlin, three general consulates (in Bonn, Dresden and Munich), and 6 honorary consulates (in Dortmund, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Nürnberg, Rostock and Stuttgart).
  • Germany has an embassy in Prague.
 Greece1 January 1993See Czech Republic–Greece relations
 Hungary1 January 1993
  • Before 1918, both countries were part of Austria–Hungary.
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Budapest.[70]
  • Hungary has an embassy in Prague.[71]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
 Iceland1 January 1993See Czech Republic–Iceland relations
  • Neither country has a resident embassy.
  • The Czech Republic is accredited to Iceland from its embassy in Oslo, Norway and maintains an honorary consulate in Reykjavík.
  • Iceland is accredited to the Czech Republic through its embassy in Vienna, Austria and maintains an honorary consulate in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO, of the Council of Europe and of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
 Ireland1929
 Italy
 Kosovo[a]2008 See Czech Republic–Kosovo relations
 Latvia9 September 1991
 Liechtenstein13 July 2009
  • Czech Republic is accredited to Liechtenstein from its embassy in Bern, Switzerland.
  • Liechtenstein is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Vienna, Austria.
 Lithuania5 January 1922
 Luxembourg
 Malta
  • The Czech Republic is accredited to Malta from its embassy in Rome, Italy and maintains an honorary consulate in Valletta.[86]
  • Malta is accredited to the Czech Republic from a non-resident ambassador based at the Foreign Ministry at Valletta.[87]
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
 MoldovaSee Czech Republic–Moldova relations
 MontenegroSee Czech Republic–Montenegro relations
 Netherlands13 November 1919
 North MacedoniaSee Czech Republic–North Macedonia relations
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Skopje.
  • North Macedonia has an embassy in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of NATO.
 Norway
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Oslo.
  • Norway has an embassy in Prague.
 PolandSee Poland–Czech Republic relations

Both countries are full members of the European Union. They share 796 km (495 mi) of common border, which can be crossed anywhere without border control due to the Schengen Agreement.

  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Warsaw and a consulate-general in Katowice.
  • Poland has an embassy in Prague and a consulate-general in Ostrava.
 Portugal
 Romania6 April 1919
  • After the splitting of Czechoslovakia, the Czech Republic and Romania established diplomatic relation on 18 December 1992.
  • The Czech Republic has an embassy in Bucharest.[90]
  • Romania has an embassy in Prague.[91]
  • Both countries are full members of NATO and of the European Union.
 RussiaSee Czech Republic–Russia relations

The present day relations between the two countries are at their best, and many agreements have been signed. Russia also has further reduced its oil deliveries to the Czech Republic.

 Serbia1918
 Slovakia1 January 1993See Czech Republic–Slovakia relations

Before 1918, both countries were part of Austria–Hungary, and between 1918 and 1 January 1993, both countries were part of Czechoslovakia.

  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Bratislava.
  • Slovakia has an embassy in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
 Slovenia
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Ljubljana.
  • Slovenia has an embassy in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
 SpainSee Czech Republic–Spain relations
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union and NATO.
 Sweden
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden has an embassy in Prague.
  • Both countries are full members of the European Union.
  Switzerland
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Bern.
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Prague.
 Turkey1924
  • See Turkey in Asia Above
 Ukraine
 United KingdomSee Czech Republic–United Kingdom relations

HM Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom paid a state visit to the Czech Republic in March 1996.[100]

Oceania
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Australia
  • Australia is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Warsaw, Poland and has a consulate in Prague.
  • Czech Republic has an embassy in Canberra and a consulate-general in Sydney.
 New Zealand
  • Czech Republic is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
  • New Zealand is accredited to the Czech Republic from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.

Multilateral relations

Notes
a.   ^ Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008. Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the 2013 Brussels Agreement. Kosovo is currently recognized as an independent state by 98 out of the 193 United Nations member states. In total, 113 UN member states recognized Kosovo at some point, of which 15 later withdrew their recognition.

See also

References
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