List of countries by natural increase

The rate of natural increase is defined as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate. It is expressed as a rate per 1,000 population.

The birth rates[1] and death rates[2] in columns one and two are the CIA World Factbook estimates for the year 2017 unless otherwise noted, rounded to the nearest tenth (except for Mayotte with 2010 estimates). The natural increase rate in column three is calculated from the rounded values of columns one and two. Rates are the average annual number of births or deaths during a year per 1,000 persons; these are also known as crude birth or death rates.

Column four is from the UN Population Division and shows a projection for the average natural increase rate for the time period shown using the medium fertility variant. Blank cells in column four indicate lack of data.

Country or region	Crude birth rate	Crude death rate	Natural increase rate	Natural increase rate (2015–20)[3]
Angola	44.3	9.2	35.0	+32.7
Mali	43.9	9.8	34.1	+32.0
Malawi	41.0	7.9	33.1	+29.3
Uganda	42.9	10.2	32.7	+32.9
Burundi	41.3	8.8	32.5	+31.1
Niger	44.2	11.8	32.4
Mayotte (France)	38.76[n 1]	7.05	31.71	+25.8
Liberia	38.4	7.6	30.7	+26.2
Burkina Faso	41.2	11.2	30.0	+29.9
Zambia	41.5	12.2	29.3	+30.1
Ethiopia	36.5	7.7	28.8	+24.4
Gaza Strip	31.4	3.1	28.3
Tanzania	35.6	7.6	28.0	+31.2
South Sudan	35.5	7.7	27.8
East Timor	33.4	5.9	27.5	+29.0
Benin	35.0	7.9	27.1	+27.4
Iraq	30.4	3.8	26.6	+27.6
Mozambique	38.1	11.6	26.5	+28.7
Somalia	39.6	13.1	26.5	+31.9
Togo	33.3	6.9	26.4	+24.7
Guinea	35.1	9.0	26.1	+26.0
Sierra Leone	36.3	10.4	25.9	+21.7
Cameroon	35.4	9.6	25.8	+25.8
São Tomé and Príncipe	32.4	6.8	25.6	+26.6
Senegal	33.4	8.1	25.3	+28.9
Madagascar	31.6	6.5	25.1	+26.7
Egypt	29.6	4.6	25.0	+19.2
Republic of the Congo	34.4	9.5	24.9	+26.6
Afghanistan	37.9	13.4	24.5	+25.7
Nigeria	36.9	12.4	24.5	+26.1
Equatorial Guinea	32.2	7.8	24.4	+23.4
Rwanda	30.7	6.4	24.3	+24.3
Zimbabwe	34.2	10.2	24.0	+23.9
Democratic Republic of the Congo	33.5	9.6	23.9	+26.6
Ghana	30.5	7.0	23.5	+22.3
West Bank	26.3	3.5	22.8
Mauritania	30.4	7.9	22.5	+25.7
Eritrea	29.6	7.2	22.4	+24.7
Gambia	29.4	7.0	22.4	+30.8
Yemen	28.4	6.0	22.4	+24.3
Chad	35.6	13.8	21.8	+29.9
Gabon	34.2	13.0	21.2	+21.2
Western Sahara	29.3	8.1	21.2
Central African Republic	34.3	13.2	21.1	+22.2
Solomon Islands	24.9	3.8	21.1	+23.3
Oman	24.0	3.3	20.7	+14.8
Sudan	27.9	7.3	20.6
Jordan	23.9	3.4	20.5	+21.7
Marshall Islands	24.4	4.2	20.2
Vanuatu	24.0	4.0	20.0	+20.6
Guatemala	24.1	4.7	19.4	+20.0
Namibia	27.3	7.9	19.4	+21.3
Comoros	26.1	7.2	18.9
Guinea-Bissau	32.5	13.9	18.6	+25.5
Côte d'Ivoire	27.7	9.4	18.4	+24.6
Nauru	24.0	5.9	18.1
Belize	24.0	6.0	18.0	+16.8
Algeria	22.2	4.3	17.9	+16.9
Philippines	23.7	6.1	17.6	+16.3
Tajikistan	23.3	6.0	17.3	+22.8
Tonga	22.2	4.9	17.3	+17.5
Kenya	23.9	6.7	17.2	+25.0
Syria	21.2	4.0	17.2	+15.2
Honduras	22.4	5.3	17.1	+16.5
Papua New Guinea	23.7	6.6	17.1	+20.1
Kuwait	19.2	2.2	17.0	+13.0
Laos	23.6	7.4	16.2	+16.6
Djibouti	23.4	7.5	15.9	+14.1
Micronesia	20.0	4.2	15.8
Bolivia	22.0	6.4	15.6	+15.6
Kyrgyzstan	22.1	6.5	15.6	+17.6
Pakistan	21.9	6.3	15.6	+20.2
Cambodia	23.0	7.5	15.5	+16.7
Haiti	23.0	7.6	15.4	-15.1
Tuvalu	23.7	8.5	15.2
Samoa	20.4	5.3	15.1	-19.2
Saudi Arabia	18.3	3.4	14.9	+15.5
Kiribati	21.2	7.0	14.2	+20.7
Cape Verde	-20.0	6.0	14.0
Malaysia	19.1	-5.1	14.0	+11.9
Libya	17.5	3.6	13.9	+13.6
Nepal	-19.5	5.6	13.9	+13.3
American Samoa	19.6	5.9	13.7
Dominican Republic	18.4	-4.7	13.7	+13.5
Guam (US)	19.7	6.0	13.7
Venezuela	18.8	5.3	13.5	-12.9
Bangladesh	-18.8	5.4	13.4	+13.2
Brunei	17.0	3.6	13.4	+11.7
United Arab Emirates	15.1	1.9	13.2	+7.5
Mexico	18.3	5.3	13.0	+12.7
Panama	17.9	-4.9	13.0	+14.0
Turkmenistan	-19.1	6.1	13.0	+16.9
Israel	18.1	5.2	12.9	+14.3
Ecuador	17.9	5.1	12.8	+14.6
Morocco	17.7	4.9	12.8	+14.1
Iran	17.9	5.3	12.6	+11.1
Mongolia	18.9	6.3	12.6	+16.0
Nicaragua	17.7	5.1	12.6	+14.1
Botswana	22.1	9.6	12.5	+16.6
Fiji	18.6	6.1	12.5	+11.6
Maldives	16.1	4.0	12.1	+14.0
Turks and Caicos Islands (UK)	15.3	3.2	12.1
Tunisia	18.2	6.3	11.9	+11.2
Paraguay	16.6	4.8	11.8	+14.9
India	19.0	7.3	11.7	+11.4
Peru	17.8	6.1	11.7	+13.1
Jamaica	17.9	6.8	11.1	+9.3
Bhutan	17.3	6.5	10.8	+11.8
Costa Rica	15.5	4.7	10.8	+8.9
South Africa	20.2	9.4	10.8	+11.0
Eswatini (Swaziland)	24.0	13.2	10.8	+18.9
Burma	18.1	7.4	10.7	+9.3
Colombia	16.1	5.5	10.6	+8.7
Bahrain	13.3	2.8	10.5	+11.8
El Salvador	16.2	5.8	10.4	+11.5
Northern Mariana Islands (US)	15.0	4.8	10.2
Antigua and Barbuda	15.7	5.7	10.0
Kazakhstan	18.1	8.1	10.0	+11.3
Indonesia	16.2	6.5	9.7	+11.2
Suriname	15.8	6.1	9.7	+10.4
Turkey	15.7	6.0	9.7	+10.0
French Polynesia	14.8	5.2	9.6
Lesotho	24.6	15.0	9.6	+14.9
Vietnam	15.5	5.9	9.6	+10.4
Uzbekistan	16.8	5.3	9.5	+14.4
Lebanon	14.3	5.0	9.3	+10.7
New Caledonia (France)	15.0	5.7	9.3
Argentina	16.7	7.5	9.2	+9.3
Sri Lanka	15.2	6.2	9.0	+7.8
Azerbaijan	15.8	7.1	8.7	+9.8
Bahamas	15.3	7.2	8.1
Qatar	9.6	1.5	8.1	+8.4
Guyana	15.4	7.4	8.0	+12.0
Anguilla (UK)	12.5	4.6	7.9
Sint Maarten (Netherlands)	13.1	5.2	7.9
Wallis and Futuna (France)	13.2	5.4	7.8
Ireland	14.1	6.6	7.5	+6.9
Brazil	14.1	6.7	7.4	+7.5
Chile	13.6	6.2	7.4	+6.9
Grenada	15.5	8.2	7.3	+11.1
Iceland	13.7	6.4	7.3	+6.6
Dominica	15.1	7.9	7.2
Seychelles	13.7	7.0	6.7	+7.1
Albania	13.2	6.8	6.4	+4.0
Cayman Islands (UK)	12.0	5.8	6.2
Saint Kitts and Nevis	13.2	7.1	6.1
British Virgin Islands	11.1	5.1	6.0
Falkland Islands (UK)	10.9[n 2]	4.9	6.0
Mauritius	13.0	7.1	5.9	+2.3
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	13.2	7.3	5.9
Greenland (Denmark)	14.4	8.7	5.7
New Zealand	13.2	7.5	5.7	+6.2
Cook Islands (New Zealand)	14.0	8.4	5.6
Saint Lucia	13.3	7.7	5.6	+4.4
Faroe Islands (Denmark)	14.3	8.8	5.5
Gibraltar (UK)	14.0	8.5	5.5
Curaçao (Netherlands)	13.7	8.4	5.3
North Korea	14.6	9.3	5.3
North Macedonia	11.4	9.2	5.2	+1.3
Singapore	8.6	3.5	5.1
U.S. Virgin Islands	12.8	7.8	5.0
Australia	12.1	7.3	4.8	+6.1
Jersey (UK)	12.4	7.8	4.6
Montserrat (UK)	10.8	6.2	4.6
China	12.3	7.8	4.5	+4.1
Cyprus	11.3	6.8	4.5	+3.6
United States	12.5	8.2	4.3	+4.3
Luxembourg	11.5	7.3	4.2	+4.2
Macau (China)	8.6	4.5	4.1
Norway	12.2	8.1	4.1	+4.1
Aruba (Netherlands)	12.4	8.4	4.0	+2.1
Trinidad and Tobago	12.7	8.8	3.9	+3.2
Uruguay	13.0	9.4	3.6	+4.5
Armenia	12.9	9.4	3.5	+3.2
Palau	11.3	8.1	3.2
Barbados	11.7	8.6	3.1	+0.9
Liechtenstein	10.4	7.4	3.0
Thailand	11.0	8.0	3.0	+1.9
France	12.2	9.3	2.9	+2.6
Bermuda (UK)	11.3	8.6	2.7
Sweden	12.1	9.4	2.7	+3.2
United Kingdom	12.1	9.4	2.7	+3.1
South Korea	8.3	6.0	2.3	+2.8
Switzerland	10.5	8.3	2.2	+2.4
Cuba	10.7	8.7	2.0	+2.5
Netherlands	10.9	8.9	2.0	+1.9
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (UK)	9.6	7.8	1.8
Belgium	11.3	9.7	1.6	+1.6
Canada	10.3	8.7	1.6	+3.0
Hong Kong (China)	8.9	7.4	1.5	+4.2
Georgia	12.3	10.9	1.4	−0.2
Taiwan	8.3	7.4	0.9	+1.5
Guernsey (UK)	9.8	9.0	0.8
Isle of Man (UK)	11.0	10.2	0.8
Finland	10.7	10	0.7	+1.0
Montenegro	10.0	9.7	0.3	+1.2
Andorra	7.5	7.3	0.2
Denmark	10.5	10.3	0.2	+1.1
Spain	9.2	9.1	0.1	−0.6
Austria	9.5	9.6	−0.1	+0.1
San Marino	8.6	8.7	−0.1
Slovakia	9.7	9.9	−0.2	+0.3
Puerto Rico (US)	8.1	8.6	−0.5	+2.6
Poland	9.5	10.4	−0.9	−1.4
Moldova	11.5	12.6	−1.1	−1.7
Bosnia and Herzegovina	8.8	10.0	−1.2	−2.0
Czech Republic	9.3	10.5	−1.2	−0.6
Italy	8.6	10.4	−1.8	−2.4
Japan	7.7	9.8	−2.1	−2.7
Portugal	9.0	11.1	−2.1	−3.3
Estonia	10.1	12.6	−2.5	−1.5
Russia	11.0	13.5	−2.5	−1.3
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)	7.1	9.9	−2.8
Belarus	10.3	13.2	−2.9	−1.7
Greece	8.4	11.3	−2.9	−3.0
Germany	8.6	11.7	−3.1	−2.5
Romania	8.9	12.0	−3.1	−3.4
Monaco	6.6	9.8	−3.2
Croatia	8.9	12.2	−3.3
Slovenia	8.2	11.6	−3.4	+0.1
Hungary	9.0	12.8	−3.8	−4.0
Ukraine	10.3	14.4	−4.1	−4.4
Serbia	9.0	13.6	−4.6	−2.2
Lithuania	9.9	14.6	−4.7	−3.8
Latvia	9.7	14.5	−4.8	−5.1
Bulgaria	8.7	14.5	−5.8	−6.0

The table below assembles history and projections for the major regions shown. The numbers show total births minus total deaths per 1,000 population for the region for each time period. The first four columns show actual rate of natural increase. The remaining columns show projections using the medium fertility variant. All numbers are from the UN Population Division.[3]

• Demographics of the world