List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI

This is a list of countries by inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI), as published by the UNDP in its 2019 Human Development Report. According to the 2016 Report, "The IHDI can be interpreted as the level of human development when inequality is accounted for," whereas the Human Development Index itself, from which the IHDI is derived, is "an index of potential human development (or the maximum IHDI that could be achieved if there were no inequality)."[1][2]

World map representing the inequality-adjusted Human Development Index categories (based on 2019 data, published in 2020).
  0.800–1.000 (very high)
  0.700–0.799 (high)
  0.550–0.699 (medium)
  0.350–0.549 (low)
  Data unavailable
World map showing more detailed breakdown of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (based on 2019 data, published in 2020).
  0.850–0.899
  0.800–0.849
  0.750–0.799
  0.700–0.749
  0.650–0.699
  0.600–0.649
  0.550–0.599
  0.500–0.549
  0.450–0.499
  0.400–0.449
  0.350–0.399
  0.300–0.349
  0.250–0.299
  0.200–0.249
  Data unavailable

Methodology

The index captures the HDI of the average person in society, which is less than the aggregate HDI when there is inequality in the distribution of health, education and income. Under perfect equality, the HDI and IHDI are equal; the greater the difference between the two, the greater the inequality.

The IHDI, estimated for 151 countries (includes the world and other 150 specific countries), captures the losses in human development due to inequality in health, education and income. Losses in all three dimensions vary across countries, ranging from just a few percent (Czech Republic, Slovenia) up to over 40% (Comoros, Central African Republic). Overall loss takes into account all three dimensions.[3]

List

The table below ranks countries according to their inequality-adjusted human development index (IHDI). Data is based on 2019 estimates.

2019 inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI) (2020 report)

Rank Country 2019 estimates (2020 report)[4][5][6]
IHDI HDI Overall loss (%) Growth since 2010
Very high human development
1 Norway0.8990.9576.1 0.021
2 Iceland0.8940.9495.8 0.055
3  Switzerland0.8890.9556.9 0.015
4 Finland0.8880.9385.3 0.040
5 Ireland0.8850.9557.3 0.066
6 Denmark0.8830.9406.1 0.025
7 Sweden0.8820.9456.7 0.033
8 Netherlands0.8780.9447.0 0.036
9 Slovenia0.8750.9174.6 0.047
10 Germany0.8690.9478.2 0.016
11 Australia0.8670.9448.2 0.011
12 Czech Republic0.8600.9004.4 0.042
13 Belgium0.8590.9317.7 0.026
14 New Zealand0.8590.9317.7NA
15 Austria0.8570.9227.0 0.021
16 United Kingdom0.8560.9328.2 0.032
17 Canada0.8480.9298.7 0.025
18 Japan0.8430.9198.3 0.053[lower-alpha 1]
19 Estonia0.8290.8827.1 0.051
20 Luxembourg0.8260.9169.8 0.009
21 Hong Kong0.8240.94913.2NA
22 Malta0.8230.8958.0 0.033[lower-alpha 2]
23 France0.8200.9019.0 0.022
24 South Korea0.8150.91611.0 0.074
25 Israel0.8140.91911.4 0.031
26 Singapore0.8130.93813.3NA
26 Poland0.8130.8807.6 0.063
28 United States0.8080.92612.7 0.004
29 Slovakia0.8070.8606.2 0.032
30 Cyprus0.8050.8879.2 0.048
High human development
31 Hungary0.7910.8547.4 0.032
31 Lithuania0.7910.88210.3 0.055
31 Greece0.7910.88810.9 0.014
34 Italy0.7830.89212.2 0.010
34 Latvia0.7830.8669.6 0.050
34 Croatia0.7830.8518.0 0.092
34 Spain0.7830.90413.4 0.004
38 Belarus0.7710.8236.3 0.050
39 Kazakhstan0.7660.8257.2 0.105
40 Portugal0.7610.85012.7 0.031
41 Montenegro0.7490.8299.7 0.026
42 Russia0.7400.82410.2 0.049
43 Romania0.7300.82811.8 0.022
44 Argentina0.7290.84513.7 0.063
45 Ukraine0.7280.7796.4 0.035
46 Bulgaria0.7210.81611.6 0.022
47 Georgia0.7160.81211.8 0.093
48 Uruguay0.7120.81712.7 0.055
49 Chile0.7090.85116.7 0.058
50 Albania0.7080.79510.9 0.058
51 Oman0.7060.81313.2NA
52 Serbia0.7050.80612.5 0.021
Medium human development
53 Armenia0.6990.7769.9 0.034
54 Mauritius0.6940.80413.7 0.035[lower-alpha 3]
55 Iran0.6930.78311.5 0.181[lower-alpha 4]
56 Azerbaijan0.6840.7569.5 0.058
57 Turkey0.6830.82016.7 0.119
58 North Macedonia0.6810.77412.0 0.062
59 Barbados0.6760.81417.0NA
60 Sri Lanka0.6730.78213.9 0.048
61 Moldova0.6720.75010.4 0.055
62 Seychelles0.6700.79615.8NA
63 Bosnia and Herzegovina0.6670.78014.5 0.093
64 Costa Rica0.6610.81018.4 0.054
65 Thailand0.6460.77716.9 0.075
66 Panama0.6430.81521.1 0.083
67 China0.6390.76116.0 0.101
68 Mongolia0.6340.73714.0 0.044
69 Kyrgyzstan0.6300.6979.6 0.068
70 Saint Lucia0.6290.75917.1 0.011[lower-alpha 5]
71 Peru0.6280.77719.2 0.128
72 Jordan0.6220.72914.7 0.027
73 Ecuador0.6160.75918.8 0.037
74 Palestine0.6130.70813.4 0.001[lower-alpha 6]
74 Mexico0.6130.77921.3 0.022
76 Jamaica0.6120.73416.6 0.002
77 Algeria0.5960.74820.3NA
78 Tunisia0.5960.74019.5 0.061
79 Colombia0.5950.76723.1 0.074
79 Dominican Republic0.5950.75621.3 0.063
81 Indonesia0.5900.71817.8 0.043
82 Venezuela0.5880.71117.3 0.009
83 Vietnam0.5880.70416.5 0.035
World0.5870.73118.6 0.054
84 Philippines0.5870.71818.2 0.043
85 Turkmenistan0.5860.71518.0 0.095
86 Tajikistan0.5840.66812.6 0.068
86 Maldives0.5840.74021.1 0.005
88 Brazil0.5700.76525.5 0.041
89 Paraguay0.5570.72823.5 0.033
90 Guyana0.5560.68218.5 0.028
91 Belize0.5540.71622.6 0.059
Low human development
92 Bolivia0.5460.71824.0 0.133
93 Gabon0.5440.70322.6 0.030
94 Iraq0.5410.67419.7 0.034[lower-alpha 7]
95 Suriname0.5350.73827.5 0.002
96 El Salvador0.5290.67321.4 0.046
97 São Tomé and Príncipe0.5200.62516.8 0.131[lower-alpha 8]
98 Kiribati0.5160.63018.1 0.099[lower-alpha 9]
99 Nicaragua0.5050.66023.5 0.036
100 Egypt0.4970.70729.7 0.013
101 Guatemala0.4810.66327.5 0.079
102 Bangladesh0.4780.63224.4 0.085
103 Bhutan0.4760.65427.2 0.002[lower-alpha 10]
104 India0.4750.64526.4 0.068
104 Cambodia0.4750.59420.0 0.091
106 Honduras0.4720.63425.6 0.049
107 South Africa0.4680.70934.0 0.011
108 Laos0.4610.61324.8 0.046
109   Nepal0.4460.60225.9 0.080
110 Kenya0.4430.60126.3 0.068
111 Zimbabwe0.4410.57122.8 0.103
112 Ghana0.4400.61128.0 0.018
113 Timor-Leste0.4360.60628.1 0.018
114 Eswatini0.4320.61129.3 0.104
115 Rep. of the Congo0.4300.57425.1 0.085
116 Namibia0.4180.64635.3 0.090
117 Zambia0.4010.58431.3 0.040
118 Uganda0.3990.54426.7 0.061
119 Tanzania0.3970.52825.0 0.053
119 Angola0.3970.58131.7 0.086
121 Madagascar0.3900.52826.1 0.028
121 Papua New Guinea0.3900.55529.7NA
123 Rwanda0.3870.54328.7 0.077
124 Pakistan0.3840.55031.1 0.033
125 Lesotho0.3820.52727.5 0.078
126 Cameroon0.3750.56334.1 0.042
127 Mauritania0.3710.54632.1 0.044
128 Togo0.3510.51531.8 0.039
129 Nigeria0.3480.53935.4 0.067
129 Senegal0.3480.51232.0 0.049
129 Ethiopia0.3480.48528.2 0.071
132 Côte d'Ivoire0.3460.53835.7 0.047
133 Malawi0.3450.48328.6 0.053
134 Benin0.3430.52037.1 0.023
135 Dem. Rep. of the Congo0.3350.48031 0.057
135 Gambia0.3350.49633.5 0.055
137 Sudan0.3330.51034.7NA
138 Liberia0.3250.48032.3 0.040
139 Yemen0.3210.47031.7 0.012
140 Mozambique0.3160.45630.7 0.097
140 Burkina Faso0.3160.45230.1 0.071
142 Guinea0.3130.47734.4 0.057
143 Haiti0.3030.51040.6 0.024
143 Burundi0.3030.43330.0 0.044
143 Comoros0.3030.55445.3 0.010
146 Guinea-Bissau0.3000.48037.5 0.049
147 Sierra Leone0.2910.45235.6 0.049
148 Mali0.2890.43433.4 0.037
149 Niger0.2840.39427.9 0.065
150 South Sudan0.2760.43336.3NA
151 Chad0.2480.39837.7 0.024
152 Central African Republic0.2320.39741.6 0.020

See also

Notes

  1. Since 2013
  2. Since 2012
  3. Since 2011
  4. Since 2013
  5. Since 2014
  6. Since 2013
  7. Since 2013
  8. Since 2011
  9. Since 2013
  10. Since 2012

References

  1. Human Development Reports, Composite indices — HDI and beyond (2015) 87
  2. "Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". Hdr.undp.org. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
  3. "Frequently Asked Questions - Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)". United Nations.
  4. Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 351–355. ISBN 978-92-1-126442-5. Retrieved 17 December 2020.
  5. "Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI)". hdr.undp.org. UNDP. Retrieved 15 December 2020.
  6. {{cite web|url=http://hdr.undp.org/en/indicators/138806f |title= Human Development Report 2020 – "Human Development Indices and Indicators"|publisher=HDRO (Human Development Report Office)


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