List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita
This is a list of countries by carbon dioxide emissions per capita.
The first section is devoted to emissions based on the production of goods and services within each country (also known as territorial-based emissions). It provides data regarding carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and cement manufacture but not emissions from land-use, land-use change and forestry (which includes deforestation). Emissions from international shipping or bunker fuels are also not included in national figures,[2] which can make a significant difference for small countries with important ports.
The second section provides data regarding emissions based on consumption of goods and services in each country. In addition to the emissions from goods and services produced locally, consumption-based accounting also includes the emissions from the consumption of goods and services produced abroad, i.e. imports, while it excludes emissions from the production of goods and services consumed abroad, i.e. exports. As it takes into account the emissions embodied in international trade, it is thus also known as trade-adjusted emissions accounting.
Carbon dioxide is the most important, though not the only anthropogenic greenhouse gas. For a more complete idea of how a country influences climate change, gases such as methane and nitrous oxide should be taken into account. This is particularly so in agricultural economies.
Carbon dioxide emissions are also known for earlier periods. A study of a global sample of twelve countries provide estimates for CO
2 emissions since 1800 and explores the long-run drivers of carbon dioxide emissions by decomposing changes in carbon emissions into population, income, technological and energy mix changes.[3]
Production-based emissions: annual carbon dioxide emissions in tons per capita
1980 | 1985 | 1990 | 1995 | 2000 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2018 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Afghanistan | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Albania | 1.9 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Algeria | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
American Samoa | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | .. |
Andorra | .. | .. | 7.5 | 6.7 | 8.0 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.0 |
Angola | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 |
Antigua and Barbuda | 1.9 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 6.2 |
Argentina | 3.9 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.7 |
Armenia | .. | .. | .. | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
Aruba | .. | .. | 26.4 | 20.8 | 26.2 | 26.2 | 25.9 | 24.7 | 24.5 | 13.2 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 9.2 | 9.3 |
Australia | 15.0 | 15.3 | 15.5 | 15.6 | 17.2 | 18.2 | 18.2 | 17.7 | 17.5 | 17.1 | 16.1 | 15.4 | 16.9 | 16.8 |
Austria | 6.9 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 8.0 | 8.2 |
Azerbaijan | .. | .. | .. | 4.3 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.5 |
Bahamas | 37.9 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 7.7 | 7.7 |
Bahrain | 21.9 | 24.3 | 25.1 | 26.3 | 28.1 | 26.7 | 23.8 | 23.6 | 22.4 | 20.5 | 23.8 | 23.4 | 24.6 | 21.8 |
Bangladesh | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Barbados | 2.7 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 4.4 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 11.2 | 11.6 |
Belarus | .. | .. | .. | 6.0 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.8 |
Belgium | 13.7 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 10.2 | 9.0 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 9.2 |
Belize | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Benin | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Bermuda | 8.0 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 8.9 | 8.4 | 9.9 | 7.3 | 9.3 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 8.8 | 6.9 | 7.2 |
Bhutan | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.9 |
Bolivia | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | .. | .. | .. | 0.9 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 7.8 |
Botswana | 1.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
Brazil | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.4 |
British Virgin Islands | 2.7 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 4.8 |
Brunei | 35.5 | 11.6 | 23.9 | 16.1 | 14.1 | 24.0 | 20.5 | 21.1 | 24.6 | 24.2 | 19.2 | 22.1 | 15.6 | 16.0 |
Bulgaria | 8.7 | 10.0 | 8.5 | 6.9 | 5.3 | 6.8 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 6.3 |
Burkina Faso | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Burundi | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Cape Verde | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.9 |
Cambodia | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Cameroon | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Canada | 18.0 | 16.3 | 15.7 | 15.9 | 17.4 | 16.9 | 16.0 | 15.7 | 15.6 | 14.9 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 16.4 | 16.1 |
Cayman Islands | 10.0 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 11.5 | 11.2 | 11.0 | 10.3 | 10.0 | 10.4 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 8.2 | 8.1 |
Central African Republic | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Chad | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Chile | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 5.0 |
China | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
Colombia | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.8 |
Comoros | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Democratic Republic of the Congo | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
Republic of the Congo | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
Cook Islands | .. | .. | 2.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.3 | 2.4 |
Costa Rica | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 |
Ivory Coast | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Croatia | .. | .. | .. | 3.6 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 4.7 |
Cuba | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.4 |
Curaçao | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 39.4 | 33.9 | 37.7 | 46.7 | 52.1 |
Cyprus | 4.7 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 7.3 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 6.3 |
Czech Republic | .. | .. | .. | 12.0 | 12.1 | 11.2 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 10.2 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 10.1 | 10.4 |
Denmark | 11.8 | 11.7 | 9.8 | 10.9 | 9.6 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 7.3 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.8 |
Djibouti | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Dominica | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Dominican Republic | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
Ecuador | 1.7 | 2.1 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
Egypt | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
El Salvador | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
Equatorial Guinea | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 6.2 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 3.0 | 2.5 |
Eritrea | .. | .. | .. | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | .. | .. | .. | 0.1 | 0.2 |
Estonia | .. | .. | .. | 12.2 | 10.6 | 13.1 | 10.9 | 13.6 | 14.0 | 13.3 | 15.1 | 14.8 | 15.1 | 18.6 |
Eswatini | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
Ethiopia | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
Falkland Islands | .. | .. | 6.5 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 13.0 | 13.6 |
Faroe Islands | .. | .. | 0.0 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Fiji | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
Finland | 12.2 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 10.0 | 11.6 | 10.5 | 9.1 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 8.8 |
France | 9.1 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
French Guiana | .. | .. | 3.2 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.7 | 2.6 |
French Polynesia | 1.9 | 3.3 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 |
Gabon | 9.1 | 7.6 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.4 | 3.2 |
Gambia | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Georgia | .. | .. | .. | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.8 |
Germany | .. | .. | .. | 10.6 | 10.1 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 9.6 | 9.1 |
Ghana | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Gibraltar | 2.9 | 1.5 | 4.9 | 9.1 | 10.7 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 13.5 | 13.7 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 16.8 | 19.6 |
Greece | 5.3 | 6.1 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.5 |
Greenland | 11.2 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 11.7 | 12.4 | 10.0 | 9.8 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 9.4 |
Grenada | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
Guadeloupe | .. | .. | 2.3 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.0 | 5.2 |
Guam | .. | .. | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Guatemala | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.2 |
Guinea | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Guinea-Bissau | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Guyana | 2.3 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.5 |
Haiti | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Honduras | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
Hong Kong | 3.3 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.1 |
Hungary | 8.1 | 8.1 | 6.7 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 5.4 |
Iceland | 8.2 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 11.6 | 12.1 |
India | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 |
Indonesia | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.1 |
Iran | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 8.9 |
Iraq | 3.3 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4.8 |
Ireland | 7.7 | 7.6 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 10.8 | 9.6 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 8.1 | 7.7 |
Isle of Man | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | .. | .. | .. |
Israel | 5.5 | 5.9 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 8.6 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 7.9 |
Italy | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 7.6 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 5.8 |
Jamaica | 3.9 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 |
Japan | 8.1 | 7.6 | 8.9 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.4 |
Jordan | 2.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.6 |
Kazakhstan | .. | .. | .. | 10.7 | 7.9 | 14.9 | 13.3 | 15.2 | 15.6 | 14.5 | 15.4 | 14.4 | 14.6 | 16.8 |
Kenya | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Kiribati | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
North Korea | .. | .. | 6.5 | .. | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.2 |
South Korea | 3.5 | 4.4 | 5.8 | 8.3 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 13.6 |
Kosovo | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.7 | .. |
Kuwait | 18.0 | 16.8 | 24.3 | 34.0 | 26.1 | 31.2 | 31.0 | 29.9 | 28.5 | 30.1 | 27.3 | 25.2 | 24.3 | 23.9 |
Kyrgyzstan | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
Laos | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
Latvia | .. | .. | .. | 3.8 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.1 |
Lebanon | 2.4 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
Lesotho | .. | .. | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Liberia | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Libya | 8.4 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 9.3 | 8.8 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 10.0 | 6.4 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 8.7 |
Liechtenstein | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.2 | .. | .. |
Lithuania | .. | .. | .. | 4.5 | 3.5 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 5.0 |
Luxembourg | 30.3 | 25.0 | 26.2 | 20.4 | 18.9 | 22.4 | 20.9 | 21.6 | 21.1 | 20.1 | 18.5 | 17.4 | 16.5 | 16.9 |
Macau | 2.2 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 2.6 | 3.9 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
North Macedonia | .. | .. | .. | 5.5 | 5.9 | 4.5 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 |
Madagascar | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Malawi | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Malaysia | 2.0 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 8.0 |
Maldives | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Mali | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Malta | 3.2 | 3.6 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 4.0 | 3.5 |
Marshall Islands | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | .. | .. |
Martinique | .. | .. | 2.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.1 | 6.4 |
Mauritania | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Mauritius | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.5 |
Mexico | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 |
Federated States of Micronesia | .. | .. | .. | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | .. | .. |
Moldova | .. | .. | .. | 3.0 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.0 | 2.1 |
Monaco | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 2.8 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Mongolia | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 7.8 | 9.3 | 13.5 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 6.3 |
Montenegro | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 4.5 | 3.0 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 6.0 | 6.3 |
Morocco | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 |
Mozambique | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Myanmar | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Namibia | .. | .. | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
Nauru | 16.7 | 15.3 | 13.6 | 10.7 | 8.4 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.0 | .. | .. |
Nepal | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Netherlands | 12.5 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 11.6 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 11.0 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 9.5 |
New Caledonia | 14.3 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 14.2 | 14.3 | 14.0 | 16.1 | 16.0 | 18.7 | 26.2 |
New Zealand | 5.6 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.7 |
Nicaragua | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
Niger | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Nigeria | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Norway | 9.3 | 9.8 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 8.8 | 11.7 | 11.5 | 12.3 | 9.1 | 9.9 | 11.5 | 9.3 | 8.8 | 9.4 |
Oman | 5.2 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 9.7 | 15.5 | 14.3 | 15.6 | 16.7 | 17.1 | 16.5 | 15.4 | 18.8 | 17.6 |
Pakistan | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
Palau | 12.9 | 11.8 | 15.6 | 13.6 | 13.0 | 12.5 | 12.1 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 56.1 | 58.0 |
Panama | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 2.8 |
Papua New Guinea | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Paraguay | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Peru | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.8 |
Philippines | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 |
Poland | 13.1 | 12.0 | 9.7 | 8.9 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 8.8 |
Portugal | 2.8 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 5.1 |
Puerto Rico | .. | .. | 0.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Qatar | 58.5 | 33.4 | 24.7 | 61.9 | 58.6 | 46.7 | 43.5 | 40.7 | 41.2 | 44.6 | 37.8 | 45.4 | 39.4 | 38.2 |
Réunion | .. | .. | 1.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.1 | 3.4 |
Romania | 8.8 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 5.6 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.1 |
Russia | .. | .. | .. | 11.0 | 10.6 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 12.4 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 12.1 |
Rwanda | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Samoa | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
San Marino | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 6.0 | 5.8 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Saudi Arabia | 17.4 | 13.1 | 11.4 | 12.6 | 14.3 | 16.6 | 17.6 | 18.9 | 17.7 | 19.4 | 18.1 | 19.5 | 19.3 | 18.6 |
Senegal | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Serbia | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 7.1 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 6.3 |
Seychelles | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 7.1 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 4.9 | 3.9 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 5.4 | 9.5 | 10.3 |
Sierra Leone | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Singapore | 13.0 | 12.2 | 14.6 | 12.0 | 12.2 | 7.5 | 11.2 | 11.0 | 8.7 | 6.8 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 9.3 | 9.7 |
Sint Maarten | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 20.1 | 19.5 | 19.5 | .. | .. |
Slovakia | .. | .. | .. | 7.9 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 7.0 |
Slovenia | .. | .. | .. | 7.2 | 7.2 | 8.6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 7.5 |
Solomon Islands | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Somalia | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
South Africa | 7.7 | 9.6 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 9.0 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 9.0 | 8.6 | 8.3 |
South Sudan | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Spain | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.9 | 6.0 |
Sri Lanka | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | .. | .. | 1.7 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3.7 | 4.4 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1.2 | 1.2 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.4 |
Saint Lucia | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | .. | .. | 23.6 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 12.0 | 12.5 |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.7 |
Sudan | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | .. | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Suriname | 6.5 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4.0 |
Sweden | 8.6 | 7.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 |
Switzerland | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
Syria | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Taiwan | .. | .. | 6.1 | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 11.3 | 12.0 |
Tajikistan | .. | .. | .. | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Tanzania | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Thailand | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 4.1 |
Timor-Leste | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Togo | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
Tonga | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
Trinidad and Tobago | 15.6 | 17.7 | 13.9 | 13.6 | 18.8 | 33.7 | 34.0 | 36.1 | 35.2 | 33.9 | 34.5 | 34.2 | 26.7 | 26.2 |
Tunisia | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.8 |
Turkey | 1.7 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5.1 |
Turkmenistan | .. | .. | .. | 8.1 | 8.3 | 11.5 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 13.4 | 14.4 |
Turks and Caicos Islands | .. | .. | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 4.8 | 4.7 |
Tuvalu | .. | .. | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | .. | .. |
Uganda | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Ukraine | .. | .. | .. | 8.7 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.5 |
United Arab Emirates | 35.4 | 35.9 | 28.0 | 28.8 | 35.7 | 22.8 | 21.9 | 19.4 | 19.1 | 19.8 | 19.0 | 23.3 | 22.1 | 22.4 |
United Kingdom | 10.3 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 5.6 |
United States | 20.8 | 18.9 | 19.3 | 19.3 | 20.2 | 18.5 | 17.2 | 17.4 | 17.0 | 16.3 | 16.3 | 16.5 | 16.3 | 16.1 |
Uruguay | 2.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
Uzbekistan | .. | .. | .. | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.1 |
Vanuatu | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Venezuela | 5.9 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 3.7 |
Vietnam | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.8 |
United States Virgin Islands | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. |
West Bank and Gaza | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | .. | .. | .. |
Yemen | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Zambia | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
Zimbabwe | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Rank | Country | 1990 | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. | Qatar | 25.2 | 36.7 | 54.3 | 60.9 | 58.7 | 58.6 | 59.2 | 65.8 | 57.0 | 53.3 | 56.3 | 43.2 | 40.9 | 41.8 | 50.5 | 64.2 | 49.5 | 55.4 | 48.6 | 44.0 | 42.6 | 44.0 |
2. | Trinidad and Tobago | 13.9 | 17.1 | 17.0 | 13.5 | 15.8 | 16.6 | 17.1 | 15.0 | 15.0 | 17.7 | 18.9 | 19.2 | 20.6 | 21.2 | 24.0 | 23.5 | 26.1 | 27.9 | 37.3 | 35.8 | 38.3 | 37.1 |
3. | Netherlands Antilles | 32.6 | 26.9 | 22.6 | 35.0 | 34.3 | 34.1 | 32.5 | 34.2 | 1.5 | 11.6 | 31.6 | 32.2 | 31.0 | 30.1 | 31.3 | 30.7 | 29.4 | 32.5 | 31.9 | 31.0 | ||
4. | Kuwait | 19.0 | 5.1 | 10.0 | 16.9 | 20.8 | 30.8 | 28.5 | 33.8 | 32.3 | 31.4 | 31.9 | 28.8 | 26.2 | 28.9 | 31.1 | 33.3 | 31.1 | 30.7 | 31.3 | 30.3 | 29.7 | 28.1 |
5. | Brunei | 25.0 | 22.0 | 21.4 | 20.0 | 18.8 | 18.7 | 18.5 | 18.7 | 18.8 | 14.1 | 19.6 | 18.2 | 17.1 | 16.4 | 16.7 | 15.4 | 14.5 | 25.3 | 27.6 | 23.7 | 21.9 | 24.4 |
6. | United Arab Emirates | 29.4 | 30.2 | 29.5 | 31.1 | 33.1 | 30.3 | 16.9 | 16.4 | 34.2 | 29.0 | 39.1 | 33.3 | 23.3 | 28.2 | 28.7 | 28.3 | 28.7 | 25.3 | 24.7 | 22.6 | 20.1 | 20.4 |
7. | Aruba | 29.1 | 29.4 | 25.0 | 24.3 | 23.2 | 22.5 | 22.1 | 22.0 | 19.5 | 19.3 | 24.9 | 24.4 | 24.1 | 23.6 | 23.1 | 22.9 | 22.5 | 23.0 | 21.7 | 21.5 | 24.2 | 23.9 |
8. | Bahrain | 24.1 | 22.6 | 20.1 | 27.8 | 27.2 | 27.7 | 26.3 | 28.5 | 29.6 | 28.4 | 30.4 | 22.7 | 24.7 | 25.3 | 25.4 | 27.1 | 28.6 | 24.2 | 23.1 | 20.7 | 18.4 | 17.9 |
9. | Luxembourg | 25.9 | 27.6 | 30.2 | 27.3 | 25.4 | 20.4 | 20.4 | 18.8 | 17.3 | 17.8 | 18.9 | 19.4 | 21.0 | 21.9 | 24.1 | 24.4 | 24.1 | 22.8 | 21.9 | 20.4 | 21.6 | 20.9 |
10. | Falkland Islands | 18.5 | 17.9 | 17.2 | 16.4 | 15.7 | 16.3 | 17.2 | 18.1 | 13.4 | 13 | 12.8 | 15 | 14.9 | 16.2 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 19.8 | 19.8 | 19.7 | 19.6 | ||
11. | Australia | 17.2 | 16.6 | 16.9 | 17.2 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 18.1 | 18.0 | 18.7 | 17.3 | 17.2 | 16.6 | 17.1 | 17.1 | 16.9 | 17.9 | 18.0 | 18.1 | 18.3 | 18.3 | 16.7 | 16.5 |
12. | United States | 19.1 | 18.9 | 18.6 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.3 | 19.4 | 19.7 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 20.0 | 19.3 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 19.3 | 19.3 | 18.8 | 19.3 | 18.5 | 17.2 | 17.5 | 17.0 |
13. | Saudi Arabia | 13.2 | 16.0 | 16.7 | 18.0 | 17.4 | 12.9 | 13.8 | 11.3 | 10.5 | 11.2 | 14.3 | 13.8 | 14.8 | 14.4 | 15.0 | 15.5 | 15.9 | 15.4 | 16.0 | 16.1 | 19.0 | 18.1 |
14. | Canada | 16.2 | 16.0 | 16.5 | 16.7 | 15.7 | 15.7 | 15.8 | 16.2 | 15.9 | 15.7 | 17.5 | 17.0 | 16.7 | 17.5 | 17.3 | 17.3 | 16.8 | 16.5 | 16.4 | 15.3 | 14.6 | 14.1 |
15. | Oman | 5.6 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 10.3 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 13.1 | 14.9 | 17.7 | 16.0 | 15.2 | 19.1 | 20.2 |
16. | Gibraltar | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 11.7 | 14.0 | 12.1 | 6.7 | 4.2 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 11.6 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 12.3 | 12.7 | 13.9 | 14.4 | 14.8 | 15.4 | 14.6 |
17. | Faroe Islands | 13.2 | 12.7 | 14.4 | 13.4 | 11.9 | 14.7 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 15.1 | 15.0 | 14.4 | 14.3 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 14.6 | 14.6 | 13.0 | 11.7 |
18. | Nauru | 14.4 | 14.1 | 14.3 | 14.0 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 14.2 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.1 | 14.0 | 14.4 | 5.5 | 5.1 |
19. | Kazakhstan | - | - | 15.9 | 13.6 | 12.4 | 10.5 | 9.0 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 8.5 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 12.6 | 14.2 | 14.7 | 14.3 | 15.1 | 15.8 |
20. | Montserrat | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 5.9 | 7.4 | 8.4 | 11.1 | 12.7 | 14.1 | 14 | 13.1 | 12.4 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.1 | ||
21. | New Caledonia | 9.5 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 9 | 8.9 | 9 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 10.9 | 12.1 | 11 | 11.9 | 11.6 | 12.4 | 13.7 | 12.0 | 15.7 | 15.2 |
22. | Estonia | - | - | 16.4 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 13.7 | 12.7 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 12 | 11.8 | 13.6 | 13.9 | 13.6 | 13.1 | 14.9 | 13.7 | 11.9 | 13.8 | 14.0 |
23. | Russia | - | - | 14 | 12.8 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 12.0 | 11.0 | 12.2 | 12.6 |
24. | Saint Pierre and Miquelon | 14.6 | 16.4 | 15.1 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 10.6 | 10 | 10.7 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 10.9 | ||
25. | South Korea | 5.6 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 9 | 9.4 | 8 | 8.8 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 11.5 | 11.8 |
26. | Czech Republic | - | - | 13.5 | 12.8 | 12.3 | 12.5 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.5 | 11 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 11.3 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 10.4 |
27. | Taiwan[8][9] | 6.2 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 10.9 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 11.2 | 10.3 | ||
28. | Netherlands | 11 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 12 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 10.3 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.2 | 10.9 | 10.1 |
29. | Greenland | 10 | 9.9 | 8.7 | 9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 7.5 | 9.4 | 8.3 | 11.1 | 10.0 | 10.1 | 11.7 | 12.4 |
30. | Libya | 9.2 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 10.2 | 9.4 | 9 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 10.5 | 6.2 |
31. | Finland | 10.2 | 11 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 11.7 | 10.2 | 12 | 11.7 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 10.9 | 11.7 | 13.2 | 12.8 | 10.4 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 10.7 | 10.0 | 11.5 | 10.2 |
32. | Norway | 7.4 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 9.3 | 10.1 | 10 | 10.6 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 9.4 | 9.1 |
33. | Palau | 15.7 | 15.4 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 10.9 |
34. | Cayman Islands | 9.7 | 10 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.3 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 10 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 10.0 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10.3 |
35. | Cyprus | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 8 | 8.1 | 7.8 | 8 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 9 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 7.4 | 7.0 | 6.7 |
36. | Belgium | 10.8 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 10.8 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 11.5 | 11.8 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 10.5 | 11.2 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 10.0 | 8.8 |
37. | Ireland | 8.6 | 9.4 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 10 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 11.3 | 11 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 7.9 |
38. | Germany | - | 12 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 11.1 | 11 | 11.3 | 11 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 8.9 |
39. | Japan | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 9.3 |
40. | Turkmenistan | - | - | 7.2 | 6.9 | 8.2 | 8.3 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 5.9 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9.5 | 10.1 | 11.4 | 12.2 |
41. | Greece | 7.2 | 6.6 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.5 | 7.8 | 7.6 |
42. | South Africa | 9.1 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.9 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 8 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 9.3 |
43. | United Kingdom | 10 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 10 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 9 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 8.5 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.1 |
44. | Slovenia | - | - | 6.4 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
45. | Denmark | 9.8 | 11.9 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 11.7 | 10.7 | 13 | 11 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 10.4 | 9.4 | 8.6 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 8.4 | 7.2 |
46. | Poland | 9.1 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 9 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8 | 8 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8.3 |
47. | Bosnia and Herzegovina | - | - | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 6.2 |
48. | Seychelles | 1.6 | 2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 7 | 7.9 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 9.4 | 8.4 | 9 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 7.7 | 6.8 |
49. | Austria | 7.9 | 8.5 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 7.8 |
European Union | 8.8 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.6 | 8.6 | |||||||||||||||
50. | New Zealand | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 8 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.1 |
51. | Malaysia | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 7.9 |
52. | Italy | 7.5 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.7 |
53. | Spain | 5.9 | 6 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 8 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.8 |
54. | Iran | 4 | 4 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.8 |
55. | Equatorial Guinea | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 5.7 | 8.9 | 10.4 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 8.9 |
China | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 7.2 | |
56. | Iceland | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.3 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 8.2 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.9 |
57. | Ukraine | - | - | 11.9 | 10.1 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 7 | 7 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 5.6 | 6.6 | 6.3 |
58. | Singapore | 15.6 | 15.3 | 15.8 | 16.7 | 19.4 | 13.5 | 15.4 | 18.7 | 16.2 | 13.3 | 13 | 12.9 | 12.4 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 7.0 | 4.8 | 2.7 | 4.3 |
69. | Slovakia | - | - | 8.6 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 8.1 | 8 | 7.8 | 8 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.4 |
60. | Bulgaria | 8.7 | 6.8 | 6 | 7.9 | 6.4 | 7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 6 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.7 |
61. | Belarus | - | - | 9.6 | 7.8 | 7 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.7 |
62. | Andorra | - | - | - | - | - | 6.3 | 6.5 | 7 | 7.4 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.0 |
63. | Bahamas | 7.6 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.0 | 4.6 | 6.8 | 5.2 |
64. | Malta | 6 | 6 | 6.1 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 6.0 |
65. | France | 7 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 7 | 6.5 | 7 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.2 |
66. | Venezuela | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 6 | 6 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 6.4 |
67. | Bermuda | 10 | 8.5 | 6.7 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 8 | 10.5 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 6.1 |
68. | North Macedonia | - | - | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.5 |
69. | Hong Kong | 4.8 | 5 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 6 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.7 |
70. | Hungary | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 6 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 4.9 |
71. | Azerbaijan | - | - | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 4.3 | 4 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.6 |
72. | Switzerland | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.6 |
73. | Israel | 7.8 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 9.0 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 8.9 | 8.6 | 9.3 | 8.6 | 9.0 | 9.0 |
74. | Sweden | 6 | 6.4 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.5 |
75. | Barbados | 4.1 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 5 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.6 |
76. | Portugal | 4.4 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 5 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 6 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.7 |
77. | Croatia | - | - | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 5 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.8 |
79. | Antigua and Barbuda | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.8 |
80. | Serbia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 7.3 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.8 |
81. | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 |
82. | Turks and Caicos Islands | - | - | - | - | - | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 4 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.0 |
83. | Argentina | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 4 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.6 |
84. | Martinique | 5.8 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 4.1 | 4 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | |||
85. | Guadeloupe | 3.3 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | |||
86. | Suriname | 4.5 | 5.1 | 5 | 5.1 | 5 | 5 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 3.6 |
World | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 4.9 | |||||||||||||||
87. | Uzbekistan | 5.3 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.9 | ||
88. | Lithuania | 6 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.5 | ||
89. | British Virgin Islands | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 |
90. | Jamaica | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.9 |
91. | Mexico | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3.9 | 4 | 3.9 | 4 | 4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.9 |
92. | Romania | 6.8 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 4 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 |
93. | Chile | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 4 | 4 | 4.1 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.6 |
94. | French Guiana | 7 | 6.9 | 7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | ||||
95. | Algeria | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.3 |
96. | Mongolia | 4.5 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 6.9 |
97. | Thailand | 1.7 | 2 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 4 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.5 |
98. | Turkey | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.4 |
99. | Jordan | 3.2 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.3 |
100. | Anguilla | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1.7 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | ||||
101. | Réunion | 2.4 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 3 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.5 | ||||
102. | Cook Islands | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.4 | ||||
103. | Iraq | 2.9 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3 | 3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 2.2 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 4.2 |
104. | Latvia | - | - | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
105. | Syria | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 4 | 4 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.8 |
106. | Lebanon | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.8 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 3.6 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 4.5 |
107. | French Polynesia | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.2 |
108. | Mauritius | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 |
109. | Macau | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3 | 3.2 | 3 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.1 |
110. | North Korea | 12.2 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.4 | 12.1 | 11.9 | 11.7 | 10.6 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
111. | Maldives | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.0 |
112. | Botswana | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2 | 2 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.3 |
113. | Niue | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 | ||||
114. | Cuba | 3.1 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 3.4 | 3.2 |
115. | Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | ||||
116. | Tunisia | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
117. | Egypt | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
118. | Grenada | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2 | 1.9 | 2 | 2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
119. | Saint Lucia | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 |
120. | Ecuador | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
121. | Panama | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2 | 2 | 2.3 | 1.9 | 2 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
122. | Dominican Republic | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
123. | Guyana | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
124. | Brazil | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
125. | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
126. | Uruguay | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 2.3 |
127. | Wallis and Futuna | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1.2 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | ||||
128. | Costa Rica | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
129. | Dominica | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 |
130. | Indonesia | 0.8 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.3 |
131. | Fiji | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 2 | 2.3 | 2 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
132. | Marshall Islands | 1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
133. | Tonga | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.0 |
India | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | |
134. | Armenia | - | - | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.7 |
135. | Morocco | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
136. | Namibia | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.2 |
137. | Peru | 1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
138. | Albania | 2.3 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 |
139. | Angola | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
140. | Belize | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.7 |
141. | Bolivia | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1 | 1 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 |
142. | Colombia | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
143. | Gabon | 5.0 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.4 |
144. | Georgia | - | - | 3.1 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
146. | Moldova | - | - | 4.8 | 3.6 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
147. | Vietnam | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.0 |
148. | Honduras | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
149. | El Salvador | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
150. | Kyrgyzstan | - | - | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
151. | Tajikistan | - | - | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
152. | Guatemala | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
153. | Yemen | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 0.9 |
154. | Bhutan | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
155. | Pakistan | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
156. | Samoa | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.3 |
157. | Eswatini | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
158. | Nicaragua | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
159. | Philippines | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 |
160. | São Tomé and Príncipe | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
161. | Zimbabwe | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1 | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
162. | Paraguay | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
163. | Cape Verde | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
164. | Djibouti | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
165. | Mauritania | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
166. | Federated States of Micronesia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
167. | Nigeria | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
168. | Palestine | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | ||||
169. | Sri Lanka | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
170. | Benin | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
171. | Papua New Guinea | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
172. | Senegal | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
173. | Vanuatu | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
174. | Western Sahara | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | ||||
175. | Republic of the Congo | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
176. | Ghana | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
177. | Solomon Islands | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
178. | Bangladesh | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
179. | Cambodia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
180. | Cameroon | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
181. | Ivory Coast | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.3 | ||||
182. | Kenya | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
183. | Kiribati | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
184. | Laos | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
185. | Myanmar | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
186. | Sudan | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
187. | Comoros | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
188. | Gambia | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
189. | Guinea-Bissau | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
190. | Haiti | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
191. | Liberia | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
192. | Sierra Leone | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
193. | Timor-Leste | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
194. | Togo | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
195. | Zambia | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
196. | Burkina Faso | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
197. | Central African Republic | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
198. | Eritrea | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
199. | Ethiopia | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
200. | Guinea | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
201. | Madagascar | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
202. | Malawi | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
203. | Mozambique | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
204. | Nepal | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
205. | Niger | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
206. | Rwanda | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
207. | Somalia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
208. | Uganda | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
209. | Tanzania | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
210. | Afghanistan | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
211. | Burundi | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
212. | Chad | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
213. | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
214. | Mali | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
- | Soviet Union | 13.5 | 13.0 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
- | Czechoslovakia | 14.0 | 12.9 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ||||
- | Yugoslavia | 5.8 | 4.1 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Consumption-based emissions: annual carbon dioxide emissions in tons per capita
See also
- List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions per capita
- List of countries by greenhouse gas emissions
- List of countries by carbon dioxide emissions
- List of U.S. states by carbon dioxide emissions
- Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change
- Carbon cycle
- Kyoto Protocol
- Comparisons of life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions
Notes
- "Where in the world do people emit the most CO2?". Our World in Data. Retrieved 7 October 2019.
- Schrooten, L; De Vlieger, Ina; Int Panis, Luc; Styns, R. Torfs, K; Torfs, R (2008). "Inventory and forecasting of maritime emissions in the Belgian sea territory, an activity based emission model". Atmospheric Environment. 42 (4): 667–676. doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.09.071.
- Sofia Teives Henriques and Karol J. Borowiecki, "The Drivers of Long-run CO2 Emissions: A Global Perspective since 1800" EHES Working Papers in Economic History No. 62, 2014.
- http://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&series=EN.ATM.CO2E.PC&country=#
- EU publications: Fossil CO2 and GHG emissions of all world countries, 2019 report Study
- "Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), metric tons of CO2 per capita (CDIAC)". UNStats - United Nations Millennium Development Goals Indicators. Data from United Nations Statistics Division and United States Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC). Retrieved 27 September 2012.
- "United Nations Statistics Division - Environmental Indicators - CO2 emissions in 2007" unstats.un.org. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
- CDIAC: Taiwan National CO2 Emissions from Fossil-Fuel Burning, Cement Manufacture, and Gas Flaring: 1751-2007
- CDIAC: Top 20 Emitting Nations Based on Latest (2009) Per Capita Emissions
- "Are consumption-based CO₂ per capita emissions above or below the global average?". Our World in Data [data sources: Global Carbon Project and UN World Population Prospects]. Retrieved 15 December 2019.
External links
- OECD Stats Extracts - Detailed OECD country level environment statistics
- World Per Capita Carbon Dioxide Emissions - exhaustive and up to date list of statistic by country from Energy Information Administration (spreadsheet format)
- World Per Capita Carbon Footprint - exhaustive and up to date list of carbon footprint distributed on countries Norwegian University of Science and Technology
- World Bank Data - CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), currently includes 2010 data.