COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi
The COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have reached Malawi on 2 April 2020.[2] It has spread to all the districts of Malawi.
| COVID-19 pandemic in Malawi | |||||||||
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 Cases per district as 6 September
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| Disease | COVID-19 | ||||||||
| Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 | ||||||||
| Location | Malawi | ||||||||
| First outbreak | Wuhan, China via India | ||||||||
| Index case | Lilongwe | ||||||||
| Arrival date | 2 April 2020 (10 months and 5 days) | ||||||||
| Confirmed cases | 26,875[1] | ||||||||
| Active cases | 14,480 | ||||||||
| Recovered | 11,348 | ||||||||
Deaths | 837 | ||||||||
| Fatality rate | 3.11% | ||||||||
| Government website | |||||||||
| http://covid19.health.gov.mw | |||||||||
Background
On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.[3][4]
The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003,[5][6] but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.[7][5] Model-based simulations for Malawi indicate that the 95% confidence interval for the time-varying reproduction number R t has been stable below 1.0 since August 2020.[8]
Timeline
April 2020
President Peter Mutharika confirmed the country's first three cases of coronavirus disease 2019 on 2 April. The three cases include a Malawian of Asian origin who travelled back from India, her relative and their housemaid.[9]
A fourth case was confirmed on 4 April which involved an individual who had recently returned from the UK.[10] A fifth case involved a woman who had returned from the UK and had quarantined some weeks earlier.[11] On 7 April, it was announced that she had passed on.[12] Malawi has identified three more cases, making a total of 8. One is of a 34-year-old who had immediate contact with the first case that was registered on 2 April, the second involved a 28-year-old lady who traveled from the UK on 19 March, whereas the third case was of a 30-year-old gentleman who traveled to South Africa on 16 March.[13]
During the month there were 37 confirmed cases, three deaths and 7 recoveries, leaving 27 active cases at the end of the month.[14]
May 2020
During May there were 247 new cases, bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 284. One patient died, raising the death toll to four. The number of recovered patients rose by 35 to 42, leaving 238 active cases at the end of the month.[15]
June 2020
In June there were 940 new cases, bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 1224. The death toll rose to 14. The number of recovered patients increased by 218 to 260, leaving 950 active cases at the end of the month.[16]
July 2020
There were 2854 new cases in July, raising the total number of confirmed cases to 4078. The death toll rose by 100 to 114. The number of recovered patients increased by 1615 to 1875, leaving 2089 active cases by the end of the month (up by 120% from the end of June).[17]
August 2020
On 8 August, the recovery rate exceeded 50% for the first time. There were 1488 new cases in August, raising the total number of confirmed cases to 5566. The death toll rose to 175. At the end of the month there were 2231 active cases.[18]
September 2020
There were 206 new cases in September, bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 5772. The death toll rose to 179. The number of recovered patients increased to 4245, leaving 1348 active cases at the end of the month.[19]
October 2020
There were 158 new cases in October, bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 5930. The death toll rose to 184. The number of recovered patients increased to 5323, leaving 423 active cases at the end of the month.[20]
A large increase in the suicide rate (as much as 57% according to Malawi police) has been attributed to the economic downturn caused by the pandemic.[21]
November 2020
There were 98 new cases in November, bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 6028. The death toll rose to 185. The number of recovered patients increased to 5455, leaving 388 active cases at the end of the month.[22]
December 2020
There were 555 new cases in December, taking the total number of confirmed cases to 6583. The death toll rose to 189. The number of recovered patients increased to 5705, leaving 689 active cases at the end of the month.[23]
Among the victims of COVID-19 was Tarcisius Gervazio Ziyaye, 71, archbishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lilongwe (since 2001).[24]
January 2021
The country went into lockdown on 18 January, the first time since the pandemic began. By then Malawi had recorded 12,470 coronavirus cases and 314 deaths, with a 40% increase in infections in a month.[25]
There were 17380 new cases in January, raising the total number of confirmed cases to 23963. The death toll rose to 702. The number of recovered patients increased to 8615, leaving 14646 active cases at the end of the month. Among the fatalities were two Cabinet ministers, Lingson Belekanyama and Sidik Mia, both of whom died from Covid-related complications on 12 January.[26]
Government response
Despite there being no confirmed cases prior to 2 April 2020, President Mutharika declared the coronavirus pandemic a national disaster. Some of the measures that were put in place included the banning of gatherings of more than 100 people in places such as churches, rallies, weddings and funerals. He also instructed that both public and private education institutions be closed from 23 March. He further urged the government to suspend the hosting of international meetings and banned public servants from attending regional and international meetings. He called upon returning residents and nationals coming from affected countries to subject themselves to either self- or institutional quarantine.[27]
It was only after the first four cases were identified in April that Mutharika instituted new measures which included the suspension of all formal meetings, gatherings and conferences. He further directed the Malawi Prison Services and Juvenile Centres to present a list of prisoners and juveniles who committed "petty offences" including those that have served a significant portion of their sentences for moderate crimes to the Minister of Homeland Security in order to decongest the overpopulation of the country's prisons.[28] Other measures have included the slashing of fuel prices as well as placing a waiver on the non-tourist levy to support the tourism industry, including a waiver of the resident tax on all foreign doctors and medical personnel. The Treasury has been called upon to reduce the salaries of the President, Cabinet and deputy ministers by 10 percent for three months in order to redirect the resources to fight against the coronavirus. The Malawi Revenue Authority was instructed to open up a voluntary tax compliance window for a period of six months so as to allow taxpayers with arrears to settle their tax obligations.[29] Mutharika called upon all offices to work in shifts except those working in essential services in order to mitigate the congestion in the workplaces.[28] On 14 April, President Mutharika announced a 21-day lockdown starting Saturday 18 April at midnight.[30] However, on 17 April, the Malawi High Court temporarily barred the government from implementing the 21-day lockdown following a petition by the Human Rights Defenders Coalition.[31] The argument made by the Human Rights Defenders Coalition was that more consultation was needed to prevent harm to the poorest and most vulnerable of society.[32]
References
- "COVID-19 - MOHP MALAWI". covid19.health.gov.mw. Retrieved 7 February 2021.
- Foundation, Thomson Reuters. "Malawi records first three cases of coronavirus". news.trust.org. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
- Elsevier. "Novel Coronavirus Information Center". Elsevier Connect. Archived from the original on 30 January 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- Reynolds, Matt (4 March 2020). "What is coronavirus and how close is it to becoming a pandemic?". Wired UK. ISSN 1357-0978. Archived from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 5 March 2020.
- "Crunching the numbers for coronavirus". Imperial News. Archived from the original on 19 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- "High consequence infectious diseases (HCID); Guidance and information about high consequence infectious diseases and their management in England". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 3 March 2020. Retrieved 17 March 2020.
- "World Federation Of Societies of Anaesthesiologists – Coronavirus". www.wfsahq.org. Archived from the original on 12 March 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
- Future scenarios of the healthcare burden of COVID-19 in low- or middle-income countries, MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis at Imperial College London.
- "Malawi confirms three cases of coronavirus of coronavirus: President Mutharika calls for calm". NyasaTimes.com. 2 April 2020. Retrieved 2 April 2020.
- "Malawi records another Covid-19 patient, says Minister of Health". Nyasa Times.com. 4 April 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
- "Malawi registers 5th COVID-19 case". FaceofMalawi.com. 6 April 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
- "Just In: Malawi Registers First Covid-19 Death". FaceofMalawi.com. 7 April 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
- "Malawi confirmed Covid-19 cases rise to 8, as first death recorded-Minister". NyasaTimes.com. 7 April 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 102" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 May 2020. p. 6. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 133" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 June 2020. p. 7. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 162" (PDF). World Health Organization. 30 June 2020. p. 6. Retrieved 22 July 2020.
- "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) situation report 194" (PDF). World Health Organization. 1 August 2020. p. 4. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
- "Outbreak brief 33: COVID-19 pandemic – 1 September 2020". CDC Africa. 1 September 2020. p. 4. Retrieved 17 September 2020.
- "COVID-19 situation update for the WHO African region. External situation report 31" (PDF). World Health Organization. 30 September 2020. p. 4. Retrieved 4 October 2020.
- "COVID-19 weekly epidemiological update". World Health Organization. 3 November 2020. p. 14. Retrieved 9 November 2020.
- "'Drastic rise' in Malawi's suicide rate linked to Covid economic downturn". the Guardian. 12 October 2020. Retrieved 16 October 2020.
- "Coronavirus - Malawi: COVID-19 daily information update (30th November 2020)". Pulse. 1 December 2020. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
- Diallo, Oumy (1 January 2021). "Coronavirus en Afrique : quels sont les pays impactés ?". TV5MONDE (in French). Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- Lilongwe Archbishop Ziyaye Dies
- "Malawi imposes first lockdown measures as virus flares". msn.com. AFP. 18 January 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2021.
- Phiri, Frank (12 January 2021). "Four senior Malawi officials die from Covid-19". BusinessDay. Retrieved 14 January 2021.
- "Mutharika lays out Malawi 'response plan' on Coronavirus: Bans gatherings of 100 people, schools closing". NyasaTimes.com. 20 March 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
- "Mutharika urges Malawi unity and 'steadfast' in Covid-19 fight: Announce new measures to stop spread of outbreak". NyasaTimes.com. 4 April 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
- "Mutharika orders fuel price slash, pay cuts for Executive: Tax relief in Malawi". NyasaTimes.com. 4 April 2020. Retrieved 5 April 2020.
- "Malawi joins other southern African nations in coronavirus lockdown". Reuters. 14 April 2020. Retrieved 15 April 2020.
- "This country's high court blocked its coronavirus lockdown in a bid to protect the poor". Quartz Africa. 17 April 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
- "Malawi high court blocks coronavirus lockdown". Al Jazeera.com. 17 April 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
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