COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan

• March 10, 2020 (2020-03-10): The state's first two cases were confirmed in Metro Detroit, one in a Wayne County resident who had traveled domestically, and one in an Oakland County resident who had traveled internationally.[1] Governor Whitmer declared a state of emergency.[7]
• March 11, 2020 (2020-03-11): Several universities and colleges moved to online education plus initiated various extensions, postponements, and alterations to academic schedules.[8]
• March 18, 2020 (2020-03-18): The state's first death was confirmed at Beaumont Health in Wayne County, a Southgate man in his 50s with underlying health conditions.[9] Two more deaths reported: an 81-year old in Detroit and a woman in her 50s with underlying health conditions in Pontiac.[10]
• March 24, 2020 (2020-03-24): Statewide stay-at-home order began, limiting all non-essential travel and discontinuing all non-essential business services and operations.[11]
• March 26, 2020 (2020-03-26): Several cases were reclassified when the state of Michigan began reporting the Michigan Department of Corrections as its own jurisdiction.[12][13]
• March 31, 2020 (2020-03-31): Michigan ranked third nationally for coronavirus-related deaths, behind New York and New Jersey, with a total of 259 deaths.[14][15]

Movie theater sign in Mount Pleasant.

• April 1, 2020 (2020-04-01): The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) published it had made a request to the federal Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to temporarily waive a number of Medicaid requirements in order to keep Michigan's most vulnerable residents safe during the COVID-19 pandemic.[16]
• April 2, 2020 (2020-04-02): MDHSS issued an Emergency Order requiring compliance with the state's Executive Orders under penalty of civil fines up to $1,000 and referral to licensing agencies for enforcement.[17]
• April 3, 2020 (2020-04-03): The state begins disclosing recovery numbers, and confirms 56 people have recovered from COVID-19 as of this date.[18]
• April 4, 2020 (2020-04-04): MDHHS issued an Emergency Order requiring funeral homes and doctors to report COVID-19 deaths more quickly as rapid notice will slow spread of the virus.[19]
• April 8, 2020 (2020-04-08): Michigan became the third state to reach more than 20,000 confirmed cases.[20]
• April 9, 2020 (2020-04-09): Governor Whitmer extended the stay-at-home order through April 30 and added several new social distancing restrictions.[21][22][23][24][25]
• April 24, 2020 (2020-04-24): The stay-at-home order was extended to May 15, with some restrictions lifted and others added.[26]

• May 1, 2020 (2020-05-01): Governor Whitmer extends the state of emergency until May 28.[27]
• May 1, 2020 (2020-05-01): A security guard was shot dead in Flint after telling a family that one of their members could not enter a Family Dollar because she didn't have a mask on. All four members of the family were charged with various crimes, with a 23-year-old man charged with first degree murder.[28][29][30]
• May 7, 2020 (2020-05-07): Governor Whitmer extends the stay-at-home order until May 28. It modifies some of the restrictions of previous orders and allows factories to re-open starting May 11.[31][32]
• May 22, 2020 (2020-05-22): Governor Whitmer extended the stay-at-home order until June 12 and the state of emergency until June 19.[33]
• May 25, 2020 (2020-05-25): Governor Whitmer opens Northern Michigan for Memorial Day.[34]

• June 19, 2020 (2020-06-19): The final stay at home order expires.[33]
• June 30, 2020 (2020-06-30): Governor Whitmer released the state's "Return to School Roadmap" containing three proposed plans for re-opening K-12 schools for the upcoming 2020–21 school year.[35]

• July 5, 2020 (2020-07-05): The state reports no new deaths from COVID-19 for the first time since March 17.[36]
• July 24, 2020 (2020-07-24): The Detroit Tigers begin their 2020 season after a four month delay caused by the pandemic.[37]

• August 7, 2020 (2020-08-07): Governor Whitmer extends the state of emergency until September 4.[38]
• August 8, 2020 (2020-08-08): The Mid-American Conference, which includes the Central Michigan Chippewas, Eastern Michigan Eagles, and Western Michigan Broncos, canceled its fall 2020 sports seasons.[39] A month and a half later, it reversed its decision on its football season, voting to play a six game schedule.[40]
• August 11, 2020 (2020-08-11): The Big Ten Conference, which includes the Michigan Wolverines and Michigan State Spartans, postponed its fall 2020 sports seasons.[41] A month later, it announced an eight-game 2020 football season which will start on October 24.
• August 12, 2020 (2020-08-12): The Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, which is made up mostly of schools in Michigan, postponed its fall and winter sports seasons.[42]
• August 13, 2020 (2020-08-13): The state reports 1,121 new cases, the highest since May 14. It also surpasses 90,000 total cases on this date.[43]
• August 14, 2020 (2020-08-14): The Michigan High School Athletic Association postpones the football season until spring 2021.[44]
• August 18, 2020 (2020-08-18): Michigan State University moves all classes for the fall 2020 semester to virtual learning.[45]
• August 19, 2020 (2020-08-19): Governor Whitmer signs the Return to Learn package of bills outlining instructional requirements for the 2020-2021 school year.[46]
• August 20, 2020 (2020-08-20): Fourteen school districts report COVID-19 outbreaks. The state did not say which specific districts or how many people are affected.[47]
• August 28, 2020 (2020-08-28): The state surpasses 100,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19 on this date.[48]

• September 3, 2020 (2020-09-03): Governor Whitmer extends the state of emergency until October 1.[49] She also reopened gyms and pools and allowed organized sports to resume across the state starting September 9, although her Chief Medical Executive and top public health advisor Dr. Joneigh Khaldun simultaneously released guidance advocating against it.[50][51]
• September 11, 2020 (2020-09-11): The state reports 1,313 new cases, the highest single-day total since April 24.[52]
• September 17, 2020 (2020-09-17): A two-month-old baby dies from COVID-19, the youngest known fatality in the state.[53]
• September 29, 2020 (2020-09-29): Governor Whitmer extends the state of emergency until October 27.[54]

• October 9, 2020 (2020-10-09): Movie theaters, live performance venues, arcades, bingo halls, bowling centers, indoor climbing facilities, trampoline parks and other businesses were allowed to re-open.[55]
• October 10, 2020 (2020-10-10): The amount of total recoveries in the state surpasses 100,000. However the state also reports over 1,000 new daily cases for the fourth day in a row and the sixth time this month.[56]
• October 15, 2020 (2020-10-15): The state records 2,030 new cases, a new single-day record.[57]
• October 17, 2020 (2020-10-17): The state's death toll surpasses 7,000.[58]
• October 22, 2020 (2020-10-22): The state reports 43 new deaths, the highest single-day death toll since May 30.[59]
• October 24, 2020 (2020-10-24): The state records 3,338 new cases, a new single-day record.[60]
• October 29, 2020 (2020-10-29): The state records 3,675 new cases, a new single-day record.[61]
• October 31, 2020 (2020-10-31): The state records 3,792 new cases, a new single-day record.[62]

• In the first two weeks of November 2020, Michigan set new records for highest number of new cases in a day seven times. The last during this period was on Nov. 13 when 8,516 new cases were reported.[63] In response, Governor Whitmer announced the MDHHS has ordered the closure of several businesses and public services, including high schools and universities, for three weeks, effective November 18.[64]
• November 16, 2020 (2020-11-16): The state surpasses 8,000 deaths.[65]
• November 20, 2020 (2020-11-20): The state records 9,779 new cases, a new single-day record.[66]
• November 21, 2020 (2020-11-21): The state surpasses 300,000 confirmed cases and 150,000 recoveries.[67]
• November 25, 2020 (2020-11-25): A report by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services says six hospitals in the state are at 100% capacity and another 18 are at 90% or more. Statewide, almost 4,100 people are currently hospitalized with COVID-19.[68]
• November 28, 2020 (2020-11-28): The state surpasses 9,000 deaths.[69]

• December 7, 2020 (2020-12-07): After the state surpasses 400,000 confirmed cases of COVID-19, Governor Gretchen Whitmer extends the statewide partial shutdown on businesses (including casinos, movie theaters and group exercise classes at gyms), indoor dining in restaurants, and in-person instruction at high schools, colleges and universities through December 20.[70][71] Also on that date, the Michigan House of Representatives announced that they will cancel a voting session scheduled for December 8 after Rudy Giuliani, former New York City mayor and personal lawyer to President Donald Trump, tested positive for COVID-19. Giuliani and several witnesses testified before the state's House Oversight Committee on December 2 on alleged irregularities in the state's 2020 presidential election results.[72][73] The House later cancelled voting sessions for December 9 and 10 after an aide was diagnosed with COVID-19.[74]
• December 8, 2020 (2020-12-08): The state surpasses 10,000 confirmed deaths from COVID-19.[75] In response, Governor Whitmer orders flags to fly at half staff for the next 10 days, one day for each 1,000 deaths.[76]
• December 9, 2020 (2020-12-09): Nearly 30 members and staffers of the Michigan House of Representatives test positive for COVID-19.[77]
• December 10, 2020 (2020-12-10): Governor Whitmer signs an order creating the Protect Michigan Commission within the MDHHS, which is meant to help raise awareness of the safety and effectiveness of an approved COVID-19 vaccine, educate the people of this state, and help protect the health and safety of all Michigan residents.[78]
• December 16, 2020 (2020-12-16): The state surpasses 11,000 deaths from COVID-19, eight days after passing 10,000.[79]
• December 18, 2020 (2020-12-18): The state announces an extension of the shutdown for indoor dining and bars for four weeks, but allows other indoor entertainment venues like theaters, casinos, bowling alleys and indoor gun ranges to reopen with capacity limits and a ban on concessions. High schools, colleges and universities will be allowed to reopen on January 4.[80]
• December 26, 2020 (2020-12-26): The state surpasses 12,000 deaths, 10 days after surpassing 11,000 deaths.[81]
• December 30, 2020 (2020-12-30): The state ends the year with 488,134 confirmed cases and 12,333 confirmed deaths (results were not reported on New Year's Eve).[82]

• January 4, 2021 (2021-01-04): The state surpasses 500,000 confirmed cases.[83]
• January 7, 2021 (2021-01-07): The state surpasses 13,000 deaths, 12 days after surpassing 12,000.[84]
• January 16, 2021 (2021-01-16): The state's first known strain of Variant of Concern 202012/01 is discovered in a Washtenaw County woman who had traveled from the United Kingdom.[85] Two more cases of it were found there five days later.[86]
• January 21, 2021 (2021-01-21): The state surpasses 14,000 confirmed deaths from COVID-19, two weeks after surpassing 13,000.[87]
• January 22, 2021 (2021-01-22): Governor Whitmer announces that starting on February 1, restaurants will be able to re-open, with several restrictions.[88]
• January 23, 2021 (2021-01-23): As of this date, six people have been discovered to be infected with the new UK variant of COVID-19, one in Wayne County and five in Washtenaw County who have ties to the University of Michigan, causing its sports teams to shut down activities for two weeks.[89][90]
• January 27, 2021 (2021-01-27): As of this date, 14 people in Washtenaw County have tested positive for the UK variant of COVID-19.[91]
• January 31, 2021 (2021-01-31): The state surpasses one million vaccinations. As of this date, 801,691 people have gotten one dose, while 200,182 have gotten the second dose, for a total of 1,001,873 people.[92]

• February 4, 2021 (2021-02-04): As of this date, 28 people in the state have tested positive for the UK variant of COVID-19, all of them in either Washtenaw or Wayne counties.[93]

On March 27, U.S. Surgeon General Jerome Adams dubbed Metro Detroit, which has a large majority of the cases, a “hot spot”.[94] A separate study by the Harvard Global Health Institute deemed Macomb County as a hot spot in early August 2020.[95] The city of Detroit has 20% of the total cases and 25% of the deaths.[96] African Americans make up 31% of the state's total cases and 40% of deaths.[97]

Christian singer Sandi Patty tested positive for the virus on March 18, after having performed a concert at Andrews University in Berrien Springs on March 8. Some individuals attended a VIP experience after the concert and had close contact with the singer. All of the VIP attendees were instructed to self-isolate and monitor symptoms through March 22.[98] Three subsequent cases in Berrien County have been linked to the concert.[99]

As of March 25, nine Detroit Police Department employees have tested positive for COVID-19, while 280 others have been placed in quarantine.[100][101][102] On March 24, one death was reported within the department, a 38-year-old civilian dispatcher.[101] A second death was reported on the same date, a commanding officer within the Department who died from complications with the virus.[103] Chief James Craig tested positive for the virus and was under quarantine for over two weeks.[104][105] As of March 25, six other Detroit city employees have contracted the virus, with numerous others placed under quarantine.[102] The officers and others reportedly contracted the disease at a community breakfast event at Ford Resource and Engagement Center in Detroit on March 6.[106] Seventy-six Detroit police officers and 17 firefighters were infected by March 31.[107]

Eighteen Wayne County Sheriff's Office employees have also tested positive for the virus, with the department's first confirmed death on March 25, a 63-year old Commander and 30-year veteran of the department.[108] Detroit Pistons player Christian Wood has also been diagnosed with COVID-19.[109] State representative Isaac Robinson from Detroit died from a suspected COVID-19 infection on March 29 at the age of 44.[110] On April 6, another state representative, Karen Whitsett, also from Detroit, reported she has been also been diagnosed with COVID-19.[111]

Notable clusters have been identified within the Michigan Department of Corrections, where 380 inmates and employees have tested positive for the virus within ten of Michigan's twenty-nine prisons as of April 10. At least 119 of the cases have been linked to the Parnall Correctional Facility in Jackson County.[112] The first employee death was linked to the Detroit Reentry Center.[113] There have been two inmate and two employee deaths.[112]

On April 1, the first-ever case of acute necrotizing encephalitis linked to COVID-19 was discovered in the Henry Ford Health System in Detroit.[114]

On April 2, Hurley Medical Center pediatrician Dr. Mona Hanna-Attisha, who helped uncover the Flint water crisis, reported she tested positive for COVID-19.[115]

On April 6, Flint-based United Auto Workers executive Ruben Burks died from COVID-19 at the age of 86.[116] Also on April 6, Nathel Burtley, former superintendent of Flint Community Schools and Grand Rapids Public Schools, died from COVID-19 at the age of 79.[117]

As of April 9, eight employees at the Durand Senior Care and Rehab facility have tested positive for the virus and all residents are being quarantined in their rooms.[118] It confirmed eleven cases on April 12.[119] It reported 70 cases, 39 residents and 31 employees, on April 20.[120] On April 22, nearby nursing home The Lodges of Durand reported one staff member and three residents tested positive for COVID-19.[121]

A nursing home in Cedar Springs reported six deaths from COVID-19 on April 9. It had earlier reported 31 residents and five staff members had COVID-19.[122]

Also on April 9, it was reported 872 staffers in the Henry Ford Health System in Metro Detroit have tested positive for COVID-19, the state's largest outbreak thus far.[123]

Kroger and Meijer reported on April 11 that several of their employees in the state have died from COVID-19. Kroger reported four deaths, while Meijer did not give an exact figure.[124]

On April 14, Regency nursing home in Grand Blanc Township reported 16 cases of COVID-19, four of them deaths.[125]

A Flint Police officer died of COVID-19 on April 17.[126] Also on April 17, Maple Woods Manor nursing home in Clio reported 13 of its residents have died from COVID-19.[127]

On April 19, a five-year-old Detroit girl became Michigan's youngest resident to die from COVID-19 at that point.[128]

On April 20, Hurley Medical Center reported one of its veteran public safety officers died of COVID-19.[129]

On April 21, it was reported 60 workers at a JBS Meat Packaging plant in Gun Plain Township tested positive for COVID-19.[130]

On May 11, 25 female residents and four staff members at Wolverine Home Services, a youth treatment facility in Vassar, tested positive for COVID-19.[131]

On May 12, former state politician Morris Hood III, who served in both houses of the legislature, died of COVID-19 at the age of 54.[132]

On June 19, it was reported over 50 workers at Maroa Farms in Coldwater tested positive for COVID-19.[133]

Starting in late June, Harper's Restaurant & Brew Pub in East Lansing was linked to over 180 cases.[134] The Ingham County Health Department has asked anyone who visited the bar between June 12–20 to self-quarantine for 14 days.[135] It has also issued an emergency order for all restaurants and bars in the county, requiring them to operate at 50% capacity or no more than 75 people, whichever is less.[136]

On June 24, two members of the Detroit Tigers organization (pitcher Daniel Norris and a coach) tested positive for COVID-19.[137] Norris was later cleared to join the Opening Day roster.[138]

On July 5, it was reported 12 cases were linked to the Playhouse Club in Romulus while another was linked to the Checkers restaurant next door.[139]

An Independence Day party in Saline has been linked to 43 confirmed cases.[140]

On July 20, a news release from the Catholic website Global Sisters Report announced that 13 nuns who were members of the Felician Sisters of North America had died from complications of the virus in Livonia.[141]

Since July 30, the Detroit Lions have placed eight players on the injury list after they tested positive for COVID-19.[142]

On July 31, State Senator Tom Barrett tested positive for COVID-19.[143]

The Spring Ministries Camp trip that took place from July 12–17 in Gladwin has been linked to 53 confirmed cases and 13 suspected cases.[144]

Another campground, Camp Michawana in Hastings, reported five staff members and one visitor have been diagnosed with COVID-19, possibly exposing 250 people. The Barry-Eaton District Health Department advised people who visited the campground after July 24 should self-quarantine at home for 14 days past the last date of their stay at camp and seek testing immediately if symptoms develop.[145]

On August 6, it was reported 53 employees at United Shore, a mortgage lender in Pontiac, have tested positive for COVID-19 since June 29.[146]

On August 25, the Genesee County Health Department said six people contracted COVID-19 at a wedding reception at the Flushing Valley Golf & Country Club on August 15 where 100 people gathered.[147]

On September 17, a two-month-old baby became the youngest known person to die from COVID-19 in the state.[53]

On October 26, it was reported 778 inmates and 137 employees at Marquette Branch Prison have tested positive for COVID-19.[148]

Also on October 26, it was reported 24 inmates at the Calhoun County Correctional Facility have tested positive for COVID-19.[149]

On October 27, it was reported that 11 inmates and three employees at the Genesee County Jail have tested positive for COVID-19 and were placed in quarantine.[150]

On October 29, it was reported that 57 cases have been linked to the Liberty Church in Grand Ledge.[151]

On November 7, it was reported that 13 employees at the Sundance Chevrolet car dealership in Grand Ledge have tested positive for COVID-19. The Barry-Eaton District Health Department says that anyone who was at the dealership from October 29 to November 6 should monitor for symptoms and limit contact with others as much as possible and get tested if they begin to experience any symptoms.[152]

On November 9, Michigan State Spartans men's basketball head coach Tom Izzo revealed he has tested positive for COVID-19.[153]

On November 13, two state legislators reportedly test positive: Senator Kim LaSata and Representative Ann Bollin. The day before, Representative Scott VanSingel confirmed he was recovering from the virus.[154]

On November 16, U.S. Representative for Michigan's 7th congressional district Tim Walberg announced he has tested positive for COVID-19.[155]

On December 1, it was announced State Representative John Chirkun has contracted COVID-19.[156]

On December 9, it was reported 55 Flint municipal employees have tested positive for COVID-19.[157]

On December 17, Wayne County Sheriff Benny Napoleon died of COVID-19 at the age of 65.[158]

On December 18, former politician Bill Bullard Jr., who served in both chambers of the state legislature and the Oakland County Board of Commissioners, died of complications from COVID-19 and cancer at the age of 77.[159]

On December 23, Majority Leader of the Michigan Senate Mike Shirkey tested positive for COVID-19. He believed he was exposed to the coronavirus on December 19. On December 21, Shirkey attended Lee Chatfield's farewell speech at the Michigan State Capitol.[160]

On December 29, incumbent mayor of Dearborn Heights and former state representative, Daniel S. Paletko, died from complications with COVID-19.[161]

On January 11, the Saginaw Correctional Facility reported that 728 inmates and 118 staff members have tested positive for COVID-19.[162]

As of February 1, there are 868 active and reported outbreaks in Michigan. An estimated 390 are associated with senior/assisted living facilities, 105 are linked to K-12 schools or colleges/universities, 90 are linked to manufacturing/construction, 55 with healthcare, 29 are linked to office settings, six are linked to restaurants and bars, 24 are linked to child-care centers or youth programs not associated with a school, 24 are linked to private social gatherings, such as a wedding, funeral or party; 12 clusters are linked to migrant camps or other agriculture workplaces, such as food-processing plants; 17 clusters are linked to religious services, two are linked to personal services such as a hair and/or nail salon, spas or gyms; and two are linked to an indoor community event, such as a meeting or concert.[163]

For further info on the pandemic's impact on college and high school sports in Michigan, see the College and High school sections

As of October 19, 2020 at least 348 confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been linked to Central Michigan University students returning to campus on August 21 and 22 for the fall 2020 semester.[164] In response, the Central Michigan District Health Department has issued an emergency public health order limiting outdoor gatherings to 25 people in the city of Mount Pleasant and neighboring Union Township. The limit will remain in place until further notice.[165]

On October 20, 2020 an emergency stay-at-home order (with several exceptions) was issued for University of Michigan (U of M) students for two weeks. Washtenaw County had 4,229 confirmed cases on that date, 2,702 of which were connected to students.[166][167] U of M has canceled all undergraduate housing contracts for the winter 2021 semester and is encouraging students to stay home and take classes exclusively via virtual learning. Students who chose to remain on campus must request permission from the housing department and rooms will be limited to one person each.[168] On January 23, five people who have ties to U of M were discovered to be infected with the new UK variant of COVID-19, causing its sports teams to shut down activities for two weeks.[89] As of February 1, 2021, U of M has 346 active cases.[169]

On November 15, 2020 after several days of record numbers of new cases in the past month, Governor Whitmer ordered high schools, colleges and universities to exclusively use virtual learning for three weeks, starting November 18.[64]

As of February 1, 2021 6,907 students and staff have been infected by coronavirus in school-related outbreaks according to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. On that date, 34 K-12 schools had 384 staff and students who have been infected in ongoing outbreaks, and 6,523 infected in ongoing outbreaks associated with college communities.[169]

Large outbreaks of over 300 people infected are occurring at Michigan State University in East Lansing, Central Michigan University in Mount Pleasant, Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Grand Valley State University in Allendale, and Adrian College in Adrian, with smaller outbreaks at several other schools.[169][164]

As of February 1, 2021 at least 2,757 cases have been confirmed at Michigan State University (MSU), the state's largest campus outbreak.[169] On September 11, the school's president began looking into interim suspensions for students from the university who are not following COVID-19 guidelines, with 24 cases under review.[170] On September 14, the Ingham County Health Department issued a mandatory 14-day quarantine for 30 large student houses in East Lansing. Violating the quarantine can result in jail time and/or fines, officials said.[171] Eleven more student houses in the city were added to the quarantine on September 17, while two houses previously on the list were removed after further investigations.[172] As of September 17, the school is investigating 51 reports of potential violations of emergency orders.[173] On January 30, 2021, after an uptick in cases, MSU issued a partial lockdown for the campus, which lasts until February 13.[174]

As of February 1, 2021 Grand Valley State University (GVSU) has 1,114 confirmed active cases.[169] On September 16, GVSU was issued a mandatory 14-day stay-at-home order for students by the Ottawa County Department of Public Health, when its number of confirmed cases surpassed 600.[175]

As of February 1, 2021 Western Michigan University has 892 confirmed cases and Adrian College has 343 confirmed cases.[169]

In Big Ten college football, the Michigan-Ohio State game was cancelled on December 9 at due to the high number of infections on the Michigan team.[176] Michigan and Michigan State's games against Maryland were also cancelled due to outbreaks.[177][178][179][180] Several other college conferences' 2020 football seasons were canceled or shortened.[39][42]

On February 2, Lapeer High School reported 18 cases, sending 200 people to quarantine for two weeks.[181]

On February 3, the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) activated its Community Health Emergency Coordination Center to support local and state response to the coronavirus.[182] On February 28, the State Emergency Operations Center was activated by Governor Gretchen Whitmer to assist with coordination.[183] On March 3, the Governor created four COVID-19 Task Forces: State Operations, Health and Human Services, Education, and Economy/Workforce.[184] A state of emergency at the state level was declared by the Governor on March 10 (Executive Order 2020-04). It has since been renewed several times, the latest expiration date being October 27, 2020.[54]

The national coronavirus outbreak triggered a state of emergency response at the state level on March 10 followed by Governor Gretchen Whitmer announcing the closure of all K–12 school buildings until April 5.[7][185][1] Face-to-face instruction for all Michigan schools was later suspended for the remainder of the 2019–20 school year, with guidelines implemented to transition students to home learning formats.[186] On March 16, Governor Whitmer ordered bars, restaurants, entertainment venues, and other businesses to partially close for two weeks and later banned events and gatherings of more than 50 from March 17 – April 5.[187][188] On March 24, a statewide stay-at-home order was issued, limiting all non-essential travel and discontinuing all non-essential business services and operations.[11] It was originally set to expire on April 13, but was extended until April 30 with several new social distancing restrictions.[189] The order was later extended to May 15, with some restrictions lifted and others added, such as mandatory face-covering usage in public buildings and businesses.[26] The order was later extended again until May 28 and added modifications of the restrictions from previous orders.[31][32] The face mask requirement was a factor in the killing of a security guard at a Family Dollar store in Flint after a woman refused to wear a mask and was denied entry, leading to the arrests of a family of four people, in which a 23-year-old man was charged with first-degree murder.[29][30] Governor Whitmer has since extended the face mask requirement until July 15.[190] On July 10, she extended the requirement and added a provision in which businesses can be fined $500 for not enforcing it and customers may be refused service for failing to wear one.[191]

The state legislature approved $125 million to aid in relief efforts on March 17, and Governor Gretchen Whitmer called in the Michigan Army National Guard to assist with supply distribution the next day.[192][193] The state legislature allocated an additional $150 million for medical supplies and personal protective equipment for hospitals on March 30.[194] Governor Whitmer requested a major disaster declaration on March 26, which President Donald Trump granted on March 28.[195]

Several of the restrictions on businesses and medical facilities were lifted in late May.[196] Governor Whitmer has issued several states of emergency, the latest of which expired on October 27.[54] On June 1, the Governor announced that the stay at home order was partially lifted and that Michigan was in stage four of its six-stage re-opening plan.[197] Outdoor crowds of up to 100 people are allowed starting June 1. Restaurants and bars began re-opening for indoor dining services starting June 8, and other restrictions on businesses were loosened.[198] Hair and nail salons, barbershops, and tattoo and massage parlors were allowed to reopen on June 15.[199] Starting July 31, indoor gatherings will be limited to 10 people and bars will be closed for indoor service and outdoor gatherings to 100.[200] On August 14, Governor Whitmer announced four million masks will be distributed to vulnerable populations in Michigan.[201] Movie theaters and other entertainment venues were allowed to re-open on October 9.[55]

On October 22, Governor Whitmer signed several bills that protect workers from the spread of coronavirus on the job and protect businesses from lawsuits related to people contracting COVID-19 if they are following all prevention mandates.[202]

On October 29, the MDHHS issued a new mask mandate and crowd size limitations for public places, businesses, private gatherings, and restaurants.[203]

On November 15, after several days of record highs in new cases, Governor Whitmer announced the MDHHS has ordered the closure of several businesses and services for three weeks, effective November 18. Specifically, high schools and universities are closed to in-person learning, and organized sports (except for professional) are on hiatus. Businesses ordered to close include live theaters, movie theaters, stadiums, arenas, bowling centers, ice skating rinks, indoor water parks, bingo halls, casinos, arcades, and group fitness classes.[64]

A month later on December 18, the state announced an extension of the shutdown for indoor dining and bars for four weeks, but allowed other indoor entertainment venues like theaters, casinos, bowling alleys and indoor gun ranges will be allowed to reopen with capacity limits and a ban on concessions. High schools, colleges and universities will be allowed to reopen on January 4.[80]

As of March 11, all campuses of the Lake Superior State University, University of Michigan, Western Michigan University, Wayne State University, Michigan Technological University, Northern Michigan University, Michigan State University, Grand Valley State University, Saginaw Valley State University, Central Michigan University, and all community colleges, had various restrictions on students and faculty in response to the virus.[204][205][206]

Executive Order 2020-05 also included the closure of all K–12 school buildings from March 16 through April 5 (Executive Order 2020-05).[185] On April 2, the order was updated to suspend the remainder of the 2019–20 school year unless crisis restrictions are otherwise lifted. The order included guidelines for the development and distribution of home learning materials. Additionally, all high school seniors will be given the opportunity to graduate on their previously anticipated date.[186]

Additionally, on March 13, the Michigan Department of Education was granted a federal waiver by the United States Department of Agriculture. The waiver allowed for students who will receive food from the Unanticipated School Closure SFSP to not be mandated to receive the food in a group setting.[207] The Michigan Department of Corrections banned visitors to prisons, along with prohibiting any volunteers from the prison. Staff at prisons will be required to have their temperature tested and be proven to be under 100.4 °F (38.0 °C) along with other measures.[208] The Michigan Career and Technical Institute suspended all programs until April 5.[209]

On June 30, Governor Whitmer released the state's "Return to School Roadmap" containing three proposed plans for re-opening K-12 schools for the upcoming 2020–21 school year.[35]

On August 18, Michigan State University moved all classes for the fall 2020 semester to virtual learning.[45]

On August 19, it was announced the state's public schools, especially low-income school districts, are receiving a combined $65 million for virtual learning technology.[210]

August 24, Eastern Michigan University postponed its date for students to move onto campus from August 27 to September 17. It began its fall semester online on August 31, but will transition the small number of classes that were scheduled to be in-person to a near fully online schedule through September 20.[211]

A face coverings required sign at a Rite Aid in Taylor, Michigan

On March 13, with Executive Order 2020–05, the Governor banned all gatherings of 250 or more people in a single space starting that day.[212] The ban made exceptions for residential facilities and child care services at schools in addition to exemptions for consumers buying groceries or products, for industrial and manufacturing work, and for public transport and other forms of mass transit (Executive Order 2020-05) [213] The ban was lowered to 50 people on March 16 per a CDC recommendation and is effective from March 17 – April 5.[187] The order was later updated to exclude houses of worship from penalty if they convened more than 50 people.[214]

Michigan Secretary of State Jocelyn Benson issued an order starting March 16 to limit all Michigan Secretary of State branch offices to appointment-only instead of walk-ins. The only services provided by the offices will be for those applying for new licenses and IDs, for title transfers, and for testing for a license. All branches will no longer be open on Saturdays, with most weekday hours expanding. For those renewing their licenses, the proof of car insurance requirement was waived. Also waived were late fees associated with the change.[215]

Members of the Michigan Army National Guard loading medical supplies

On March 10, Attorney General Dana Nessel set up a hotline to report businesses price gouging goods such as toilet paper, meat, milk, bread, bottled water, face masks, hand sanitizers, and cleaning supplies. Sellers face fines if their asking price is at least 20% higher than it was on March 9, after an executive order from Governor Whitmer banned the practice, until April 16. The order includes a clause that exempts retailers if they "can prove the increase is attributable to an increase in cost of bringing the product to market or an extraordinary discount was in effect as of March 9".[216] As of March 19, at least 800 complaints have been received.[217] On March 19, Nessel sent a cease and desist letter to Menards after her investigators found evidence of price hikes, sometimes doubling the retail cost, on high-demand bleach and 3M face masks. In other instances, tipsters reported seeing face masks that cost $10 each, cases of water for $35, and bottles of hand sanitizer for $60. Whitmer issued a second order on March 20 which "focuses enforcement resources on the cases most pertinent to the emergency by clarifying which price increases constitute price gouging."[218] As of April 14, 3,541 complaints have been received.[219]

On March 20, Governor Whitmer signed an executive order banning landlords from filing eviction requests against tenants until April 17, which she says "relieves courts from certain statutory restrictions to enable them to stay eviction-related proceedings until after the COVID-19 emergency has passed".[220] Also on that date, Whitmer signed an executive order for medical and dental facilities to postpone any "non-essential" procedures, such as plastic surgery and teeth whitening, beginning March 20 through the time the State of Emergency is lifted.[221] On March 21, Whitmer issued an executive order to close facilities that provide non-essential personal care services such as hair and nail salons, tanning salons, spas, and businesses that offer massages, tattoos, body art, and piercings, until April 13.[222] On March 30, Governor Whitmer signed an executive order banning non-essential veterinary visits.[223]

On May 18, Governor Whitmer issued two executive orders, one prohibiting factories from giving tours[224] and another requiring people to cover their faces in indoor public spaces.[225] The former requirement was waived to allow President Trump to visit a Ford manufacturing plant in Ypsilanti on May 21. While touring the plant (which was producing ventilators and personal protective equipment), Trump had a mask with the presidential seal but did not wear it on camera, saying he "didn't want to give the press the pleasure of seeing it." Michigan's attorney general Dana Nessel said she expected to "have a very serious conversation with Ford" for enabling the violation of the face-covering requirement, adding the president had sent "the worst possible message" and that he would no longer be welcome to tour facilities in the state.[226] Governor Whitmer also signed an executive order on March 21 allowing gatherings of 10 people or less at retail stores by appointment only.[227] Some malls opened as early as March 28 and some automobile showrooms reopened after the executive order was made.[228][229] Tribal casinos plan to reopen on May 29.[230]

After the flooding in Midland due to two dams breaking on May 20 forcing mass evacuations, Senator Jim Stamas asks Governor Whitmer to reopen restaurants in the area.[231][232]

On June 11, Governor Whitmer extended the freeze on residential evictions for non-payment of rent to June 30.[233] According to the Executive Order signed by Governor Whitmer, on June 10, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and Northern Michigan and on June 15 personal care services will reopen.[234]

On August 21, the Michigan Occupational Safety and Health Administration (MIOSHA) cited six businesses with coronavirus health and safety violations, including lack of health screenings, face coverings, employee training, cleaning measures, and overall preparedness plans. Each faces a $7,000 fine.[235]

On September 17, another 19 businesses were fined by MIOSHA for "serious violations" of COVID-19 safety protocols.[236]

On October 2, it was announced ten more business were cited for violating COVID-19 safety guidelines.[237]

On November 25, it was announced three bars have had their licenses suspending for violating the MDHHS's latest emergency order, and four other businesses have faced fines.[238] Five more had theirs suspended on December 29.[239]

On March 17, the Michigan Legislature approved $125 million to fight the pandemic, with $50 million going towards the Department of Health and Human Services and another $40 million towards other state agencies for ongoing coronavirus response needs. Another $35 million was set in reserve in case more funding becomes necessary in the future.[192] On March 18, Governor Whitmer asked the Michigan Army National Guard to "assist the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services with assembling and loading critical personal protective equipment, such as gloves, gowns, and face shields."[193] In response to widespread rumors that were circulating regarding the National Guard's presence in the state, Whitmer reaffirmed on March 20 that there were no active plans to implement martial law, although she did indicate that state officials were monitoring the effectiveness of lock-down protocols in other states, should they become necessary.[240] On March 30, the legislature allocated an additional $150 million to purchase supplies to fight the pandemic.[194] President Donald Trump approved Governor Whitmer's disaster declaration on March 28.[241] Michigan will get about $2 billion from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) signed into law on March 27.[242] On August 5, it was announced small businesses in Michigan will receive a combined total of $5.7 million from the CARES Act.[243]

On March 23, Governor Whitmer issued a statewide stay-at-home order, starting the morning of Tuesday, March 24, and lasting for at least three weeks, until April 13.[11] It was later extended until April 30, and then re-extended until May 15, and once more until May 30.[26][189][31] "Stay Home, Stay Safe", Executive Order 2020–21 directed all businesses and operations to temporarily suspend in-person services that are not necessary to sustain or protect life. The order directed residents to remain "in their homes unless they’re a part of an essential workforce, engaged in an outdoor activity, or performing tasks necessary to the health and safety of themselves or their family, like going to the hospital, or grocery store." When leaving the house, individuals must adhere to social distancing measures, as directed by the CDC.[11] The next stay-at-home order, Executive Order 2020–42, signed April 9, closed golf courses, disallowed recreational boating and travel to vacation homes in the state, and banned customers from shopping in non-essential sections of retail stores and businesses, including carpeting, flooring, furniture, garden centers, plant nurseries or paint.[22][23][24][25] Failure to abide by the order could have resulted in a $1,000 fine or 90 days in jail.[244] On April 7, the state of emergency was extended until April 30.[245] It was later extended it until May 28 which modifies some of the restrictions of previous orders.[27] On April 15, Governor Whitmer ordered nursing homes to transfer coronavirus patients to separate units or special facilities and banned evictions from nursing homes. The order was in effect until May 13.[246] On April 17, Governor Whitmer outlined a plan to re-open the state's economy starting May 1, after her latest stay at home order expired.[247] The stay-at-home order was later extended to May 15, with some restrictions from the second one lifted and others added. The controversial bans of recreational boating and travel to vacation homes were removed, while non-medical grade face coverings in public became mandatory starting April 26. Several businesses and sections of stores were allowed to reopen, including those gardening supplies and paint, as well as golf courses, but Airbnb rentals were banned.[26] The next stay-at-home order modified some of the restrictions from previous orders and allowed manufacturing to restart on May 11.[32] On April 27, Governor Whitmer signed an executive order placing several new regulations on restaurant and grocery stores and their employees.[248] On May 18, Governor Whitmer announced bars and restaurant dining rooms in the Northern Lower Peninsula and the Upper Peninsula would be allowed to open on May 22.[249] She later announced retail stores and auto dealerships may reopen on May 26 and nonessential medical, dental, and veterinary procedures may begin on May 29.[196] On May 22, Governor Whitmer extended the stay-at-home order until June 12 and the state of emergency until June 19.[33] On June 1, Governor Whitmer lifted the stay-at-home order, and also announced that restaurants and bars would be allowed to reopen statewide on June 8.[250] On July 14, Governor Whitmer extended the state of emergency again until August 11.[251] A month later Whitmer issued a new order which expires September 4.[38] The newest emergency order expired October 27.[54] On April 16, Governor Whitmer joined the governors of Ohio, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky to coordinate a plan to reopen the Midwest regional economy.[252]

On March 13, Delta Air Lines, which has a major hub at Detroit Metropolitan Airport, said it will cancel all flights to Europe for the next 30 days, decreasing flight amounts by 40% and grounding 300 planes.[262] Delta had previously indicated it would reduce international flights by 20–25% and domestic flights by 10–15%.[263]

On April 28, Delta announced it will suspend flights to and from Flint, Lansing, and Kalamazoo and several other small hub airports across the country after losing $534 million in the first quarter of 2020 due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on aviation.[264]

Michigan airports will receive a combined $256 million in federal aid to help ease economic hardship from the coronavirus crisis, funded by the CARES Act.[265]

On August 20, American Airlines announced it will end service to 15 small airports, including Kalamazoo, starting October 7.[266]

Starting on March 15, several grocery chains that have stores in Michigan, including Kroger, Meijer, and Walmart, began reducing their business hours for cleaning and restocking in response to the pandemic.[267][268][269] Similarly, Michigan-based Meijer is projected to hire 40–50 new seasonal employees per store to help meet public demand during the outbreak.[270] On March 20, Kroger announced that starting the morning of March 23, all of its Michigan stores will be dedicating the first hour of business on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays to seniors, expectant mothers, first responders, and those with compromised immune systems.[271] On March 30, Kroger announced it will hire up to 2,000 people in Michigan in response to the pandemic.[272]

Temporary hospital in the TCF Center in Detroit.

The 2020 North American International Auto Show in Detroit was canceled on March 29, due to the use of its venue TCF Center as a FEMA facility.[273]

Michigan-based automotive manufacturers General Motors, Ford, and Fiat Chrysler announced plans to gradually shut down plants starting March 19 with all plants closed by the end of the month.[274]

On March 30, Ford announced it will convert its Rawsonville Components Plant in Ypsilanti to produce GE/Airon Corporation Model A-E ventilators. It says it will produce 50,000 ventilators in the next 100 days.[275]

On April 1 2020, General Motors announced it will produce 30,000 V+Pro critical care ventilators for the national stockpile.[276]

On the morning of March 16, Governor Whitmer announced a temporary order to close all bars and restaurants in the state to sit-down service, effective at 3 pm the same evening until March 30. Carry-out and delivery options were excluded from the order, although restaurants were urged to limit in-building carry-out services to five customers at a time. The order also included fitness centers, theaters, casinos, and other venues that encourage large assemblages of patrons, with several exceptions, such as office buildings.[188][277] This order is expected to have significant economic impacts on businesses, and it prompted the Michigan Restaurant and Lodging Association to call for Whitmer to submit paperwork to qualify Michigan for the U.S. Small Business Administration Economic Injury Disaster Loan program.[277] The order also expands unemployment benefits to public health workers who become ill, people who need to take time off to care for children, and others, until April 14.[278]

Domino's Pizza, which is centered in the state, anticipated hiring up to 10,000 people to help meet increased demand for food delivery services due to the pandemic,[279] while Jet's Pizza also prepared to hire "hundreds" of additional delivery drivers for the same reason.[280]

On June 8, Lansing restaurants reopened for dine-in service for the first time since mid-May.[281]

On September 21, it was announced three bars in West Michigan lost their liquor licenses temporarily after they allegedly failed to enforce coronavirus mandates.[282]

On January 22, 2021, at Governor Whitmer announced that starting on February 1, restaurants may re-open at 25% capacity with up to 100 people, tables must be six feet apart with no more than six people per table, and bars and restaurants must close by 10 p.m. Contact information must also be collected from people for contact tracing purposes.[88]

On March 19, the Michigan Strategic Fund unanimously voted to approve a $20 million economic relief program meant to help struggling small businesses affected by the pandemic.[283] The Michigan Unemployment Insurance Agency (UIA) had processed over 1.7 million applications as of May 13, with 1.375 million people receiving benefits. The state has paid $5.62 billion in benefits since the state of emergency was declared two months prior.[284] By June 19, UIA disbursed $11.4 billion to two million people since the coronavirus pandemic reached the state.[285] On August 21, the Federal Emergency Management Administration approved UIA's application for funding that would provide an additional $300 per week payment to Michigan residents receiving unemployment benefits.[286] On October 14, the federal government approved unemployment benefits for 20 more weeks, with up to 59 weeks of benefits for some workers.[287] On October 20, Governor Whitmer signed a bill approving six more weeks of state unemployment aid.[288]

On March 12, Major League Baseball cancelled the remainder of spring training. Four days later, they announced that the season would be postponed indefinitely, after the recommendations from the CDC to restrict events of more than 50 people for the next eight weeks, which affected Michigan's team, the Detroit Tigers.[289] On June 24, two members of the Detroit Tigers organization (later identified as pitcher Daniel Norris and a coach) tested positive for COVID-19.[137] Norris was later cleared to join the Opening Day roster.[138]

On June 25, Governor Whitmer signed an executive order which allows professional sports to resume in the state.[290] Two days before, MLB Commissioner Rob Manfred unilaterally implemented a 60-game season. Players reported to training camps at their regular season home stadiums on July 1 in order to resume spring training, which included inter-squad games only, and prepare for a July 23 or 24 Opening Day (July 24 for the Tigers).[291] In an effort to slow the spread of the virus, teams only played their own division and the opposite league's corresponding geographical division, e.g. the Tigers only played the American League Central (40 games total) and National League Central (20 games total).[292] Games were played behind closed doors, with artificial crowd noise played over loudspeakers.[293]

The Tigers' August 3–6 series against the St. Louis Cardinals was postponed several times after 17 of the latter's members tested positive for COVID-19, with two of the games later cancelled outright.[294]

Also on March 12, the National Basketball Association announced the season would be suspended for 30 days, which affected the Detroit Pistons.[295]

On March 14, Detroit Pistons power forward Christian Wood reportedly tested positive for COVID-19.[109]

The Pistons' season officially ended on June 5 when they failed to make the cut for a 22-team restart.[296]

In the National Hockey League, the season was suspended for an indefinite amount of time starting March 12, which affected the Detroit Red Wings.[297]

The Red Wings' season officially ended on May 27 when they failed to make a 24-team playoff tournament.[298]

The NHL's shortened 2020–21 season began on January 13. It will run for 56 games per team, ending on May 8.[299]

On July 27, National Football League preseason games, which usually take place in August, were cancelled by NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell due to the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting the Detroit Lions.[300]

Since July 30, the Lions have placed eight players on the injury list after they tested positive for COVID-19.[142] One player's test, quarterback Matthew Stafford, was later revealed to be a false-positive and he was removed from the list on August 4.[301]

Most games in the 2020 season were played behind closed doors, with crowds at some stadiums limited to friends and families of the players, coaches, and staff members.[302][303][304][305][306][307][308][309][310][311][312][313][314]

Several members of the Lions coaching staff, including interim head coach Darrell Bevell, sat out the December 26 game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers due to an outbreak.[315]

Executive Order 2020–42, signed April 9, closed golf courses in the state.[24] On April 26, golf courses were allowed to re-open, provided golfers adhere to social distancing guidelines, and stay at least six feet away from people who do not live in their home. Golf carts will not be allowed.[26]

On May 8, golf carts were allowed back on the Michigan golf courses.[316]

The FireKeepers Casino Hotel Championship, an LPGA Symetra Tour event, is one of the first pro sports events returning to Michigan, scheduled for July 24–26 at the Battle Creek Country Club.

The PGA Tour Champions's The Ally Challenge was played at Warwick Hills Golf and Country Club in Grand Blanc Township from July 27–August 2, 2020.[317]

On April 6, IndyCar was forced to cancel the Duel in Detroit at Belle Isle Park which were originally scheduled to be first two races of the season.[318] The NASCAR Cup Series postponed the 2020 FireKeepers Casino 400 at Michigan International Speedway from June 5–7 to August 8.[319] The NASCAR Xfinity Series lost their Michigan date for 2020.[320]

The NCAA also canceled all of its remaining winter tournaments for the 2019–2020 academic year, including the 2020 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament—whose national semi-finals and championship were scheduled to be hosted by Detroit. All spring 2020 seasons were canceled as well.[321]

On June 1, Governor Whitmer signed an executive order that allows college teams to begin workouts and practice sessions for fall 2020 sports seasons. It allows "outdoor fitness classes, athletic practices, training sessions or games, provided that coaches, spectators and participants not from the same household maintain six feet of distance from one another at all times".[322]

On August 8, the Mid-American Conference (MAC), which includes the Central Michigan Chippewas, Eastern Michigan Eagles, and Western Michigan Broncos, canceled all of its fall 2020 sports seasons.[39] On September 25, the MAC reversed its previous decision on its 2020 football season, voting to play a six–game schedule which started on November 4.[40]

On August 11, the Big Ten Conference, which includes the Michigan Wolverines and Michigan State Spartans, postponed their fall 2020 sports seasons.[41] On September 16, however, it was announced the 2020 football season would start on October 24 with an eight-game schedule.[323]

On August 12, the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, which is made up mostly of schools in Michigan, postponed its fall 2020 and winter 2021 sports seasons.[42]

In the fall of 2020, the pandemic caused both the Michigan Wolverines football and Michigan State Spartans football teams to cancel their games against the Maryland Terrapins football team due to COVID-19 outbreaks.[179][177][178] The Michigan football team's game against their arch-rival, the Ohio State Buckeyes, as well as their game against the Iowa Hawkeyes, were also canceled after an increasing number of Michigan players and staff members became infected.[324][179][180]

As of December 11, at least 188 Michigan Wolverines student-athletes have test positive for COVID-19.[325]

On January 23, the University of Michigan shut down all sports for two weeks after the new more infectious UK variant of COVID-19 was discovered in five individuals with ties to the school.[90][89]

At the high school level, the Michigan High School Athletic Association canceled the remainder of the winter 2020–21 seasons and all of the spring 2020 seasons on April 3.[326]

On July 17, MHSAA announced all fall sports will resume as scheduled for the 2020–21 school year with practices starting August 10 for football and August 12 for other sports.[327] However, on July 30, they announced all preseason scrimmages would be canceled and medium and high-risk sports (soccer, volleyball and football) could start practice but a final decision on whether games would be allowed might not be made until August 20.[328] The MHSAA postponed the football season until spring 2021.[44] On August 20, the MHSAA announced it will be allowing soccer, volleyball and swimming to start fall competition in Michigan's region 6 and 8 in Northern Michigan and the Upper Peninsula. Regions 1-5 and 7 are still pending due to the phases they are in according to the Governor's executive orders on the pandemic. Girl's golf, boys tennis and cross country in both peninsulas are able to start immediately because they are not contact sports.[329] On September 3, the MHSAA approved the return of all fall 2020 sports.[330]

On November 15, Governor Whitmer announced the MDHHS has ordered all high school sports to suspend activities for three weeks, effective November 18.[64]

On April 15, a convoy of thousands of motorists drove from all over the state to protest the extension of Governor Gretchen Whitmer's stay-at-home order.[331] The protest, known now as Operation Gridlock, involved clogging the streets surrounding on near the Michigan State Capitol, including the Capitol Loop, with their vehicles, drawing national attention.[332] The protest was organized by the Michigan Conservative Coalition, a group with ties to the DeVos family, through Facebook.[333] The Michigan Freedom Fund supported the rally by as an event co-host, spending an estimated $250 to promote the event.[334] The Michigan Conservative Coalition is asking the governor to take a more measured approach that would allow certain parts of work and daily life to start returning to normal.[335] The organizers urged participants to practice social distancing, and not leave their vehicles during the protest. Lt. Darren Green of the Michigan State Police estimated several thousand cars were part of the demonstration, with 100 to 150 people congregating on the Capitol lawn. “They’re doing a pretty good job of maintaining social distance," Green said. "They’re being respectful and not causing any issues at all.” Neither the Michigan State Police nor the Lansing Police Department had reported any arrests.[336] Multiple services have been disrupted as a result of Operation Gridlock, such as the Capital Area Transportation Authority (CATA) temporarily suspending their downtown route.[337] Governor Whitmer said the protest was legal per the First Amendment's right to freedom of assembly, and understood the protesters' anger, but warned them they were endangering their health by not following social distancing guidelines and noticed some people were not wearing personal protective equipment, including children, further adding "(It's) not a political decision, it's about public health. The enemy is the virus, not one another." [338][332] President Donald Trump supported the protest on April 17 with an all-caps tweet saying "Liberate Michigan".[339]

On April 30, a second protest occurred when hundreds of protesters, many carrying firearms, gathered at the Michigan Capitol. Many protesters were able to enter the building. The demonstration was organized by conservative group Michigan United for Liberty.[340] Governor Whitmer said on April 30 that she found elements of the protest ‘disturbing.’ Also, in an appearance May 3 on CNN’s State of the Union, the governor said the Confederate flags, nooses and Nazi signs displayed were ‘outrageous’ and racist, with some depicting her as Adolf Hitler.[341] On May 14, more armed protesters from Michigan United for Liberty gathered outside the Michigan State Capitol.[342] The organization's Facebook group was deleted over death threats against Governor Whitmer and a fight broke out over a doll tied to a noose carried by a man who also had an axe at the protest.[343] The Michigan Legislature closed its scheduled session to avoid the possibility of another armed confrontation inside the chamber.

On May 20, the Michigan Conservative Coalition held "Operation Haircut" on the lawn of the Capitol Building, in which barbers gave free haircuts, in support of an Owosso barber who was forced to shut down after continuing to operate until the previous week, violating the executive order closing non-essential businesses that included barbershops and beauty salons resulting in the state suspending his license. Several of the barbers at the demonstration were issued $1,000 citations by the Michigan State Police for disorderly conduct.[344] A week later on May 27, the group from Operation Haircut delivered a letter to the Governor with a layout of safe practices to reopen.[345] The charges against the Owosso barber were eventually dismissed.[346]

A peaceful demonstration of prayers organized by the religious non-profit Transformation Michigan was performed on the Capitol lawn on May 28.[347]

A peaceful protest called "Let MI People Go" by religious group Stand Up Michigan took place on the Capitol lawn on October 8.[348]

Governor Whitmer's handling of the pandemic was one of the motives mentioned by a suspect in an elaborate kidnapping plot that had been thwarted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. In October 2020, fourteen members of a right-wing militia group called the Wolverine Watchmen were subsequently charged with several federal and state crimes.[349][350]

On December 15, a protest took place near the home of Robert Gordon, the director of the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, to oppose the new restrictions imposed by the state.[351]

In April multiple lawsuits were filed challenging Whitmer's executive orders. The suits were filed by individuals, business owners, recreational fishermen, a conservation organization, and several county prosecutors. They alleged that her orders were overly broad, violated their constitutional rights, harmed businesses, and amounted to an unconstitutional taking of property rights.[352][353][354][355][356] Governor Whitmer's third stay-at-home order, issued April 24, overturned the restrictions on recreational boating and visits to vacation homes, effectively ending some of the lawsuits.[357]

On April 29, inmates from various Michigan prisons filed a class action lawsuit against the Michigan Department of Corrections in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Michigan, claiming the state is violating the Eighth Amendment by subjecting inmates to cruel and unusual punishment by not taking necessary pandemic precautions.[358]

On May 6, a group of churches sued Governor Whitmer, claiming "Executive Order 2020-70 continues to prohibit gatherings of two or more individuals, including at churches, thereby denying them the ability to hold worship services and otherwise carry out their ministry functions until May 28, 2020" violates their First Amendment right of freedom of religion.[359]

On May 22, a group of independently owned gyms and fitness centers sued Governor Whitmer and the state's top health official the in U.S. District Court for the Western District of Michigan in Grand Rapids attempting to overturn the state's stay-at-home order and allow them to reopen.[360] Whitmer re-opened gyms and fitness centers on September 9.[361]

On May 29, the Department of Justice filed a statement that supports a lawsuit filed by seven Michigan businesses that challenged the restrictions imposed by Governor Gretchen Whitmer in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.[362][363] On June 2, Governor Whitmer stated in an opinion piece that the coronavirus is a civil rights battle too and that she was surprised by the lawsuit.[364]

On October 21, a chiropractors' office in Grand Haven sued the MDHHS, Whitmer, the Ottawa County Department of Public Health and the county's Deputy Health Administrator in the Michigan Court of Claims, arguing that it did not have the authority to mandate the wearing of face masks. The business had received warnings and a cease-and-desist order from local officials over its non-enforcement of the state mask mandate.[365]

On November 17, the Michigan Restaurant and Lodging Association sued the Michigan Department of Health and Human Service's director to block a ban on dine-in service ordered from November 18 until December 8.[366] On November 20, a federal judge denied the request, but scheduled a hearing on the case for November 30.[367]

On December 7, in response to the extension of a partial shutdown order that lasts until December 20, a group of Catholic high schools called the Michigan Association of Non-public Schools sued the state in the United States District Court for the Western District of Michigan on claims that emergency health orders banning in-school classes and religious training are unconstitutional.[368]

On May 6, Michigan House of Representatives Speaker Lee Chatfield and Michigan Senate Majority Leader Mike Shirkey, both Republicans, sued Governor Whitmer, who is a Democrat, over her use of emergency powers during the pandemic, saying only the Michigan Legislature has the power to extend the state of emergency.[369] The Michigan Court of Claims ruled in Governor Whitmer's favor on May 21.[370] The Michigan Court of Appeals affirmed the Court of Claims' ruling on August 21, in a 2–1 decision.[371]

On October 2, the Michigan Supreme Court ruled on questions posed by District Judge Paul Lewis Maloney over whether Governor Whitmer violated the state Emergency Management Act of 1976, and whether the Emergency Powers of Governor Act of 1945 was unconstitutional. It was argued that Whitmer bypassed a requirement for a vote by the state legislature in order to extend a state of emergency beyond 28 days, by redeclaring it each time it expired. It was also argued that the Emergency Powers of Governor Act constituted an "unlawful delegation of legislative power to the executive". The court unanimously ruled against Whitmer on the former question. The court ruled 4–3 against Whitmer on the latter question.[372][373][374]

Michigan Senate Majority Leader Mike Shirkey warned that the decision "does not alter our collective responsibility to protect ourselves and others ", and encouraged "bipartisan action to transition from government operating in fear of the virus to government managing life in the presence of the virus."[372][373] Governor Whitmer argued that the decision was still subject to a 21-day reconsideration period, during which the orders should have still stood. On October 4, Michigan Attorney General Dana Nessel stated that she would stop enforcing COVID-19-related executive orders.[372] On October 5, Governor Whitmer told CNN the decision "undermined my emergency rule, my emergency orders that I’ve had to enact that puts us in the same state as all other states in this nation, to save lives. We’ve saved thousands of lives."[375]

In response to the ruling, the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) issued various orders intended to supplant most of Whitmer's executive orders, including requiring bars to close indoor gathering spaces, restrict the size of gatherings, and require the use of face masks in "social gatherings", defined as a shared space with two or more people where people are from multiple households. Businesses and government offices are required to enforce the requirements for gatherings on their premises. It also requires mask use in all sports except swimming if social distancing is not being practiced. These orders were enacted under the state health code, which gives the director of the HHS the authority to restrict gatherings and "establish procedures" to control an epidemic.[376][377][378] The Michigan Occupational Safety and Health Administration similarly issued its own set of emergency rules for workplaces on October 14, again supplanting Whitmer's orders.[379]

On October 12, the Court denied Whitmer's motion for a transition period, officially voiding all executive orders she had issued.[380][377][378]