Dearborn County, Indiana

The western boundary of Ohio had been determined by the Greenville Treaty Line of 1795. In 1803 a wedge, or pie shaped, piece of land in Hamilton County east of the treaty line along Ohio's southwestern border was ceded to the Indiana Territory. It was nicknamed "The Gore," and became Dearborn County. All or part of seven other present day counties were carved from the original county with the present boundaries being established in 1845. The "Gore" area slices through the present-day counties of Dearborn, Franklin, Ohio, Randolph, Switzerland, Union, Wayne and Fayette.[3] Subdivision of Dearborn County began in 1811 with the formation of Franklin and Wayne Counties, followed by Switzerland in 1814.[3]

It was named for Gen. Henry Dearborn.[4] Dearborn was U.S. Secretary of War at the time the county was named. Early growth was centered on Lawrenceburg which was an important railroad junction connecting two of the regions major rail lines.[5]

Lawrenceburg was then designated as the county seat. A contention existed between the towns of Lawrenceburg and the mostly by germanspeaking immigrants dominated Rising Sun over that designation. The rivalry between the two towns was resolved in 1844 when the Indiana State legislature separated the portion of Dearborn County south of Laughery Creek and created the new county of Ohio on March 1, 1844, with Rising Sun designated as its county seat.[6]

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 307.42 square miles (796.2 km²), of which 305.03 square miles (790.0 km²) (or 99.22%) is land and 2.38 square miles (6.2 km²) (or 0.77%) is water.[7] Part of the southeastern county line is formed by the Ohio River.

Dearborn County contains the Perfect North Slopes ski resort.[8]

At the 2010 United States Census, there were 50,047 people, 18,743 households and 13,773 families residing in the county.[15] The population density was 164.1 inhabitants per square mile (63.4/km²). There were 20,171 housing units at an average density of 66.1 per square mile (25.5/km²).[7] The racial makeup of the county was 97.5% white, 0.6% black or African American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 0.3% from other races, and 1.0% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.0% of the population.[15] In terms of ancestry, 46.5% were German, 19.2% were Irish, 11.4% were English, and 7.8% were American.[16]

Of the 18,743 households, 35.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.5% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 26.5% were non-families, and 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.07. The median age was 40.0 years.[15]

The median household income was $47,697 and the median family income was $66,561. Males had a median income of $45,270 and females $33,353. The per capita income was $25,023. About 4.5% of families and 7.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.[17]

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The county council is the legislative branch of the county government and controls all the spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected from county districts. The council members serve four-year terms. They are responsible for setting salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council also has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.[18][19]

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county is made of a board of commissioners. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered terms, and each serves a four-year term. One of the commissioners, typically the most senior, serves as president. The commissioners are charged with executing the acts legislated by the council, collecting revenue, and managing the day-to-day functions of the county government.[18][19]

Court: Dearborn County's courts consist of a Circuit Court, presided over by the Honorable James Humphrey (shared with Ohio County in the only such arrangement in the state[20]) and two Superior Courts, the Honorable Jonathan Cleary, presiding over Dearborn County Superior Court No. 1 and the Honorable Sally McLaughlin, presiding over Dearborn County z Superior Court No. 2. Judges are elected to six-year terms. Lawrenceburg also has City Courts, presided over by the Honorable Joseph R. Johns. The Lawrenceburg City Court Judge serves a four-year term.

County Officials: The county has several other elected offices, including sheriff, prosecuting attorney, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. Each of these elected officers serves a term of four years and oversees a different part of county government. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare a party affiliation and to be residents of the county.[19]

Dearborn County is part of Indiana's 6th congressional district; Indiana Senate district 43;[21] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 55 and 68.[22]

• Nick Goepper professional slopestyle skier, two-time winter Olympic medalist
• Erwin "Cannonball" Baker, motorcycle and auto racer, 1989 inductee in Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
• John Whiteaker, first state Governor of Oregon from 1859 until 1862 and Oregon's Congressman from 1879 to 1881
• Jim Lyttle, professional baseball player
• Lonnie Mack, influential guitar soloist of early rock 'n' roll
• Wet Blanket, post-punk/art-punk/grunge band from Aurora

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Dearborn County, Indiana

• Official website