TAAR5

Trace amine-associated receptor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAAR5 gene.[5][6][7] In vertebrates, TAAR5 is expressed in the olfactory epithelium.[8]

TAAR5
Identifiers
AliasesTAAR5, PNR, trace amine associated receptor 5
External IDsOMIM: 607405 MGI: 2685073 HomoloGene: 20850 GeneCards: TAAR5
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 6 (human)[1]
Band6q23.2Start132,588,673 bp[1]
End132,589,686 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

9038

215854

Ensembl

ENSG00000135569

ENSMUSG00000069706

UniProt

O14804

Q5QD14

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003967

NM_001009574

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003958

NP_001009574

Location (UCSC)Chr 6: 132.59 – 132.59 MbChr 10: 23.97 – 23.97 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Human TAAR5 (hTAAR5) is a functional trace amine-associated receptor which acts as an olfactory receptor for tertiary amines.[8][9] Trimethylamine and N,N-dimethylethylamine are full agonists of hTAAR5.[9][10][11] The amber-woody fragrance timberol antagonizes this activity of trimethylamine.[12] 3-Iodothyronamine is an inverse agonist of hTAAR5.[13][14]

See also

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000135569 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000069706 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Zeng Z, Fan P, Rand E, Kyaw H, Su K, Madike V, Carter KC, Li Y (March 1998). "Cloning of a putative human neurotransmitter receptor expressed in skeletal muscle and brain". Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 242 (3): 575–8. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.7591. PMID 9464258.
  6. Lindemann L, Ebeling M, Kratochwil NA, Bunzow JR, Grandy DK, Hoener MC (February 2005). "Trace amine-associated receptors form structurally and functionally distinct subfamilies of novel G protein-coupled receptors". Genomics. 85 (3): 372–85. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.11.010. PMID 15718104.
  7. "Entrez Gene: TAAR5 trace amine associated receptor 5".
  8. Liberles SD (2015). "Trace amine-associated receptors: ligands, neural circuits, and behaviors". Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 34: 1–7. doi:10.1016/j.conb.2015.01.001. PMC 4508243. PMID 25616211. All TAARs except TAAR1 function as olfactory receptors, based on studies in rodent, primate, and fish [4,7,10]. TAAR expression is highly enriched in the olfactory system by quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis, with little or no expression in other tissues examined [4].
  9. Zhang LS, Davies SS (April 2016). "Microbial metabolism of dietary components to bioactive metabolites: opportunities for new therapeutic interventions". Genome Med. 8 (1): 46. doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0296-x. PMC 4840492. PMID 27102537.
    Table 2: Microbial metabolites: their synthesis, mechanisms of action, and effects on health and disease
    Figure 1: Molecular mechanisms of action of indole and its metabolites on host physiology and disease
  10. Wallrabenstein I, Kuklan J, Weber L, Zborala S, Werner M, Altmüller J, Becker C, Schmidt A, Hatt H, Hummel T, Gisselmann G (2013). "Human trace amine-associated receptor TAAR5 can be activated by trimethylamine". PLOS ONE. 8 (2): e54950. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...854950W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054950. PMC 3564852. PMID 23393561.
  11. Zhang J, Pacifico R, Cawley D, Feinstein P, Bozza T (February 2013). "Ultrasensitive detection of amines by a trace amine-associated receptor". J. Neurosci. 33 (7): 3228–39. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4299-12.2013. PMC 3711460. PMID 23407976. We show that [human TAAR5] responds to the tertiary amine N,N-dimethylethylamine and to a lesser extent to trimethylamine, a structurally related agonist for mouse and rat TAAR5 (Liberles and Buck, 2006; Staubert et al., 2010; Ferrero et al., 2012).
  12. Wallrabenstein I, Singer M, Panten J, Hatt H, Gisselmann G (2015). "Timberol® Inhibits TAAR5-Mediated Responses to Trimethylamine and Influences the Olfactory Threshold in Humans". PLOS ONE. 10 (12): e0144704. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1044704W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144704. PMC 4684214. PMID 26684881. While mice produce gender-specific amounts of urinary TMA levels and were attracted by TMA, this odor is repellent to rats and aversive to humans [19], indicating that there must be species-specific functions. ... Furthermore, a homozygous knockout of murine TAAR5 abolished the attraction behavior to TMA [19]. Thus, it is concluded that TAAR5 itself is sufficient to mediate a behavioral response at least in mice. ... Whether the TAAR5 activation by TMA elicits specific behavioral output like avoidance behavior in humans still needs to be examined.
  13. Dinter J, Mühlhaus J, Wienchol CL, Yi CX, Nürnberg D, Morin S, Grüters A, Köhrle J, Schöneberg T, Tschöp M, Krude H, Kleinau G, Biebermann H (2015). "Inverse agonistic action of 3-iodothyronamine at the human trace amine-associated receptor 5". PLOS ONE. 10 (2): e0117774. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1017774D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0117774. PMC 4382497. PMID 25706283.
  14. Khan MZ, Nawaz W (October 2016). "The emerging roles of human trace amines and human trace amine-associated receptors (hTAARs) in central nervous system". Biomed. Pharmacother. 83: 439–449. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.07.002. PMID 27424325.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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