List of countries by population in 1900

This is a list of countries by population in 1900. Estimate numbers are from the beginning of the year and exact population figures are for countries that held a census on various dates in the year 1900.

RankCountry/TerritoryPopulation c.1900 estimate[1] Percentage of

World Population

World1,700,000,000 -
1 Qing China[1]400,000,000 23.5%
 British Empire[lower-alpha 1]384,000,000 22.5%
2 British Raj[lower-alpha 2][1] (UK)294,000,000 17.3%
 Russian Empire (including Finland and Poland)136,305,900 8.0%
3 Russian Empire (excluding Finland and Poland)119,546,234 7.0%
 Russian Empire[1] (Russia proper only)87,162,000 5.1%
 France (including colonies)78,790,700 4.6%
4 United States[lower-alpha 3][1] (US proper only)75,994,575 4.5%
5 Germany[2]56,367,178 3.3%
6 Austria-Hungary[1]47,295,100 2.8%
 Empire of Japan (including Taiwan)46,605,000 2.7%
7 Empire of Japan[3] (Japan proper only)43,847,000 2.6%
8 Dutch East Indies[lower-alpha 4][1] (Netherlands)42,746,000 2.5%
9 United Kingdom[1]39,875,900 2.3%
10 France (Metropolitan France only)[1]38,900,000 2.3%
11 Italy[1]32,475,000 1.9%
 Ottoman Empire[lower-alpha 5][lower-alpha 6][1]31,706,300 1.9%
12 Spain[1]18,594,000 1.1%
13 Brazil[1]17,984,000 1.1%
14 Korean Empire[4]17,082,000 1.0%
15 Mexico[1]13,607,000 0.8%
Portuguese Empire12,434,000 0.7%
16 Abyssinia[1]12,180,600[5] 0.7%
Egypt[1] (UK)10,186,000 0.6%
17 Persia[1]9,860,000 0.6%
Northern Nigeria (UK)8,500,000 0.5%
Southern Nigeria (UK)7,500,000 0.4%
Philippine Islands[1] (United States)7,409,000 0.4%
Union between Sweden and Norway[1]7,354,400 0.4%
18 Morocco[6]7,000,000 0.4%
19 Belgium[1]6,693,500 0.4%
20 Siam[1]6,320,000 0.4%
21 Romania[1]6,000,000 0.4%
Tonkin[1] (France)6,000,000 0.4%
Anglo-Egyptian Sudan[1] (UK/Egypt)5,588,000 0.3%
22 Portugal[1] (Portugal proper only)5,450,000 0.3%
 Canada[1]5,301,000 0.3%
23 Sweden[1] (Union between Sweden and Norway)5,136,400 0.3%
24 Netherlands[1]5,104,100 0.3%
Portuguese West Africa[1] (Portugal)4,790,000 0.3%
Algeria[1] (France)4,675,000 0.3%
Annam[1] (France protectorate)4,620,000 0.3%
25 Afghanistan[1]4,550,000 0.3%
26 Argentina[1]4,542,000 0.3%
Ireland[1] (UK)4,470,000 0.3%
Arabia[lower-alpha 7]4,218,000 0.2%
 Tibet (China)4,200,000 0.2%
27 Colombia[lower-alpha 8][1]4,157,000 0.2%
Ceylon[1] (UK)3,912,000 0.2%
 Australia[1] (UK)3,765,300 0.2%
28 Bulgaria[1]3,744,300 0.2%
29 Nepal[1]3,599,000 0.2%
Cameroon (Germany)3,500,000 0.2%
German East Africa (Germany)3,500,000 0.2%
30  Switzerland[1]3,315,400 0.2%
31 Chile[1]3,110,100 0.18%
32 Peru[1]3,000,000 0.18%
Cochin-China[1] (France)2,968,500 0.17%
Taiwan[7] (Japan)2,758,161 0.16%
Ruanda-Urundi (Germany)2,700,000 0.16%
Sudan[1] (France)2,672,000 0.16%
Finland[1] (Russia)2,655,900 0.16%
33 Serbia[1][lower-alpha 9]2,579,800 0.15%
34 Greece[8]2,504,070 0.15%
Cape Colony (UK)2,500,000 0.15%
35 Venezuela[1]2,445,000 0.14%
36 Denmark[1]2,430,000 0.14%
Madagascar[1] (France)2,249,500 0.13%
Portuguese East Africa[1] (Portugal)2,239,000 0.13%
Upper Volta[1] (France)2,222,000 0.13%
Norway[1] (Union between Sweden and Norway)2,218,000 0.13%
Tunis[1] (France)1,900,000 0.11%
37 Bolivia[1]1,766,000 0.10%
 Uganda[1][lower-alpha 10] (UK)1,649,900 0.10%
Cuba[1] (United States)1,600,000
 Gold Coast[1] (UK)1,486,400
Niger[1] (France)1,459,000
French Guinea (France)[lower-alpha 11]1,459,000
 Kenya[1] (UK)1,352,000
 South African Republic1,400,000
Ivory Coast[1] (France)1,355,000
38 Ecuador[1]1,271,900
Bukhara (Russia)1,250,000
Senegal[1] (France)1,200,000
 Cambodia[1][lower-alpha 12] (France)1,103,000
Sierra Leone[1] (UK)1,027,000
Puerto Rico[1] (United States)986,000
39 Uruguay[1]943,000
Natal[1][lower-alpha 13] (UK)925,100
Togoland (Germany)920,000
Malaya (UK)900,000
40 Guatemala[1]885,000
Nyasaland[1] (UK)717,000
Chad[1] (France)675,000
 New Zealand[1] (UK)802,200
41 El Salvador[1]801,000
 Northern Rhodesia (UK)770,000
 Jamaica[1] (UK)720,000
 Southern Rhodesia[1] (UK)692,000
42 Liberia[1]641,000
43 Paraguay[1]635,600
Oubangui-Chari (France)630,000
44 Dominican Republic[1]600,000
Dahomey (France)570,000
 Straits Settlements (UK)550,000
45 Spanish Honduras[1]543,700
Mauretania[1] (France)502,000
46 Muscat and Oman500,000
Sarawak (UK)500,000
Portuguese India (Portugal)475,000
Laos[1] (France)473,000
47 Nicaragua[1]429,300
Italian Somaliland (Italy)400,000
Khiva (Russia)400,000
48 Orange Free State400,000
Territory of Papua (UK, de facto Australia)400,000
Basutoland (UK)383,000
Mauritius (UK)375,000
49 Costa Rica341,600
Hong Kong (UK)325,000
50 Montenegro320,000
Trinidad and Tobago (UK)320,000
Crete (Ottoman Empire)310,000
 North Borneo (UK)300,000
 British Guiana (UK)300,000
British Somaliland (UK)300,000
Portuguese Timor (Portugal)300,000
 Bhutan (Indian Empire)280,000
French India (France)280,000
Belgian Congo (France)280,000
Azores (Portugal)260,000
51 Luxembourg252,000
Zanzibar (UK)250,000
Cyprus (UK)240,000
Gabon (France)240,000
Newfoundland (UK)230,000
Eritrea (Italy)220,000
German South-West Africa (Germany)210,000
Guinea (Portugal)200,000
 Malta (UK)195,000
Guadeloupe (France)190,000
German New Guinea (Germany)188,000
Kwang-Chou-Wan (France)185,000
Martinique (France)185,000
 Barbados (UK)182,000
Réunion (France)178,000
Gambia (UK)165,000
Madeira (Portugal)160,000
Hawaii (United States)154,000
Spanish Guinea (or Río Muni) (Spain)150,000
Cape Verde (Portugal)140,000
British Solomon Islands (UK)135,000
 Fiji (UK)125,000
Comoros (France)112,000
Bechuanaland (UK)90,000
Swaziland (UK)90,000
Surinam (Netherlands)86,000
 Iceland (Denmark)82,000
Macau (Portugal)80,000
Bahrain (UK)70,000
Grenada (UK)70,000
Trucial Oman (UK)70,000
Alaska (United States)63,592
São Tomé and Príncipe (Portugal)61,000
Kiaochow (Germany)60,000
Sikkim (Indian Empire)60,000
 Isle of Man (UK)57,000
Maldives (UK)56,000
Bahamas (UK)55,000
 Jersey (UK)54,000
New Caledonia (France)54,000
French Somaliland (France)50,000
German Solomon Islands (Germany)50,000
New Hebrides (UK and France)50,000
Saint Lucia (UK)50,000
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (UK)49,000
Aden Protectorate (UK)45,000
 British Honduras (UK)45,000
Saint Kitts (with Nevis) (UK)45,000
Netherlands Antilles (Netherlands)44,000
 Guernsey (UK)42,000
Kuwait (UK)40,000
Rio de Oro (Spain)40,000
German Samoa (Germany)37,000
Caroline Islands (Germany)36,000
Antigua (with Barbuda and Redonda) (UK)35,000
Dominica (UK)32,000
Gilbert Islands (UK)30,000
French Polynesia (France)30,000
Gibraltar (UK)29,000
Danish Virgin Islands (Denmark)28,000
Fernando Po (Spain)25,000
French Guiana (France)24,000
Brunei (UK)22,000
Spanish Morocco[lower-alpha 14] (Spain)22,000
Seychelles (UK)22,000
 Tonga (UK)21,000
Bermuda (UK)20,000
52 Monaco19,000
Faroe Islands (Denmark)17,000
Micronesia (Germany)15,000
Witu (UK)15,000
Marshall Islands (Germany)15,000
Greenland (Denmark)13,000
Guam (United States)12,000
Montserrat (UK)12,000
Qatar (UK)11,000
53 San Marino11,000
54 Liechtenstein10,000
55 Andorra6,000
Cook Islands (UK)6,000
American Samoa (United States)6,000
Wallis and Futuna (France)6,000
 Turks and Caicos Islands (UK)5,500
British Virgin Islands (UK)5,000
 Cayman Islands (UK)5,000
Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France)5,000
Anguilla (UK)4,500
 Saint Helena (UK)4,500
Palau (Germany)4,000
 Niue (UK)4,000
Elobey, Annobón and Corisco (Spain)3,000
Neutral Moresnet3,000
Mariana Islands (Germany)2,500
Ellice Islands (UK)2,400
 Falkland Islands (UK)2,300
Nauru (Germany)1,500
Christmas Island (UK)900
Cocos Islands (UK)650
Tokelau Islands (UK)500
Pitcairn Islands (UK)170
Ascension Island (UK)100
Tristan da Cunha (UK)95
Phoenix Islands (UK)69
56 Tavolara (claimed by Italy)55
Historical Demographics

Altar Domitius Ahenobarbus Louvre
Articles
Demographic history
Historical demography
World population estimates
List of Countries by Population
180019001907
World map of 1910 showing colonial possessions and commercial highways

Notes

  1. please see references for each constituent.
  2. unofficially the "Indian Empire". Comprises modern-day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, and Burma.
  3. excludes external territories
  4. modern-day Indonesia
  5. Highly centralized. Certain subdivisions, such as the Cretan State, were listed separately.
  6. does not include the tributary states of Egypt, Bulgaria, East Rumelia, Samos, or Thasos
  7. Mostly Tihamah, Hejaz, Nejd, Hadramaut, Yemen
  8. including modern-day Panama
  9. figures for Serbia are from 1902.
  10. figures for Uganda are from 1902
  11. figures are for 1901.
  12. figures for Cambodia are from 1901.
  13. figures are from 1901.
  14. mainly Ceuta and Melilla.

References

  1. "Population statistics: historical demography". Various sources (below). Archived from the original on 23 February 2015. Retrieved 3 March 2013.
  2. Statistik des Deutschen Reichs. Band 150: Die Volkszählung am 1. Dezember 1900 im Deutschen Reich. Berlin, 1903, according to Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte 1871 - 1990 © 2006 by Dr. Michael Rademacher M.A., http://www.verwaltungsgeschichte.de/fremdsprachen.html
  3. Estimated population as of Jan, 1. 1900. Meiji go-nen ikō wagakoku no jinkō (1930). .
  4. 권태환 신용하 (1977). 조선왕조시대 인구추정에 관한 일시론 (in Korean).
  5. Epstein, M. (2016-12-24). The Statesman's Year-Book: Statistical and Historical Annual of the States of the World for the Year 1933. Springer. ISBN 978-0-230-27062-6.
  6. Martin, Frederick; Keltie, Sir John Scott; Renwick, Isaac Parker Anderson; Epstein, Mortimer; Steinberg, Sigfrid Henry; Paxton, John; (Librarian), Brian Hunter (1905). "The Statesman's Year-book".
  7. Population as of December 31, 1899, based on koseki registration system. The first census population of Taiwan was 3,039,751 on October 1, 1905. Taiwan genjū jinkō tōkei-hyō (1925).
  8. Michalopoulos, Ioannis G., ed. (May 1931), Στατιστικὴ Ἑπετηρὶς τῆς Ἑλλάδος–1930 [Statistical Yearbook of Greece–1930] (PDF) (in Greek and French), Athens: Hellenic Statistical Authority, p. 23, archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016
  • Kurt Witthauer. Bevölkerung der Erde (1958)
  • Calendario atlante de Agostini, anno 99 (2003)
  • The Columbia gazetteer of the world (1998)
  • Britannica book of the year : world data (1997)
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