2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio
The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio were held on November 8, 2016, to elect the 16 U.S. Representatives from the state of Ohio, one from each of the state's 16 congressional districts. The elections coincided with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the House of Representatives, elections to the United States Senate and various state and local elections. The primaries were held on March 15.
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All 16 Ohio seats to the United States House of Representatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Elections in Ohio |
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District 1
The 1st District is held by Republican Steve Chabot.
Candidates
- Steve Chabot, incumbent U.S. Representative[1]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Steve Chabot (incumbent) | 101,026 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 101,026 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Jim Berns, Libertarian candidate in the 2010 and 2012 congressional elections[1]
- Fred Kundrata, 2014 congressional candidate[1]
- Michele Young[1]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Michele Young | 39,535 | 68.0 | |
Democratic | Fred Kundrata | 11,944 | 20.5 | |
Democratic | Jim Berns | 6,693 | 11.5 | |
Total votes | 58,172 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Steve Chabot (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Michele Young (D)
- Shalom Keller (Write-in)
- Kiumars Kiani (Write-in)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Steve Chabot (incumbent) | 210,014 | 59.2 | |
Democratic | Michele Young | 144,644 | 40.8 | |
Independent | Sholom D. Keller (write-in) | 114 | 0.0 | |
Independent | Kiumars G. Kiani (Write-in) | 16 | 0.0 | |
Total votes | 354,788 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 2
The 2nd District is held by Republican Brad Wenstrup.
Candidates
- Jim Lewis, member of the West Clermont Board of Education[4]
- Brad Wenstrup, incumbent U.S. Representative[4]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Brad Wenstrup (incumbent) | 101,765 | 84.9 | |
Republican | Jim Lewis | 18,136 | 15.1 | |
Total votes | 119,901 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Russ Hurley,[4] Award Winning Small Business Owner & filmmaker (Kings Court Master Barber & Shoe Shine Service Est. 1936), Barber, US Navy Veteran ~ Hemp/Cannabis Activist
- Ronny Richards, 2014 congressional candidate[4]
- William R. Smith, 2012 and 2014 congressional candidate[4]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | William R. Smith | 19,422 | 41.7 | |
Democratic | Ronny Richards | 13,976 | 30.0 | |
Democratic | Russ Hurley | 13,154 | 28.3 | |
Total votes | 46,552 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Brad Wenstrup (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- William R. Smith (D), 2012 and 2014 congressional candidate
- Janet Everhard (Write-in)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Brad Wenstrup (incumbent) | 221,193 | 65.0 | |
Democratic | William R. Smith | 111,694 | 32.8 | |
Independent | Janet Everhard (write-in) | 7,392 | 2.2 | |
Total votes | 340,279 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 3
The 3rd District is held by Democrat Joyce Beatty.
Candidates
- Joyce Beatty, incumbent U.S. Representative[5]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Joyce Beatty (incumbent) | 79,893 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 79,893 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- John Adams, 2014 congressional candidate[5]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | John Adams | 36,851 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 36,851 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Joyce Beatty (D), incumbent U.S. Representative
- John Adams (R), 2014 congressional candidate
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Joyce Beatty (incumbent) | 199,791 | 68.6 | |
Republican | John Adams | 91,560 | 31.4 | |
Total votes | 291,351 | 100.0 | ||
Democratic hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 4
The 4th District is held by Republican Jim Jordan.
Candidates
- Jim Jordan, incumbent U.S. Representative[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Jim Jordan (incumbent) | 109,743 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 109,743 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Norbert G. Dennerll, Jr., former Cleveland city councilman and perennial candidate[7]
- Janet Garrett, retired teacher and 2014 congressional candidate[8]
- Daniel Johnson[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Janet Garrett | 29,679 | 66.7 | |
Democratic | Daniel Johnson | 11,314 | 25.5 | |
Democratic | Norbert G. Dennerll, Jr. | 3,480 | 7.8 | |
Total votes | 44,473 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Jim Jordan (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Janet Garrett (D), retired teacher and 2014 congressional candidate
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Jim Jordan (incumbent) | 210,227 | 68.0 | |
Democratic | Janet Garrett | 98,981 | 32.0 | |
Total votes | 309,208 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 5
The 5th District is held by Republican Bob Latta.
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Bob Latta (incumbent) | 119,907 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 119,907 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- James L. Neu, Jr.[9]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | James L. Neu, Jr. | 44,005 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 44,005 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Bob Latta (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- James L. Neu, Jr. (D)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Bob Latta (incumbent) | 244,599 | 70.9 | |
Democratic | James L. Neu, Jr. | 100,392 | 29.1 | |
Total votes | 344,991 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 6
The 6th District is held by Republican Bill Johnson.
Candidates
- Bill Johnson, incumbent U.S. Representative[10]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Bill Johnson (incumbent) | 102,187 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 102,187 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Michael L. Lorentz, mayor of Belpre, Ohio[10]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Michael L. Lorentz | 20,649 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 20,649 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Bill Johnson (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Michael L. Lorentz (D), mayor of Belpre, Ohio
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Bill Johnson (incumbent) | 213,975 | 70.7 | |
Democratic | Michael L. Lorentz | 88,780 | 29.3 | |
Total votes | 302,755 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 7
The 7th District is held by Republican Bob Gibbs.
Candidates
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Bob Gibbs (incumbent) | 80,853 | 74.6 | |
Republican | Terry Robertson | 27,453 | 25.4 | |
Total votes | 108,306 | 100.00 |
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Roy Rich | 43,683 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 43,683 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Bob Gibbs (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Roy Rich (D), retired police commander
- Dan Phillip (I)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Bob Gibbs (incumbent) | 198,221 | 64.0 | |
Democratic | Roy Rich | 89,638 | 29.0 | |
Independent | Dan Phillip | 21,694 | 7.0 | |
Total votes | 309,553 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 8
The 8th District was held by Republican John Boehner. Boehner announced that he will resign his seat effective October 30, 2015. A special election to fill the remainder of the term will be held at a date to be determined.[12]
Prior to the announcement of Boehner's resignation, he was facing primary challenges from Tea Party activists and 2014 opponents businessman Matthew Ashworth and teacher J.D. Winteregg. Since Boehner's announcement, nearly 15 candidates have pulled petitions for the Republican nomination. Corey Foister won the Democratic nomination, but later withdrew from the election after the June 7th special election.[13][14][15] Steven Fought was nominated by the Democratic Party to take Foister's place on the general election ballot.[16]
Candidates
- Matthew Ashworth
- Bill Beagle
- Warren Davidson
- Timothy S. Derickson
- Scott George
- Eric J. Haemmerle
- Terri King
- Joseph Matvey
- Edward R. Meer
- John W. Robbins
- Michael Smith
- Jim Spurlino
- Kevin F. White
- J.D. Winteregg
- George S. Wooley
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Warren Davidson | 42,701 | 32.2 | |
Republican | Timothy S. Derickson | 31,685 | 23.9 | |
Republican | Bill Beagle | 26,049 | 19.6 | |
Republican | Jim Spurlino | 9,602 | 7.2 | |
Republican | J.D. Winteregg | 5,375 | 4.0 | |
Republican | Scott George | 3,094 | 2.3 | |
Republican | Terri King | 2,970 | 2.2 | |
Republican | Kevin F. White | 2,384 | 1.8 | |
Republican | Michael Smith | 2,009 | 1.5 | |
Republican | Matthew Ashworth | 1,637 | 1.2 | |
Republican | John W. Robbins | 1,579 | 1.2 | |
Republican | Eric J. Haemmerle | 1,386 | 1.0 | |
Republican | George S. Wooley | 1,045 | 0.8 | |
Republican | Edward R. Meer | 633 | 0.5 | |
Republican | Joseph Matvey | 548 | 0.4 | |
Total votes | 132,697 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Corey Foister[17]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Corey Foister | 32,214 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 32,214 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- James J. Condit Jr. [5]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Green | James J. Condit Jr. | 216 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 216 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Warren Davidson (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Steven Fought (D), former communications director and legislative director for U.S. Representative Marcy Kaptur
- Derrick James Hendricks (G)[18]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Warren Davidson (incumbent) | 223,833 | 68.7 | |
Democratic | Steven Fought | 87,794 | 27.0 | |
Green | Derrick James Hendricks | 13,879 | 4.3 | |
Total votes | 325,506 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 9
The 9th District is held by Democrat Marcy Kaptur. Former state representative Steve Kraus will be running for the Republican nomination.
Candidates
- Marcy Kaptur, incumbent U.S. Representative[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) | 80,065 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 80,065 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Steve Kraus, former State Representative[19]
- Donald P. Larson, small business owner[6]
- Joel Lieske, political science professor at Cleveland State University[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Donald P. Larson | 20,859 | 44.3 | |
Republican | Steve Kraus | 16,966 | 36.0 | |
Republican | Joel Lieske | 9,262 | 19.7 | |
Total votes | 47,087 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Marcy Kaptur (D), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Donald P. Larson (R), small business owner
- George Skalsky (Write-in)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Marcy Kaptur (incumbent) | 193,966 | 68.7 | |
Republican | Donald P. Larson | 88,427 | 31.3 | |
Independent | George Skalsky (Write-in) | 5 | 0.0 | |
Total votes | 282,398 | 100.0 | ||
Democratic hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 10
The 10th District is held by Republican Mike Turner.
Candidates
- Mike Turner, incumbent U.S. Representative[1]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Mike Turner (incumbent) | 108,235 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 108,235 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Robert Klepinger, 2014 congressional candidate[1]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Robert Klepinger | 51,854 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 51,854 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Mike Turner (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Robert Klepinger (D), 2014 congressional candidate
- Tom McMasters (I), mayor of Huber Heights, Ohio
- Dave Harlow (Write-in)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Mike Turner (incumbent) | 215,724 | 64.1 | |
Democratic | Robert Klepinger | 109,981 | 32.7 | |
Independent | Tom McMasters | 10,890 | 3.2 | |
Independent | David A. Harlow (write-in) | 7 | 0.0 | |
Total votes | 336,602 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 11
The 11th District is held by Democrat Marcia Fudge.
Candidates
- Marcia Fudge, incumbent U.S. Representative[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Marcia Fudge (incumbent) | 109,706 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 109,706 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Beverly A. Goldstein, retired audiologist[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Beverly A. Goldstein | 23,290 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 23,290 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Marcia Fudge (D), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Beverly A. Goldstein (R), retired audiologist
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Marcia Fudge (incumbent) | 242,917 | 80.3 | |
Republican | Beverly Goldstein | 59,769 | 19.7 | |
Total votes | 302,686 | 100.0 | ||
Democratic hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 12
The 12th District is held by Republican Pat Tiberi.
Candidates
- Pat Tiberi, incumbent U.S. Representative[5]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Pat Tiberi (incumbent) | 128,173 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 128,173 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Ed Albertson[5]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Ed Albertson | 48,537 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 48,537 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Joe Manchik[5]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Green | Joe Manchik | 239 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 239 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Pat Tiberi (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Ed Albertson (D)
- Joe Manchik (G)
- John J. Baumeister (Write-in)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Pat Tiberi (incumbent) | 251,266 | 66.6 | |
Democratic | Ed Albertson | 112,638 | 29.8 | |
Green | Joe Manchik | 13,474 | 3.6 | |
Independent | John J. Baumeister (write-in) | 156 | 0.0 | |
Total votes | 377,534 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 13
The 13th District is held by Democrat Tim Ryan.
Candidates
- John Stephen Luchansky, perennial candidate[6]
- Tim Ryan, incumbent U.S. Representative[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Tim Ryan (incumbent) | 88,154 | 89.3 | |
Democratic | John Stephen Luchansky | 10,578 | 10.7 | |
Total votes | 98,732 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Richard Morckel, technician[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Richard Morckel | 50,750 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 50,750 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Tim Ryan (D), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Richard A. Morckel (R), technician
- Calvin Hill, Sr. (Write-in)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Tim Ryan (incumbent) | 208,610 | 67.7 | |
Republican | Richard A. Morckel | 99,377 | 32.3 | |
Independent | Calvin Hill, Sr. (write-in) | 17 | 0.0 | |
Total votes | 308,004 | 100.0 | ||
Democratic hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 14
The 14th District is held by Republican David Joyce.
Candidates
- David Joyce, incumbent U.S. Representative[6]
- Matt Lynch, former State Representative[20]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | David Joyce (incumbent) | 79,919 | 64.5 | |
Republican | Matt Lynch | 44,004 | 35.5 | |
Total votes | 123,923 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Alfred Mackey, former Ashtabula County Common Pleas Judge
- Michael Wager, attorney and 2014 congressional candidate[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Michael Wager | 36,796 | 66.6 | |
Democratic | Alfred Mackey | 18,442 | 33.4 | |
Total votes | 55,238 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- David Joyce (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Michael Wager (D), attorney and 2014 congressional candidate
- Andrew Jarvi (G; Write-in)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | David Joyce (incumbent) | 219,191 | 62.6 | |
Democratic | Michael Wager | 130,907 | 37.4 | |
Green | Andrew Jarvi (write-in) | 171 | 0.0 | |
Total votes | 350,269 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 15
The 15th District is held by Republican Steve Stivers.
Candidates
- Steve Stivers, incumbent U.S. Representative[4]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Steve Stivers (incumbent) | 106,410 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 106,410 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Scott Wharton, farmer, airline pilot, and 2014 congressional candidate[4]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Scott Wharton | 48,477 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 48,477 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Dennis Lambert, 2014 congressional candidate[4]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Green | Dennis Lambert (write-in) | 5 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 5 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Steve Stivers (R), incumbent U.S. Representative
- Scott Wharton (D), farmer, airline pilot, and 2014 congressional candidate
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Steve Stivers (incumbent) | 222,847 | 66.2 | |
Democratic | Scott Wharton | 113,960 | 33.8 | |
Total votes | 336,807 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
District 16
The 16th District is held by Republican Jim Renacci.
Candidates
- Jim Renacci, incumbent U.S. Representative[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Jim Renacci (incumbent) | 107,039 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 107,039 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Keith Mundy[6]
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic | Keith Mundy | 48,907 | 100.0 | |
Total votes | 48,907 | 100.0 |
Candidates
- Jim Renacci, incumbent U.S. Representative
- Keith Mundy (D)
Results
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Republican | Jim Renacci (incumbent) | 225,794 | 65.3 | |
Democratic | Keith Mundy | 119,830 | 34.7 | |
Total votes | 345,624 | 100.0 | ||
Republican hold | ||||
Official campaign websites
See also
- United States House of Representatives elections, 2016
- United States elections, 2016
References
- Hulsey, Lynn (December 16, 2015). "20 candidates file to run for Boehner's seat". Dayton Daily News. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
- "Official Primary Election Results". Ohio Secretary of State. Retrieved April 28, 2016.
- Ohio State Official Election Results, retrieved December 7, 2016
- "Candidates line up for commissioner, sheriff spots". Chillicothe Gazette. December 16, 2015. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
- "2016 Primary Certified Candidates List" (PDF). Franklin County Board of Elections. December 17, 2015. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
- Eaton, Sabrina (December 16, 2015). "Rematches abound in Northeast Ohio congressional primary filings". The Plain Dealer. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
- Wysochanski, Jon (June 15, 2015). "86-year-old veteran says he's going to run for Congress". Lorain Chronicle Telegram. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
- Goodenow, Evan (October 26, 2015). "Challenger seeks second run at Jordan". Lorain Chronicle Telegram. Retrieved December 12, 2015.
- Troy, Tom; Feehan, Jennifer (December 17, 2015). "Voters to have lots of choices in November". The Blade. Retrieved December 17, 2015.
- Baker, Jon (December 16, 2015). "Election: Our next sheriff? Tuscarawas County chief deputy among officeholders unopposed in primary". The Times-Reporter. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
- Mercer, Sarah (January 25, 2016). "Michael Davenport withdraws candidacy for Congress". WKBN-TV. Retrieved March 6, 2016.
- Borchardt, Jackie (September 25, 2015). "Special election will select replacement for John Boehner's congressional seat". cleveland.com. Retrieved September 25, 2015.
- Wong, Scott (April 6, 2015). "Boehner primary foe seeks rematch". The Hill. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
- Eaton, Sabrina (April 14, 2015). "Feds tell John Boehner's Tea Party challenger to rename his campaign committee". cleveland.com. Retrieved September 7, 2015.
- BieryGolick, Keith (July 25, 2016). "Dem, cancer survivor pulls out of Boehner race". The Cincinnati Enquirer. Retrieved August 9, 2016.
- Pitman, Michael D. (September 11, 2016). "November's congressional matchup to be set after Tuesday". JournalNews. Retrieved September 22, 2016.
- "Special Congressional Primary Candidate List" (PDF). Butler County Board of Elections. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 20, 2015. Retrieved December 21, 2015.
- http://www.butlercountyelections.org/Docs/November_2016_Candidate%20Petition%20and%20Issue%20Activity.pdf
- Provance, Jim (November 4, 2015). "Ex-state lawmaker Steve Kraus to run for U.S. House". The Blade. Retrieved November 5, 2015.
- Eaton, Sabrina (June 10, 2015). "Tea party favorite Matt Lynch to challenge Rep. Dave Joyce in GOP congressional primary rematch". cleveland.com. Retrieved September 7, 2015.