City of Newcastle

Following the passing of the Municipalities Act 1858 by the New South Wales parliament, the Municipality of Newcastle was proclaimed on 7 June 1859. The new Municipality was divided into three wards - City, Macquarie, and Honeysuckle.[13] Eight years later, the Municipalities Act 1867 classified the Newcastle Municipality as a "Borough".[14]

The Greater Newcastle Act 1937 merged the City of Newcastle with 10 of its suburban municipalities to form the City of Greater Newcastle. The Act also transferred parts of the Lake Macquarie Shire and Tarro Shire to the new city.[15] The amalgamations and transfers took effect from 2 April 1938.[16]

The newly created City of Greater Newcastle was subsequently renamed to City of Newcastle on 23 March 1949.[17]

After a 2015 review of local government boundaries by the NSW Government Independent Pricing and Regulatory Tribunal found that Newcastle City Council was not "fit for the future", it was recommended that the City of Newcastle merge with Lake Macquarie City Council.[19] However, the Minister for Local Government subsequently proposed that Newcastle City Council instead merge with Port Stephens Council to form a new council with an area of 1,045 km² (403 sq mi) and support a population of approximately 230,000.[20] The outcome of an independent review was completed by mid–2016. On 14 February 2017, the NSW Government announced it would not be proceeding with further regional council mergers, including the Newcastle City Council and Port Stephens Council merger.[21]

At the 2016 census, there were 155,411 people in the City of Newcastle local government area, of these 49.3 per cent were male and 50.7 per cent were female. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 3.5 per cent of the population, which was higher than the national and state averages of 2.9 and 2.9 per cent. The median age of people in the City of Newcastle was 37 years, just below the national median of 38. Children aged 0 – 14 years made up 16.9 per cent of the population and people aged 65 years and over made up 16 per cent of the population. Of people in the area aged 15 years and over, 40.7 per cent were married and 15.4 per cent were either divorced or separated.[1]

Population growth in the City of Newcastle between the 2001 census and the 2006 census was 3.91 per cent; and in the subsequent ten years to the 2016 census, population growth was 9.64 per cent. When compared with total population growth of Australia for the same periods, being 5.78 per cent and 17.86 per cent respectively, population growth in the City of Newcastle local government area was significantly lower than the national average.[22][23][1] The median weekly income for residents within the City of Newcastle was marginally lower than the national average.[1]

At the 2016 census, over 80% of residents in the City of Newcastle local government area stated their country of birth as Australia significantly exceeding the national average of 66.7%. Almost 60% of all residents in the City of Newcastle nominated a religion with Catholicism being at almost 25%, which was slightly higher than the national average of 22.6%. As at the 2016 census, households in the City of Newcastle local government area had a significantly lower than average proportion (11.6%) where a language other than English is spoken (national average was 22.2%).[1]

Selected historical census data for the City of Newcastle local government area
Census year			2001[22]	2006[23]	2011[3]	2016[1]
Population		Estimated residents on Census night	136,413	141,753	148,535	155,411
		LGA rank in terms of size within New South Wales				18th
		% of New South Wales population			2.15%	2.08%
		% of Australian population	0.73%	0.71%	0.69%	0.66%
Cultural and language diversity
Ancestry, top responses		English			29.2%	29.3%
		Australian			30.4%	27.7%
		Irish			8.9%	9.6%
		Scottish			8.0%	8.3%
		German			2.9%	3.0%
Language, top responses (other than English)		Mandarin	n/c	0.4%	0.6%	1.2%
		Macedonian	1.1%	0.9%	0.8%	0.7%
		Italian	0.9%	0.7%	0.7%	0.5%
		Greek	0.7%	0.7%	0.6%	0.5%
		Arabic	n/c	n/c	0.4%	0.5%
Religious affiliation
Religious affiliation, top responses		No Religion	12.7%	16.3%	22.6%	32.8%
		Catholic	26.6%	26.1%	25.3%	22.2%
		Anglican	27.0%	25.0%	22.3%	17.0%
		Uniting Church	8.2%	7.0%	5.9%	4.2%
		Presbyterian and Reformed	4.1%	3.5%	3.2%
Median weekly incomes
Personal income		Median weekly personal income		A$409	A$563	A$660
		% of Australian median income		87.8%	97.6%	99.7%
Family income		Median weekly family income		A$1,132	A$1,530	A$1,778
		% of Australian median income		96.7%	103.3%	102.5%
Household income		Median weekly household income		A$885	A$1,165	A$1,368
		% of Australian median income		86.2%	94.4%	95.1%
Dwelling structure
Dwelling type		Separate house	74.6%	73.3%	73.5%	71.1%
		Semi-detached, terrace or townhouse	10.0%	10.9%	12.1%	15.4%
		Flat or apartment	14.1%	14.9%	13.9%	12.7%

Newcastle Council has sister city relations with the following cities:

City	Prefecture/State	Country	Year
Ube	Yamaguchi	Japan	1980
Dubbo	New South Wales	Australia	1995
Arcadia	California	United States

• Docherty, James (1977). The Second City: Social and Urban Change in Newcastle, New South Wales 1900 - c. 1929 (PDF) (Thesis). Australian National University. Retrieved 30 November 2018.