Bourke Shire

The Bourke LGA (local government area) was traditionally home to around fifteen Aboriginal groups. The people of the region were traditionally hunter-gatherers as well as seed harvesters, who managed the environment. These traditional landowners have been identified as belonging to five main groups, the Ngiyampaa, Barranbinya, Paruntji, Naualko, and Muruwari peoples. Aboriginal people consulted for a 2019 Aboriginal heritage study identified the Bourke LGA as the traditional country of the Barkindji people, Bardaji people, Murrawari (Muruwari) people, Nyemba (Ngiyampaa) people, and Nyirrpa people, who each occupied different areas. The boundaries of the land they occupied were defined largely by rivers, landforms, and areas of access to seasonal environmental resources.[3]

Bourke Shire includes Bourke and the very small outback towns of Byrock, Enngonia, Fords Bridge, Wanaaring and Louth.

According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics during 2003–04 there:[4]

• were 1,062 wage and salary earners (ranked 141st in New South Wales and 457th in Australia, less than 0.1% of both New South Wales's 2,558,415 and Australia's 7,831,856)
• was a total income of $36 million (ranked 137th in New South Wales and 449th in Australia, less than 0.1% of both New South Wales's $107 billion and Australia's $304 billion)
• was an estimated average income per wage and salary earner of $33,611 (ranked 88th in New South Wales and 298th in Australia, 81% of New South Wales's $41,407 and 87% of Australia's $38,820)
• was an estimated median income per wage and salary earner of $32,426 (ranked 71st in New South Wales and 235th in Australia, 91% of New South Wales's $35,479 and 95% of Australia's $34,149).

Selected historical census data for Bourke Shire local government area
Census year			2011[5]	2016[1]
Population		Estimated residents on census night	2,868	2,634
		LGA rank in terms of size within New South Wales	122nd	125th
		% of New South Wales population	0.04%	0.04%
		% of Australian population	0.01%	0.01%
Cultural and language diversity
Ancestry, top responses		Australian	38.3%	39.4%
		English	23.8%	22.1%
		Irish	7.8%	7.1%
		Australian Aboriginal	4.0%	4.7%
		Scottish	5.1%	4.2%
Language, top responses (other than English)		Nepali	n/c	0.7%
		Tok Pisin (Neomelanesian)	n/c	0.3%
		Spanish	n/c	0.2%
		Arabic	n/c	0.2%
		Urdu	0.1%	0.2%
Religious affiliation
Religious affiliation, top responses		Catholic	41.5%	36.5%
		Not stated	n/c	20.1%
		Anglican	21.1%	17.7%
		No religion	8.6%	12.7%
		Presbyterian and Reformed	4.5%	3.6%
Median weekly incomes
Personal income		Median weekly personal income	A$600	A$719
		% of Australian median income	104.0%	108.6%
Family income		Median weekly family income	A$1238	A$1562
		% of Australian median income	83.6%	90.1%
Household income		Median weekly household income	A$1085	A$1243
		% of Australian median income	87.9%	86.4%

In 1884, Sid 'Combo' Ross set a record by shearing nine lambs in nine minutes.[8]

Scottish-Australian poet balladeer Will. H. Ogilvie worked on Belalie Station on the Warrego River, composed many of his poems in the 1890s. Belalie is between the township of Enngonia (formerly Eringunia) and the Queensland border.