Gibson County, Indiana

Gibson County is a county in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 33,503.[1] The county seat is Princeton.[2]

For the county in Tennessee, see Gibson County, Tennessee.
Gibson County
U.S. county
SE face of the Gibson County Courthouse in Princeton (built 1884) and the Civil War monument (1912)
Location within the U.S. state of Indiana
Indiana's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°19′N 87°35′W
Country United States
State Indiana
Founded1 April 1813
Named forJohn Gibson
SeatPrinceton
Largest cityPrinceton
Area
 • Total499.16 sq mi (1,292.8 km2)
 • Land487.49 sq mi (1,262.6 km2)
 • Water11.68 sq mi (30.3 km2)  2.34%%
Population
 • Estimate 
(2018)
33,452
 • Density68.6/sq mi (26.5/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district8th
WebsiteGibson County, Indiana
 
  • Indiana county number 26
  • Seventh largest county in Indiana
  • Seventh oldest county in Indiana

Gibson County is included in the Evansville, Indiana–Kentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History

In 1787, the fledgling United States defined the Northwest Territory, which included the area of present-day Indiana. In 1800, Congress separated Ohio from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the Indiana Territory.[3] President Thomas Jefferson chose William Henry Harrison as the territory's first governor, and Vincennes was established as the territorial capital.[4] After the Michigan Territory was separated and the Illinois Territory was formed, Indiana was reduced to its current size and geography.[3] By December 1816 the Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as a state.

Starting in 1794, Native American titles to Indiana lands were extinguished by usurpation, purchase, or war and treaty. The United States acquired land from the Native Americans in the 1804 Treaty of Vincennes, which included the future Gibson County. Settlers had been pouring into the extreme SE part of the Indiana Territory starting in 1789, and by 1813 there was sufficient to form a local governing body. The area included in present-day Gibson County had been first placed under the jurisdiction of Knox County, formed in 1790. Parts of that extremely large county were partitioned off in 1801 to create Clark, in 1808 to create Harrison, in 1810 to create Jefferson and Wayne, and in 1811 to create Franklin counties. On 1 April 1813 the Territorial legislature authorized partitioning a further large section of Knox to create Gibson County. The boundaries of this new county were reduced that same month (30 April 1813) to create Warrick; in 1814 to create Perry and Posey; in 1816 to create Pike; and finally in 1818 to create Vanderburgh counties.

The first white settler of the future Gibson County was John Severns, a native of Wales who had come with his parents to North America several years before the Revolutionary War. He settled in Gibson County in 1789–90 on the south bank of the Patoka River at a place now known as Severns Bridge. Another early Gibson County settler was William Hargrove, who came from Kentucky by pack mule in 1803; Captain Hargrove commanded a company of militia from Gibson County at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.

Indiana Map of Counties on April 1, 1813.

The Rev. Joseph Milburn and his son Robert also arrived in 1803. They settled near Princeton, between the Patoka and White Rivers. The Milburns were from the area of Washington County, Kentucky. Rev. Milburn, a Baptist, established the first church; Robert established the first distillery in Indiana.

In 1805, Jacob Warrick arrived, along with his father-in-law, Thomas Montgomery. They burned out the last Native American village in 1807, chasing the inhabitants into the Illinois Territory. Captain Warrick was killed at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811.

Gibson County was named for John Gibson, an officer in the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War.[5][6] Gibson was Secretary of the Indiana Territory, serving as acting Governor on two occasions. The two counties of Gibson County and Warrick County, separated by Rector's Base Line, were formed March 9, 1813. Gibson County was organized on April 1, 1813 while Warrick County was organized on April 30, meaning that both territories fell under Gibson County for that nearly two-month period. Gibson County occupied everything from the Wabash River and from the White River's extension to the Paoli Base Line down the 2d Principal Meridian to the Rector's Base Line. The area south of this line became Warrick County, which covered the area from the 2d Principal Meridian west to the Wabash River and down the Wabash River and with meanders up the Ohio River back to the 2d Principal Meridian (which had separated Knox County from Harrison County, Indiana Territory). Orange County, Spencer County, Pike County, Dubois County, and Crawford County all came from the roughly 2,000-square-mile (5,200 km2) area occupied by the original Gibson County, as well as small portions of Lawrence County, Perry County, Posey County, the current Warrick County, and Vanderburgh County.

When the county was organized, Patoka was intended to be the county seat. However, Patoka's low-lying location along the Patoka River gave rise to a malaria epidemic; to avoid this, the commissioners chose to establish a new town, eventually known as Princeton, on higher ground approximately 4 miles (6 km) south. However, although Princeton contends it was the only county seat, some contend county records indicate Owensville was a temporary county seat since Princeton was not laid out until late 1814, at least a year after Gibson County's organization.

Abolitionists

Although Indiana was technically a "free state," those assisting runaway slaves were guilty of breaking the law and could be prosecuted and jailed. Despite the legal threats, the Abolitionist movement was strong in Gibson County where many were active in the Underground Railroad, some openly known as Abolitionists such as David Stormont and his wife who maintained a station at their home three miles northwest of Princeton, along with John Carithers who aided runaway slaves at his home east of Princeton,[7] Sarah Merrick, Princeton, was jailed (after she was unable or unwilling to pay her $500 bail) in Gibson County for helping a runaway slave and her children from nearby Henderson, Kentucky (where slavery was legal), to escape to free territory. Reverend Thomas B. McCormick, a Presbyterian minister, was so well known as an Abolitionist that he fled to Canada after the Kentucky governor requested his extradition.[8] Joseph Hartin of Princeton politically identified himself as an Abolitionist.ref name=":0"/> James Washington Cockrum, originally from North Carolina, maintained a station at his home in Oakland City, first hiding runaways in a root cellar at his log cabin. His son William, who later authored History of the Underground railroad as it was conducted by the Anti-slavery league; including many thrilling encounters between those aiding the slaves to escape and those trying to recapture them, aided him helping the runaway slaves. Their family home in Oakland City, known as Cockrum Hall, is located on the grounds of present-day Oakland City University and is recognized as a prominent station on the Underground Railroad.[9]

Geography
Wabash Erie Canal near Francisco
Wheeling Covered Bridge

Gibson County is the northern third of the Evansville, Indiana–Kentucky Metropolitan Statistical Area. Nearly 90% of the county exists within the Ohio River Valley American Viticultural Area along with all of neighboring Posey, Vanderburgh and Warrick counties and a portion of Pike County.[10] Despite being close to Evansville and experiencing a large growth of population in the central areas, Gibson County still remains a largely rural county with half of its townships having populations less than 2,000. Less than 7 percent of the county's 500 square miles (1,300 km2) lies within incorporated settlements, or 10 percent if subdivisions are included.

The western part of the county consists largely of spread-out flood-prone farms with spotty marshes along the Wabash and White Rivers. There are rolling hills around Owensville, and large forest and marshland tracts lie near the Gibson Generating Station and the three river settlements of Crawleyville, East Mount Carmel, and Skelton. The northern part is near the White River and is more given to hills and forest. The eastern part contains many hills and is also dotted with strip pits and active coal mines. The southern part is more given to valley and marshland, drained by the Pigeon Creek which flows south through Evansville. The highest point on the terrain (640 feet/195 meters ASL) is a hill two miles (3.2 km) north of Princeton.[11]

Even without Interstate 69, the county is within a day's drive of Chicago, Cincinnati, Chattanooga, Columbus, Indianapolis, Louisville, Memphis, Nashville, Springfield, St. Louis, even South Bend, and Fort Wayne despite the lack of freeway connection. There are two major intersections in the southern extremes of the county: the intersection of Interstate 64 and US 41; and the intersection of Interstates I-64 and I-69, which will eventually link the county and Evansville to Indianapolis and Memphis and make a day trip to even Detroit possible.

The western half of the Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area lies within Gibson County.

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 499.16 square miles (1,292.8 km2), of which 487.49 square miles (1,262.6 km2) (or 97.66%) is land and 11.68 square miles (30.3 km2) (or 2.34%) is water.[12]

Adjacent counties

Cities (with ZIP codes)

Towns (with ZIP codes)
The Townships of Gibson County

Unincorporated communities

* Baldwin Heights and Northbrook Hills are within the city limits of Princeton.

Townships

Gibson County consists of ten townships:

Climate and weather
Princeton, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
2.9
 
 
38
21
 
 
3
 
 
44
26
 
 
4.2
 
 
55
35
 
 
4.5
 
 
66
45
 
 
5.1
 
 
76
55
 
 
3.9
 
 
84
64
 
 
3.9
 
 
88
67
 
 
4.1
 
 
86
65
 
 
3.2
 
 
79
58
 
 
3.2
 
 
68
46
 
 
4.4
 
 
54
36
 
 
3.6
 
 
42
26
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[13]

In recent years, average temperatures in Princeton have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 88 °F (31 °C) in July, although a record low of −19 °F (−28 °C) was recorded in January 1985 and a record high of 113 °F (45 °C) was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.90 inches (74 mm) in January to 5.11 inches (130 mm) in May.[13]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18306,192—
18406,2801.4%
18506,4032.0%
18607,85522.7%
18707,9391.1%
18808,2824.3%
189011,15634.7%
190011,2270.6%
191013,66121.7%
192018,06132.2%
193019,6668.9%
194023,92621.7%
195027,77716.1%
196028,5672.8%
197028,7990.8%
198029,2331.5%
199030,1593.2%
200032,5808.0%
201033,5032.8%
2018 (est.)33,452[14]−0.2%
US Decennial Census[15]
1790–1960[16] 1900–1990[17]
1990–2000[18] 2010–2013[1]

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 33,503 people, 13,255 households, and 9,168 families in the county.[19] The population density was 68.7 inhabitants per square mile (26.5/km2). There were 14,645 housing units at an average density of 30.0 per square mile (11.6/km2).[12] The racial makeup of the county was 95.5% white, 1.8% black or African American, 0.5% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.5% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.3% of the population.[19] In terms of ancestry, 28.3% were German, 24.3% were American, 13.1% were Irish, and 11.7% were English.[20]

Of the 13,255 households, 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 30.8% were non-families, and 26.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.98. The median age was 39.9 years.[19]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $61,652. Males had a median income of $43,271 versus $28,424 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,542. About 7.6% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.1% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.[21]

Government and politics
See also: Government of Indiana
Gibson County
Sheriff's Department
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdictionGibson, Indiana, United States
Size499 sq mi
Legal jurisdictionAs per operations jurisdiction
General nature
Operational structure
Agency executive
  • Timothy Bottoms (R), Sheriff
Facilities
Stations1
Jails1
Cars24

The county government is a constitutional body granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

The county council is the fiscal branch of the county government and controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, including income and property taxes (which are subject to state-level approval), excise taxes, and service taxes.[22][23]

The Board of Commissioners is the legislative and executive body of the county government. The commissioners are elected county-wide, in staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.[22][23]

The county maintains two court systems, Circuit Court and Superior Court. Judges are elected to a term of six years and must be a member of the Indiana Bar Association. In some cases, court decisions can be appealed to the state level circuit court.[23]

The county has other elected offices, including Sheriff, Coroner, Auditor, Treasurer, Recorder, Surveyor, Assessor, and Circuit Court Clerk. These officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.[23]

Gibson County is part of Indiana's 8th congressional district; Indiana Senate districts 48 and 49;[24] and Indiana House of Representatives districts 64, 75 and 76.[25]

Presidential election results
Presidential elections results[26]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2016 71.6% 11,081 24.0% 3,721 4.4% 682
2012 64.5% 9,487 33.5% 4,928 2.1% 306
2008 55.7% 8,449 42.6% 6,455 1.7% 260
2004 62.5% 9,133 36.8% 5,378 0.7% 103
2000 56.2% 7,734 42.1% 5,802 1.7% 236
1996 39.9% 5,392 48.0% 6,488 12.2% 1,648
1992 35.0% 5,172 46.7% 6,909 18.4% 2,719
1988 51.8% 7,610 47.9% 7,031 0.3% 43
1984 54.6% 8,618 44.9% 7,082 0.5% 77
1980 50.3% 7,643 45.0% 6,834 4.7% 712
1976 45.6% 7,105 54.0% 8,430 0.4% 64
1972 61.5% 9,115 38.0% 5,633 0.5% 71
1968 47.9% 7,645 42.5% 6,777 9.6% 1,535
1964 35.6% 5,865 63.8% 10,507 0.5% 86
1960 53.9% 8,838 45.6% 7,479 0.5% 82
1956 55.6% 9,256 43.9% 7,318 0.5% 79
1952 54.0% 9,171 44.8% 7,617 1.2% 198
1948 47.3% 7,431 50.9% 7,988 1.9% 290
1944 50.9% 7,895 48.1% 7,462 1.1% 168
1940 48.3% 8,326 50.6% 8,709 1.1% 188
1936 42.4% 7,078 56.2% 9,392 1.4% 240
1932 39.3% 6,237 57.8% 9,162 2.9% 464
1928 57.1% 8,137 41.3% 5,882 1.7% 240
1924 49.6% 7,100 43.0% 6,149 7.4% 1,059
1920 51.3% 7,498 43.7% 6,384 5.0% 728
1916 45.8% 3,576 48.3% 3,765 5.9% 460
1912 31.0% 2,266 44.4% 3,250 24.6% 1,798
1908 48.4% 3,753 47.2% 3,656 4.4% 338
1904 51.3% 3,871 42.7% 3,221 6.1% 458
1900 49.1% 3,648 47.3% 3,509 3.6% 267
1896 48.4% 3,471 50.5% 3,622 1.1% 82
1892 45.3% 2,738 40.7% 2,460 13.9% 841
1888 49.7% 2,953 45.8% 2,721 4.4% 263

Overall Gibson County has been a Republican stronghold in national politics. In contrast, Democrats tend to be strong on county-level politics. Princeton accounts for the majority of consistent Democratic support within the county, whereas outside of Princeton, particularly South Gibson is where the consistent Republican support is found.

Recent disasters

2004 snowstorm

In December 2004, a crippling snowstorm dumped over twice the normal annual snowfall in three days. Accumulations averaged 20 inches in Gibson County, with snow drifts reaching over 4 feet (1.2 m) in spots and some spots of Gibson County receiving as much as 32 inches (0.81 m).[27] Interstate 64 was closed. The Indiana National Guard was dispatched and local farmers were recruited to help stranded motorists.

2005 flood

The White River at Hazleton got as high as 31 feet (9.4 m), almost high enough to overtake US 41,[28] while the Wabash River at Mount Carmel, Illinois rose to 33.95 feet (10.35 m). Extreme flooding occurred throughout the county and high school students from many counties assisted the Indiana National Guard in shoring up levees and sandbagging towns. Hazleton was evacuated because its levee was showing signs of fatigue; however, the levees held. By the end of January 2005, the rivers had receded enough to allow people to return to their homes. Over 100 homes were lost in the flood, which was considered the second-worst flood in the area's history (after the Great Flood of 1913).[29]

2008 earthquake
Main article: 2008 Illinois earthquake

With a moment magnitude of 5.2 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII, the 2008 Illinois earthquake was one of the largest instrumentally recorded earthquakes in Illinois. It occurred at 4:37:00 a.m. CDT (9:37:00 UTC) on April 18 within the Wabash Valley Seismic Zone at a depth of 11.6 km. It was centered near West Salem, Illinois and Mount Carmel, Illinois, specifically at 38.45° N, 87.89° W.

2008 flood
Main article: June 2008 Midwest floods

A major flood occurred in June 2008, caused by intense rainfall upstream.[30] Both the Wabash and White Rivers were severely flooded and nearly all of Gibson County's levees held the flood back, while many levees upstream were failing.[31]

2017 tornado
Main article: Tornado outbreak of February 28 – March 1, 2017

On the evening of February 28, 2017, a powerful EF3 tornado struck areas of southern Illinois and Southwest Indiana. It began near Crossville, IL where it caused one death, then continued northeast, crossing the Wabash River into Posey County where it caused mainly tree and relatively minor structure damage, the tornado then continued its track east-northeast into southern Gibson County where the most intense damage occurred just north of the Posey County line. Two people received minor injuries there. The tornado continued, causing damage along the way, until ending near Oakland City, IN after tracking 44 miles.[32][33]

Transportation
Indiana 168 between Owensville and Fort Branch.

County roads

Gibson County has over 1,700 miles (2,700 km) of county roads, one of the largest amounts of county-maintained roads outside of an urban county. Like most Indiana counties, Gibson County uses the Indiana county road system to identify its roads. U.S. Route 41 (a north–south road) and State Road 64 (an east–west road) are near the meridian and division lines for the county, respectively.

Major highways
Little Bridge near east Mount Carmel at the western terminus of SR 64. Also known as "The Little Monster" because of the many accidents there, it, like the main bridge, was built to the width standards of the 1930s. It was replaced by a new bridge in 2010. The grassy area in the foreground is now occupied by the new road and bridge.

Interstate 69
Main article: Interstate 69 in Indiana

A section of Interstate 69's construction groundbreaking occurred on July 16, 2008, at the Centre in Evansville. This project has its controversy, highlighted by a group of protesters in attendance. A portion of the first segment opened in September 2009.[34][35] The entire stretch of highway in Gibson County was open to traffic on November 15, 2012.

Railroads

Three railroad lines pass through the county. CSX Transportation operates a north–south line, and Norfolk Southern Railway operates an east–west line; they intersect in Princeton. A north-south Indiana Southern Railroad line intersects the Norfolk Southern line at Oakland City.[36]

Sports

Gibson County's association with baseball is far-reaching with noted Major League Baseball players and announcers such as Gary Denbo and Dave Niehaus, and most notably MLB hall of famer Edd Roush and MLB legend Gil Hodges, the namesake of Gil Hodges Field, a little league field in Princeton.

Gibson County made its mark on the High School scene with two softball titles by Gibson Southern and a double overtime Boys Basketball State Title by Princeton in 2009, completing a 29–0 season as well as PCHS now holding the All-time points record with Jackie Young as of 2016 and a 2015 Girls Basketball State Title. In addition there are three State Runner-Up Titles. All of these titles have been acquired since Gibson Southern's Softball Runner-Up Title in 2001.

Education
Gibson County's three school districts in their HS primary colors.
East Gibson in Green
North Gibson in Red
South Gibson in Maroon

Gibson County's three municipal school districts

East Gibson School Corporation – Oakland City:

Francisco Elem. School 2010

North Gibson School Corporation – Princeton:

South Gibson School Corporation – Fort Branch:

The eastern wall of Gibson Southern High School, near Fort Branch, Indiana as it looked before 2008. Gibson Southern, which services several nearby towns, underwent extensive renovation from 2008 to 2010.

Private education

Gibson County's Private Education consists of four Catholic Schools run by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Evansville and one non-Catholic Christian school. Holy Cross, St. James, and Bethel field basketball teams. Enrollment and Grades are in the 1st parentheses.[37] Mascot (I/A) is in 2nd parentheses.

  • Bethel Christian School – Princeton (K3-8:112) (Crusaders)
  • Holy Cross Catholic School – Fort Branch (K-5:111) (Crusaders)
  • St. James Catholic School – St. James/Haubstadt (K-8:185) (Cougars)
  • St. Joseph Catholic School – Princeton (K-5:185)
  • St.s Peter & Paul Catholic School – Haubstadt (K-5:200)

Higher education

Businesses
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana is Princeton's largest employer as well as the Largest employer in the Evansville Area.
Duke Energy's Gibson Generating Station. Although it is the largest coal power plant in the US, GGS is often still referred to by locals as PSI, in reference to its original and long−time owner, Public Service Indiana.

Industry

  • Gibson Generating Station (Coal), Owensville (across IN-64 from East Mount Carmel and across the Wabash River from Mount Carmel, Illinois, 7 miles northwest of Owensville and 10 miles west of Princeton).
  • Toyota Motor Manufacturing Indiana (TMMI), Princeton (located almost exactly halfway between Princeton and Fort Branch and largely in Union Township but addressed to Princeton.)
    Produces the Toyota Highlander, Toyota Sienna, and the Toyota Sequoia.
  • Hansen Corporation, Princeton (located on the south side)
  • Millennium Steel, Princeton (Located Immediately north of Toyota). Visited by President Barack Obama on October 3, 2014.
  • Vuteq, Princeton (Located at north east corner of Toyota Plant Complex).
  • Gibson County Quality Assurance, Princeton (Located in Gibson County Warehousing Complex— 1 mile (2 km) north of the Toyota Plant). Also has a warehouse complex southeast of the Toyota Plant.
  • Toyota Tsusho, Princeton (Located in Gibson County Warehousing complex— 1 mile (2 km) north of Toyota Plant).
  • Toyota Boshoku Indiana (TBIN), formerly TISA (Total Interior Systems of America), Princeton (Located at north end of the Industrial Park on Gach Road).
  • Peabody Energy, Francisco Mine (Formerly Black Beauty Coal Co.) (Located north of Francisco, IN).
  • Gibson County Coal, Operates a large mine northwest of Princeton, a service mine 7 miles west of Princeton, and a mine north of Owensville.
  • Norfolk Southern Railway
  • CSX Transportation

Proposed Industry or Industry under construction

Broadcast media

Newspapers

  • Gibson County Today – Princeton
  • Princeton Daily Clarion – Princeton
  • Oakland City Journal – Oakland City
  • South Gibson Star-Times – Owensville, Fort Branch, and Haubstadt
  • South Gibson Bulletin – Owensville, Fort Branch, and Haubstadt

Recreation
  • Gibson County Fairgrounds – Princeton – site of Indiana's oldest county fair, started in 1852.[40]
  • Azalea Path Arboretum and Botanical Gardens (Located South of Mt Olympus on the Gibson/Pike County Line)
  • Oakland City New Lake – Oakland City
  • Lafayette Park – Princeton
  • Gil Hodges Field – Princeton
  • Camp Carson YMCA Campground – Princeton
  • Haubstadt Old School Park and Old Gym – Haubstadt
  • Tri-State Speedway – Haubstadt
  • Weather Rock Campground – Warrenton
  • Montgomery Park – Owensville
  • REH Center (Old Owensville Gym) – Owensville
  • Gibson Lake – Owensville
  • Marlette Park – Fort Branch
  • Old Gym – Fort Branch
  • City Park of Fort Branch
  • Gibson Southern High School Grounds – Fort Branch
  • Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area – Francisco and Oakland City
  • Hemmer Woods State Nature Preserve – Southeast of Mackey

See also

References
Specific
  1. "Gibson County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 17 September 2011.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 31 May 2011. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
  3. "Government at Crossroads: An Indiana chronology". The Herald Bulletin. 5 January 2008. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
  4. Brill, Marlene Targ (2005). Indiana. Marshall Cavendish. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-7614-2020-0.
  5. Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. US Government Printing Office. p. 137.
  6. De Witt Clinton Goodrich & Charles Richard Tuttle (1875). An Illustrated History of the State of Indiana. Indiana: R. S. Peale & co. p. 558.
  7. Stormont, Gil R. (1914). History of Gibson County, Indiana : her people, industries and institutions, with biographical sketches of representative citizens and genealogical records of many of the old families. Indianapolis, IN: B. F. BOWEN & CO., Inc. pp. 651–652.
  8. "IHB: The Underground Railroad". www.in.gov. Retrieved 11 July 2017.
  9. Snodgrass, Mary Ellen (2008). The Underground Railroad: An Encyclopedia of People, Places, and Operations. New York: Routledge. p. 124.
  10. Edocket
  11. Gibson County High Point, Indiana (PeakBagger.com, accessed 20 September 2020)
  12. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 10 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  13. "Monthly Averages for Princeton, Indiana". The Weather Channel. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
  14. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved July 26, 2019.
  15. "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  16. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  17. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  18. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
  19. "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  20. "Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  21. "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
  22. Indiana Code. "Title 36, Article 2, Section 3". IN.gov. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
  23. Indiana Code. "Title 2, Article 10, Section 2" (PDF). IN.gov. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
  24. "Indiana Senate Districts". State of Indiana. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  25. "Indiana House Districts". State of Indiana. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  26. Leip, David. "Atlas of US Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 16 May 2018.
  27. NWS Paducah, KY
  28. Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service: Indianapolis: White River at Hazleton
  29. Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service: Indianapolis: Wabash River at Mount Carmel
  30. SRH.noaa.gov, Precipitation Analysis Pages.
  31. Tristate-media.com
  32. NWS Paducah [@NWSPaducah] (1 March 2017). "Part 2 Survey team work continues...a preliminary rating of EF-3 is expected with the storm damage near Poseyville Indiana" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  33. Tristate News, Damage Reported in Posey, Gibson, White Counties
  34. Invitation-only groundbreaking set for I-69 segment : Local News : Evansville Courier Press
  35. Long-awaited I-69 begins : Local News : Evansville Courier Press
  36. "Indiana Railroad Map" (PDF). Indiana Department of Transportation. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 September 2007. Retrieved 14 October 2007.
  37. "Gibson County Private Schools". Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 25 December 2007.
  38. Che.state.in.us Archived 20 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  39. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 30 September 2015. Retrieved 13 October 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  40. The first Indiana State Fair Queen Pageant was held in 1958 when Carol Parks of Montgomery County was crowned
General

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