List of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent

This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories of the world by continent, displayed with their respective national flags, including the following entities:

This list divides the world using the seven-continent model, with islands grouped into adjacent continents. Variations on are noted below and discussed in the following articles: Continent, Boundaries between the continents of Earth, and List of transcontinental countries.

Legend

Legend "Membership within the UN System" column

  UN Member states
  UN Observer states
  Member of a UN Specialized Agency
  Observer in a UN Specialized Agency
  No membership in the UN System
  Dependent Territory of UN member

Legend "Sovereignty dispute" column

  Undisputed sovereignty
  Sovereignty disputed

Africa

For a table of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa with geographical data such as area, population, and population density, see Africa: territories and regions.

Geologically, Africa is connected to Eurasia by the Isthmus of Suez and forms part of Afro-Eurasia.

Common and formal names Membership within the UN System[lower-alpha 1] Sovereignty dispute[lower-alpha 2] Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[lower-alpha 4]
AAA AAA AAA
AABUN member states and observer states AAB AAB
 Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria AACUN member state AACNone
 Angola – Republic of Angola AACUN member state AACNone
 Benin – Republic of Benin AACUN member state AACNone
 Botswana – Republic of Botswana AACUN member state AACNone
 Burkina Faso AACUN member state AACNone
 Burundi – Republic of Burundi AACUN member state AACNone
 Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon AACUN member state AACNone
 Cape Verde – Republic of Cabo Verde[lower-alpha 5] AACUN member state AACNone
 Central African Republic AACUN member state AACNone
 Chad – Republic of Chad AACUN member state AACNone
 Comoros – Union of the Comoros AACUN member state AACNone

Comoros is a federation of three islands.[lower-alpha 6]

 Congo, Democratic Republic of the[lower-alpha 7] AACUN member state AACNone
 Congo, Republic of the[lower-alpha 8] AACUN member state AACNone
Côte d'Ivoire → Ivory Coast ZZA ZZA
Democratic Republic of the Congo → Congo, Democratic Republic of the ZZA ZZA
 Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti AACUN member state AACNone
 Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt AACUN member state AACNone
 Equatorial Guinea – Republic of Equatorial Guinea AACUN member state AACNone
 Eritrea – State of Eritrea AACUN member state AACNone
 Eswatini – Kingdom of Eswatini[lower-alpha 9] AACUN member state AACNone
 Ethiopia – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia AACUN member state AACNone

Ethiopia is a federation of nine regions and two chartered cities.

 Gabon – Gabonese Republic AACUN member state AACNone
Gambia  Gambia, The – Republic of The Gambia[6] AACUN member state AACNone
 Ghana – Republic of Ghana AACUN member state AACNone
 Guinea – Republic of Guinea[lower-alpha 10] AACUN member state AACNone
 Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau AACUN member state AACNone
 Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire[lower-alpha 11] AACUN member state AACNone
 Kenya – Republic of Kenya AACUN member state AACNone
 Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho AACUN member state AACNone
 Liberia – Republic of Liberia AACUN member state AACNone
 Libya – State of Libya AACUN member state AACNone
 Madagascar – Republic of Madagascar AACUN member state AACNone
 Malawi – Republic of Malawi AACUN member state AACNone
 Mali – Republic of Mali AACUN member state AACNone
 Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania AACUN member state AACNone
 Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius AACUN member state AACNone

Mauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues.[lower-alpha 12]

 Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco AACUN member state AACNone

Part of the Moroccan-claimed Western Sahara is controlled by the partially recognised Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.

 Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique AACUN member state AACNone
 Namibia – Republic of Namibia AACUN member state AACNone
 Niger – Republic of Niger AACUN member state AACNone
 Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria AACUN member state AACNone

Nigeria is a federation of 36 states and one federal territory.

Republic of the Congo → Congo, Republic of the ZZA ZZA
 Rwanda – Republic of Rwanda AACUN member state AACNone
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic → Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic ZZA ZZA
 São Tomé and Príncipe – Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe AACUN member state AACNone

São Tomé and Príncipe contains one autonomous province, Príncipe.[lower-alpha 12]

 Senegal – Republic of Senegal AACUN member state AACNone
 Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles AACUN member state AACNone
 Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone AACUN member state AACNone
 Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia AACUN member state AACNone

Somalia is a federation of six states. Two, Puntland and Galmudug, have self-declared autonomy, while one, Somaliland, is de facto independent.

Somaliland → Somaliland ZZA ZZA
 South Africa – Republic of South Africa AACUN member state AACNone
 South Sudan – Republic of South Sudan AACUN member state AACNone

South Sudan is a federation of 10 states and three administrative areas.

  • The Abyei Area is a zone with "special administrative status" established by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005. It is de jure a condominium of South Sudan and Sudan, but de facto administered by two competing administrations and the United Nations.[7][8]
 Sudan – Republic of the Sudan AACUN member state AACNone

Sudan is a federation of 18 states.

  • The Abyei Area is a zone with "special administrative status" established by the Comprehensive Peace Agreement in 2005. It is de jure a condominium of South Sudan and Sudan, but de facto administered by two competing administrations and the United Nations.[7][8]
Sudan, South → South Sudan ZZA ZZA
Swaziland → Eswatini ZZA ZZA
 Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania AACUN member state AACNone

Tanzania contains one autonomous region, Zanzibar.[lower-alpha 12]

The Gambia → Gambia, The ZZA ZZA
 Togo – Togolese Republic AACUN member state AACNone
 Tunisia – Republic of Tunisia AACUN member state AACNone
 Uganda – Republic of Uganda AACUN member state AACNone
 Zambia – Republic of Zambia AACUN member state AACNone
 Zimbabwe – Republic of Zimbabwe AACUN member state AACNone
ZZBUN member states and observer states ZZB ZZB
ZZC ZZC ZZC
ZZD↓ Other states ↓ ZZD ZZD
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

Recognised at some stage by 84 UN member states, 45 of which have since withdrawn or frozen their recognition. It is a founding member of the African Union and the Asian–African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian–African Conference. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Tindouf, Algeria.

 Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

A de facto independent state,[9][10][11][12][13] not diplomatically recognised by any other state, claimed in whole by the Federal Republic of Somalia.[14]

ZZF↑ Other states ↑ ZZF ZZF
ZZG ZZG ZZG
ZZHDependent Territories ZZH ZZH
 Bouvet Island ZZINorwegian Dependent Territory ZZINone
 British Indian Ocean Territory ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZIB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands ZZIFrench Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Heard Island and McDonald Islands – Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 Mayotte – Department of Mayotte ZZIFrench Overseas Department and Region ZZINone
 Réunion – Réunion Island ZZIFrench Overseas Department and Region ZZINone
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
ZZK↑ Dependent Territories ↑ ZZK ZZK
ZZL ZZL ZZL

Asia

For a table of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia with geographical data such as area, population, and population density, see Asia: territories and regions.

Geologically, Asia is part of Eurasia and due to the Isthmus of Suez forms part of Afro-Eurasia.

Common and formal names Membership within the UN System[lower-alpha 13] Sovereignty dispute[lower-alpha 14] Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[lower-alpha 15]
AAA AAA AAA
AABUN member states and observer states AAB AAB
Abkhazia → Abkhazia ZZA ZZA
 Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan AACUN member state AACNone
 Armenia – Republic of Armenia AACUN member state Not recognised by Pakistan.

Armenia is not recognised by Pakistan due to the dispute over Artsakh.[15][16][17]

Artsakh → Artsakh ZZA ZZA
 Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan AACUN member state AACNone

Azerbaijan contains one autonomous region, Nakhchivan [lower-alpha 12] The de facto state of Artsakh has been established in the southwest of Azerbaijan.

 Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain AACUN member state AACNone
 Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh AACUN member state AACNone
 Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan AACUN member state AACNone
 Brunei – Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace AACUN member state AACNone
Burma → Myanmar ZZA ZZA
 Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia AACUN member state AACNone
 China – People's Republic of China[lower-alpha 16] AACUN member state Partially unrecognised. B Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

China contains five autonomous regions, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang.[lower-alpha 12] Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of:

China claims, but does not control Taiwan, which is governed by a rival administration (the Republic of China) that claims all of China as its territory.[lower-alpha 17]

China is not recognised by 15 UN member states and the Holy See, which, with the exception of Bhutan, all recognise Taiwan instead.[lower-alpha 18]

China, Republic of → Taiwan ZZA ZZA
 Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus AACUN member state Not recognised by Turkey[18]

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] The northeastern part of the island is the de facto state of Northern Cyprus.

Cyprus is not recognised by Turkey due to the Cyprus dispute, with Turkey recognising Northern Cyprus.

Democratic People's Republic of Korea → Korea, North ZZA ZZA
 East Timor – Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste[lower-alpha 19] AACUN member state AACNone
 Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt AACUN member state AACNone
 Georgia AACUN member state AACNone

Georgia contains two autonomous republics, Adjara and Abkhazia.[lower-alpha 12] In Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de facto states have been formed.

 India – Republic of India AACUN member state AACNone

India is a federation of 28 states and eight union territories.

 Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia AACUN member state AACNone

Indonesia has five autonomous provinces, Aceh, Jakarta, Papua, West Papua, and Yogyakarta.[lower-alpha 12]

 Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran AACUN member state AACNone
 Iraq – Republic of Iraq AACUN member state AACNone

Iraq is a federation[lower-alpha 6][19] of 19 governorates, four of which make up the autonomous Kurdistan Region.[lower-alpha 12]

 Israel – State of Israel AACUN member state Partially unrecognised

Israel exerts strong control over the territory claimed by Palestine. Israel annexed East Jerusalem,[20] an annexation not recognised by the international community.[21] Israel maintains varying levels of control over the rest of the West Bank, and although Israel no longer has a permanent civilian or military presence in the Gaza Strip, following its unilateral disengagement, it is still considered by some to be the occupying power under international law.[22][23][24][25][26] Israel is not recognised as a state by 32 UN members and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The Palestine Liberation Organization, which enjoys recognition by a majority of UN member states as the sole representative of the Palestinian people, also does not recognise Israel.

 Japan AACUN member state AACNone
 Jordan – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan AACUN member state AACNone
 Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan AACUN member state AACNone
 Korea, North – Democratic People's Republic of Korea AACUN member state B Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

North Korea is not recognised by three UN members, France, Japan, and South Korea, the last of which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea.[27]

 Korea, South – Republic of Korea AACUN member state B Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

South Korea has one autonomous region, Jejudo.[lower-alpha 12][28] South Korea is not recognised by North Korea, which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea.

 Kuwait – State of Kuwait AACUN member state AACNone
 Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic AACUN member state AACNone
 Laos – Lao People's Democratic Republic AACUN member state AACNone
 Lebanon – Lebanese Republic AACUN member state AACNone
 Malaysia AACUN member state AACNone

Malaysia is a federation of 13 states and three federal territories.

 Maldives – Republic of Maldives AACUN member state AACNone
 Mongolia AACUN member state AACNone
 Myanmar – Republic of the Union of Myanmar[lower-alpha 20] AACUN member state AACNone

Wa State is a de facto autonomous state within Myanmar.

Nagorno-Karabakh → Artsakh ZZA ZZA
   Nepal – Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal AACUN member state AACNone

Nepal is a federation composed of 7 provinces.

North Korea → Korea, North ZZA ZZA
Northern Cyprus → Northern Cyprus ZZA ZZA
 Oman – Sultanate of Oman AACUN member state AACNone
 Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan AACUN member state AACNone

Pakistan is a federation of four provinces and one capital territory. Pakistan exercises control over certain portions of Kashmir, but has not officially annexed any of it,[29][30] instead regarding it as a disputed territory.[31][32] The portions that it controls are divided into two territories, administered separately from Pakistan proper:

Azad Kashmir describes itself as a "self-governing state under Pakistani control", while Gilgit-Baltistan is described in its governance order as a group of "areas" with self-government.[33][34][35] These territories are not usually regarded as sovereign, as they do not fulfil the criteria set out by the declarative theory of statehood (for example, their current laws do not allow them to engage independently in relations with other states). Several state functions of these territories (such as foreign affairs and defence) are performed by Pakistan.[34][36][37]

 Palestine – State of Palestine UN observer state; member of 2 UN specialized agencies Partially unrecognised. B Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

The State of Palestine, declared in 1988, is not recognised as a state by Israel and has received diplomatic recognition from 138 states.[38] The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control over much of the territory that it proclaimed.[39] The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the Palestinian territories. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization.[40] The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO,[41] UNIDO, and an observer state in the UN.

 Philippines – Republic of the Philippines AACUN member state AACNone

The Philippines contains one autonomous region, Bangsamoro.[lower-alpha 12]

 Qatar – State of Qatar AACUN member state AACNone
Republic of Korea → Korea, South ZZA ZZA
 Russia – Russian Federation AACUN member state AACNone

Russia is a federation of 85 federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast). Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.[lower-alpha 12]

 Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia AACUN member state AACNone
 Singapore – Republic of Singapore AACUN member state AACNone
South Korea → Korea, South ZZA ZZA
South Ossetia → South Ossetia ZZA ZZA
 Sri Lanka – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka[lower-alpha 21] AACUN member state AACNone
 Syria – Syrian Arab Republic AACUN member state AACNone

The Syrian National Coalition, which is recognised as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people by 20 UN members, has established an interim government to rule rebel controlled territory during the Syrian civil war. Syria has one self-declared autonomous region: Rojava.

Taiwan (Republic of China) → Taiwan ZZA ZZA
 Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan AACUN member state AACNone

Tajikistan contains one autonomous region, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.[lower-alpha 12]

 Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand AACUN member state AACNone
Timor-Leste → East Timor ZZA ZZA
 Turkey – Republic of Turkey AACUN member state AACNone
 Turkmenistan AACUN member state AACNone
 United Arab Emirates AACUN member state AACNone

The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates.

 Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan AACUN member state AACNone

Uzbekistan contains one autonomous region, Karakalpakstan.[lower-alpha 12]

 Vietnam – Socialist Republic of Vietnam AACUN member state AACNone
 Yemen – Republic of Yemen AACUN member state AACNone
ZZBUN member states and observer states ZZB ZZB
ZZC ZZC ZZC
ZZD↓ Other states ↓ ZZD ZZD
 Abkhazia – Republic of Abkhazia ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

Recognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Syria, Venezuela, Artsakh, South Ossetia and Transnistria.[42] Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.

 Artsakh – Republic of Artsakh[lower-alpha 22] ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

A de facto independent state,[9][43][44] recognised only by Abkhazia,[45] South Ossetia[45] and Transnistria.[45][46] Claimed in whole by Azerbaijan.[47]

 Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

Recognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[48]

 South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia–the State of Alania ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

A de facto independent state,[49] recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Syria, Venezuela, Abkhazia, Artsakh and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.[50]

 Taiwan – Republic of China[lower-alpha 16] ZZEFormer UN member (as Republic of China, 1945–1971)
Observer in one UN specialized agency under the name "Chinese Taipei"
ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

A state competing (nominally) for recognition with the People's Republic of China (PRC) as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China (ROC) controls the island of Taiwan and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas and parts of the Spratly Islands, and has not renounced claims over its annexed territories on the mainland.[51] The ROC is recognised by 14 UN member states and the Holy See as of 20 September 2019. All these states do not recognise the PRC either. Additionally, one UN member (Bhutan) has refrained from recognising either the ROC or the PRC.

The territory of the ROC is claimed in whole by the PRC.[lower-alpha 17] The ROC participates in international organizations under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly "Chinese Taipei" and in the WTO it has full membership. The ROC was a founding member of the UN and enjoyed membership from 1945 to 1971, with veto power in the UN Security Council. See China and the United Nations.

ZZF↑ Other states ↑ ZZF ZZF
ZZG ZZG ZZG
ZZHDependent Territories ZZH ZZH
 Akrotiri and Dhekelia – The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Ashmore and Cartier Islands – Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 British Indian Ocean Territory ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZIB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina
 Christmas Island – Territory of Christmas Island ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands – Territory of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 Hong Kong – Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ZZIPRC Special Administrative Region ZZINone
 Macau – Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ZZIPRC Special Administrative Region ZZINone
ZZK↑ Dependent Territories ↑ ZZK ZZK
ZZL ZZL ZZL

Europe

For a table of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe with geographical data such as area, population, and population density, see Europe: political geography.

Geologically, Europe is part of Eurasia and due to the Isthmus of Suez forms part of Afro-Eurasia.

Common and formal names Membership within the UN System[lower-alpha 23] Sovereignty dispute[lower-alpha 24] Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[lower-alpha 25]
AAA AAA AAA
AABUN member states and observer states AAB AAB
Abkhazia → Abkhazia ZZA ZZA
 Albania – Republic of Albania AACUN member state AACNone
 Andorra – Principality of Andorra AACUN member state AACNone

Andorra is a co-principality in which the office of head of state is jointly held ex officio by the French president and the bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Urgell,[52] who himself is appointed with approval from the Holy See.

 Armenia – Republic of Armenia AACUN member state Not recognised by Pakistan.

Armenia is not recognised by Pakistan due to the dispute over Artsakh.[53][54][55]

Artsakh → Artsakh ZZA ZZA
 Austria – Republic of Austria AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the European Union.[lower-alpha 3] Austria is a federation of nine states.

 Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan AACUN member state AACNone

Azerbaijan contains one autonomous region, Nakhchivan [lower-alpha 12] The de facto state of Artsakh has been established in the southwest of Azerbaijan.

 Belarus – Republic of Belarus AACUN member state AACNone

Belarus forms the Union State jointly with Russia.

 Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] Belgium is a federation of three linguistic communities and three regions.

 Bosnia and Herzegovina AACUN member state AACNone

Bosnia and Herzegovina has two constituent entities:

and Brčko District, a self-governing administrative district.[57]

 Bulgaria – Republic of Bulgaria AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Croatia – Republic of Croatia AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus AACUN member state Not recognised by Turkey[58]

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] The northeastern part of the island is the de facto state of Northern Cyprus.

Cyprus is not recognised by Turkey due to the Cyprus dispute, with Turkey recognising Northern Cyprus.

 Czech Republic[lower-alpha 26] AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] The Kingdom of Denmark includes 2 self-governing territories:

The continental territory of Denmark, the Faroe Islands, and Greenland form the three constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Danish Realm.[lower-alpha 27] The Kingdom of Denmark as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law does not apply to the Faroe Islands and Greenland.[59][60]

 Estonia – Republic of Estonia AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Finland – Republic of Finland AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 France – French Republic AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] France contains five overseas regions/departments; French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Réunion. France also includes the overseas territories of:

 Georgia AACUN member state AACNone

Georgia contains two autonomous republics, Adjara and Abkhazia.[lower-alpha 12] In Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de facto states have been formed.

 Germany – Federal Republic of Germany AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] Germany is a federation of 16 states.

 Greece – Hellenic Republic AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] Greece contains one autonomous area, Mount Athos.[61]

Holy See → Vatican City ZZA ZZA
 Hungary AACUN member state AACNone
 Iceland[lower-alpha 30] AACUN member state AACNone
 Ireland[lower-alpha 31] AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Italy – Italian Republic AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] Italy has 5 autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.[lower-alpha 12]

 Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan AACUN member state AACNone
Kosovo → Kosovo ZZA ZZA
 Latvia – Republic of Latvia AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein AACUN member state AACNone
 Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

Macedonia → North Macedonia ZZA ZZA
 Malta – Republic of Malta AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Moldova – Republic of Moldova AACUN member state AACNone

Moldova has the autonomous regions of Gagauzia and Transnistria autonomous territorial unit. The latter is under the de facto control of Transnistria.

 Monaco – Principality of Monaco AACUN member state AACNone
 Montenegro AACUN member state AACNone
Nagorno-Karabakh → Artsakh ZZA ZZA
 Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] The Kingdom of the Netherlands includes four areas with substantial autonomy:

The continental part of the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten form the four constituent countries of the Kingdom. Three other overseas territories (Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius) are special municipalities of the continental Netherlands.[lower-alpha 32] The Kingdom of the Netherlands as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law applies only to parts within Europe.

 North Macedonia – Republic of North Macedonia[lower-alpha 33] AACUN member state AACNone
Northern Cyprus → Northern Cyprus ZZA ZZA
 Norway – Kingdom of Norway AACUN member state AACNone

Norway has two unincorporated areas in Europe:

  •  Svalbard is an integral part of Norway, but has a special status due to the Svalbard Treaty.
  •  Jan Mayen is an uninhabited island that is an integral part of Norway, although unincorporated.

Norway has one dependent territory and two claimed Antarctic dependent territories in the Southern Hemisphere:

 Poland – Republic of Poland AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Portugal – Portuguese Republic AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] Portugal contains two autonomous regions, the Azores and Madeira.[lower-alpha 12]

Pridnestrovie → Transnistria ZZA ZZA
 Romania AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Russia – Russian Federation AACUN member state AACNone

Russia is a federation of 85 federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast). Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.[lower-alpha 12]

 San Marino – Republic of San Marino AACUN member state AACNone
 Serbia – Republic of Serbia AACUN member state AACNone

Serbia contains two autonomous regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo and Metohija.[lower-alpha 12] The latter is under the de facto control of Kosovo.

 Slovakia – Slovak Republic AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

 Slovenia – Republic of Slovenia AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

South Ossetia → South Ossetia ZZA ZZA
 Spain – Kingdom of Spain AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3] Spain is divided into 17 autonomous communities and two special autonomous cities.[lower-alpha 12][lower-alpha 34]

 Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden AACUN member state AACNone

Member of the EU.[lower-alpha 3]

  Switzerland – Swiss Confederation AACUN member state AACNone

Switzerland is a federation of 26 cantons.

Transnistria → Transnistria ZZA ZZA
 Turkey – Republic of Turkey AACUN member state AACNone
 Ukraine AACUN member state AACNone

Ukraine contains one autonomous region, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea,[lower-alpha 12] however it is under the de facto control of Russia.

 United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland AACUN member state AACNone

Former EU member in transition.[lower-alpha 35] The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realm[lower-alpha 36] consisting of four constituent countries; England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The United Kingdom has the following 13 overseas territories and one claimed Antarctic dependent territory:

The British monarch also has direct sovereignty over three self-governing Crown dependencies:

  Vatican City – Vatican City State UN observer state under the designation of "Holy See"; member of three UN specialized agencies and the IAEA AACNone

Administered by the Holy See, a sovereign entity with diplomatic relations to 183 states. This figure consists of 180 UN member states, the Cook Islands, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and the State of Palestine.[66] In addition, the European Union and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintain diplomatic relations with the Holy See. The Holy See is a member of the IAEA, ITU, UPU, and WIPO and a permanent observer of the UN (in the category of "Non-member State")[40] and multiple other UN System organizations. The Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, who is the Bishop of the Diocese of Rome and ex officio sovereign of Vatican City.

ZZBUN member states and observer states ZZB ZZB
ZZC ZZC ZZC
ZZD↓ Other states ↓ ZZD ZZD
 Abkhazia – Republic of Abkhazia ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

Recognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Syria, Venezuela, Artsakh, South Ossetia and Transnistria.[42] Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia.

 Artsakh – Republic of Artsakh[lower-alpha 37] ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

A de facto independent state,[9][67][68] recognised only by Abkhazia,[45] South Ossetia[45] and Transnistria.[45][46] Claimed in whole by Azerbaijan.[69]

 Kosovo – Republic of Kosovo ZZEMember of two UN specialized agencies ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

Pursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, Kosovo was placed under the administration of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 1999.[70] Kosovo declared independence in 2008, and it has received diplomatic recognition from 113 UN member states and the Republic of China, while 18 states have recognized Kosovo only to later withdraw their recognition.[71] Serbia continues to maintain its sovereignty claim over Kosovo. Other UN member states and non UN member states continue to recognise Serbian sovereignty or have taken no position on the question. Kosovo is a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group. The Republic of Kosovo has de facto control over most of the territory, with limited control in North Kosovo.

 Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

Recognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[72]

 South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia–the State of Alania ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

A de facto independent state,[73] recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Syria, Venezuela, Abkhazia, Artsakh and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.[50]

 Transnistria – Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic ZZENo membership ZZEB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina

A de facto independent state,[9] recognised only by Abkhazia, Artsakh and South Ossetia.[42] Claimed in whole by Moldova as the Transnistria autonomous territorial unit.[74]

ZZF↑ Other states ↑ ZZF ZZF
ZZG ZZG ZZG
ZZHDependent Territories ZZH ZZH
 Akrotiri and Dhekelia – The Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
Bailiwick of Guernsey → Guernsey, Bailiwick of ZZJ ZZJ
Bailiwick of Jersey → Jersey ZZJ ZZJ
 Faroe Islands ZZIDanish Autonomous Territory ZZINone
 Gibraltar ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Greenland ZZIDanish Autonomous Territory ZZINone
 Guernsey, Bailiwick of ZZIBritish Crown Dependency ZZINone
 Isle of Man ZZIBritish Crown Dependency ZZINone
 Jan Mayen ZZINorwegian Territory ZZINone
 Jersey – Bailiwick of Jersey ZZIBritish Crown Dependency ZZINone
 Svalbard ZZINorwegian Territory ZZINone
 Åland – Åland Islands ZZIFinnish Autonomous Region ZZINone
ZZK↑ Dependent Territories ↑ ZZK ZZK
ZZL ZZL ZZL

North America

For a table of sovereign states and dependent territories in North America with geographical data such as area, population, and population density, see North America: countries and territories.

Geologically, North America is joined with South America by the Isthmus of Panama to form the Americas.

Common and formal names Membership within the UN System[lower-alpha 38] Sovereignty dispute[lower-alpha 39] Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[lower-alpha 40]
AAA AAA AAA
AABUN member states and observer states AAB AAB
 Antigua and Barbuda AACUN member state AACNone

Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realm[lower-alpha 36] with one autonomous region, Barbuda.[lower-alpha 12]

 Bahamas, The – Commonwealth of The Bahamas[76] AACUN member state AACNone

The Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

 Barbados AACUN member state AACNone

Barbados is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

 Belize AACUN member state AACNone

Belize is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

 Canada[lower-alpha 41] AACUN member state AACNone

Canada is a Commonwealth realm[lower-alpha 36] and a federation of 10 provinces and three territories.

 Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica AACUN member state AACNone
 Cuba – Republic of Cuba AACUN member state AACNone
 Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica AACUN member state AACNone
 Dominican Republic AACUN member state AACNone
 El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador AACUN member state AACNone
 Grenada AACUN member state AACNone

Grenada is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

 Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala AACUN member state AACNone
 Haiti – Republic of Haiti AACUN member state AACNone
 Honduras – Republic of Honduras AACUN member state AACNone
 Jamaica AACUN member state AACNone
 Mexico – United Mexican States AACUN member state AACNone

Mexico is a federation of 31 states and one autonomous city. The Rebel Zapatista Autonomous Municipalities have de facto autonomy.

 Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua AACUN member state AACNone

Nicaragua contains two autonomous regions, Atlántico Sur and Atlántico Norte.[lower-alpha 12]

 Panama – Republic of Panama AACUN member state AACNone
 Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis AACUN member state AACNone

Saint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth realm[lower-alpha 36] and is a federation[lower-alpha 6] of two islands, St. Kitts and Nevis.

 Saint Lucia AACUN member state AACNone

Saint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines AACUN member state AACNone

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

The Bahamas → Bahamas, The ZZA ZZA
 Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago AACUN member state AACNone

Trinidad and Tobago contains one autonomous region, Tobago.[lower-alpha 12]

 United States – United States of America AACUN member state AACNone

The United States is a federation of 50 states, one federal district, and one incorporated territory. Additionally, the Federal government of the United States has sovereignty over 13 unincorporated territories. Of these territories, the following five are inhabited possessions:

It also has sovereignty over several uninhabited territories:

It also disputes sovereignty over the following two territories:

Three sovereign states have become associated states of the United States under the Compact of Free Association:

ZZBUN member states and observer states ZZB ZZB
ZZC ZZC ZZC
ZZHDependent Territories ZZH ZZH
 Anguilla ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Aruba ZZIDutch Constituent Country ZZINone
 Bermuda – Bermuda Islands ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Bonaire ZZIDutch Special Municipality ZZINone
 British Virgin Islands – Virgin Islands ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Cayman Islands ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Clipperton Island ZZIFrench State's Private Property ZZINone
Commonwealth of Puerto Rico → Puerto Rico ZZJ ZZJ
 Curaçao – Country of Curaçao ZZIDutch Constituent Country ZZINone
 Greenland ZZIDanish Autonomous Territory ZZINone
 Guadeloupe ZZIFrench Overseas Department and Region ZZINone
 Martinique ZZIFrench Overseas Department and Region ZZINone
 Montserrat ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Navassa Island ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Puerto Rico – Commonwealth of Puerto Rico ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Saba ZZIDutch Special Municipality ZZINone
 Saint Barthélemy – Collectivity of Saint Barthélemy ZZIFrench Overseas Collectivity ZZINone
 Saint Martin – Collectivity of Saint Martin ZZIFrench Overseas Collectivity ZZINone
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon – Overseas Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon ZZIFrench Overseas Collectivity ZZINone
 Sint Eustatius ZZIDutch Special Municipality ZZINone
 Sint Maarten ZZIDutch Constituent Country ZZINone
 Turks and Caicos Islands ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 United States Virgin Islands – Virgin Islands of the United States ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
Virgin Islands → British Virgin Islands ZZJ ZZJ
Virgin Islands of the United States → United States Virgin Islands ZZJ ZZJ
ZZK↑ Dependent Territories ↑ ZZK ZZK
ZZL ZZL ZZL

Oceania

For a table of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania with geographical data such as area, population, and population density, see Oceania: territories and regions.

Common and formal names Membership within the UN System[lower-alpha 42] Sovereignty dispute[lower-alpha 43] Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[lower-alpha 44]
AAA AAA AAA
AABUN member states and observer states AAB AAB
 Australia – Commonwealth of Australia AACUN member state AACNone

Australia is a Commonwealth realm[lower-alpha 36] and a federation of both states and territories. There are six states, three internal territories, six external territories and one claimed Antarctic external territory. The external territories of Australia are:

Cook Islands → Cook Islands ZZA ZZA
 East Timor – Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste[lower-alpha 45] AACUN member state AACNone
 Fiji – Republic of Fiji AACUN member state AACNone

Fiji contains one autonomous region, Rotuma.[lower-alpha 12][77][78]

 Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia AACUN member state AACNone

Indonesia has five autonomous provinces, Aceh, Jakarta, Papua, West Papua, and Yogyakarta.[lower-alpha 12]

 Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati AACUN member state AACNone
 Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands AACUN member state AACNone

Under Compact of Free Association with the United States.

 Micronesia – Federated States of Micronesia AACUN member state AACNone

Under Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Federated States of Micronesia is a federation of four states.

 Nauru – Republic of Nauru AACUN member state AACNone
 New Zealand AACUN member state AACNone

New Zealand is a Commonwealth realm,[lower-alpha 36] and has one dependent territory and one claimed Antarctic dependent territory of:

The Realm of New Zealand has responsibilities for (but no rights of control over) two freely associated states:

The Cook Islands and Niue have diplomatic relations with 49 and 18 UN members respectively.[79][80][81] They have full treaty-making capacity in the UN,[82] and are members of some UN specialized agencies.

Niue → Niue ZZA ZZA
 Palau – Republic of Palau AACUN member state AACNone

Under Compact of Free Association with the United States.

 Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea AACUN member state AACNone

Papua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realm[lower-alpha 36] with one autonomous region, Bougainville.[lower-alpha 12]

 Samoa – Independent State of Samoa AACUN member state AACNone
 Solomon Islands AACUN member state AACNone

The Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

 Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga AACUN member state AACNone
 Tuvalu AACUN member state AACNone

Tuvalu is a Commonwealth realm.[lower-alpha 36]

 Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu AACUN member state AACNone
ZZBUN member states and observer states ZZB ZZB
ZZC ZZC ZZC
ZZD↓ Other states ↓ ZZD ZZD
 Cook Islands ZZEMember of eight UN specialized agencies ZZENone
(See political status)

A state in free association with New Zealand, the Cook Islands maintains diplomatic relations with 52 states. The Cook Islands is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity.[82] It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship.

 Niue ZZEMember of five UN specialized agencies ZZENone
(See political status)

A state in free association with New Zealand, Niue maintains diplomatic relations with 20 states. Niue is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity.[82] It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship.

ZZF↑ Other states ↑ ZZF ZZF
ZZG ZZG ZZG
ZZHDependent Territories ZZH ZZH
 American Samoa – Territory of American Samoa ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Ashmore and Cartier Islands – Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 Baker Island ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Christmas Island – Territory of Christmas Island ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 Clipperton Island ZZIFrench State's Private Property ZZINone
 Cocos (Keeling) Islands – Territory of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands → Northern Mariana Islands ZZJ ZZJ
 Coral Sea Islands – Coral Sea Islands Territory ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 French Polynesia – Overseas Lands of French Polynesia ZZIFrench Overseas Collectivity ZZINone
 French Southern and Antarctic Lands ZZIFrench Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Guam – Territory of Guam ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Heard Island and McDonald Islands – Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 Howland Island ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Jarvis Island ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Johnston Atoll ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Kingman Reef ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Midway Atoll ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 New Caledonia – Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies ZZIFrench Sui Generis Collectivity ZZINone
 Norfolk Island – Territory of Norfolk Island ZZIAustralian External Territory ZZINone
 Northern Mariana Islands – Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Palmyra Atoll ZZIUS Insular Area[83][84] ZZINone
 Pitcairn Islands – Pitcairn Group of Islands ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 Tokelau ZZINew Zealand Dependent Territory ZZINone
 Wake Island ZZIUS Insular Area ZZINone
 Wallis and Futuna – Territory of the Wallis and Futuna Islands ZZIFrench Overseas Collectivity ZZINone
ZZK↑ Dependent Territories ↑ ZZK ZZK
ZZL ZZL ZZL

South America

For a table of sovereign states and dependent territories in South America with geographical data such as area, population, and population density, see South America: demographics.

Geologically, South America is joined with North America by the Isthmus of Panama to form the Americas.

Common and formal names Membership within the UN System[lower-alpha 46] Sovereignty dispute[lower-alpha 47] Further information on status and recognition of sovereignty[lower-alpha 48]
AAA AAA AAA
AABUN member states and observer states AAB AAB
 Argentina – Argentine Republic[lower-alpha 49] AACUN member state AACNone

Argentina is a federation of 23 provinces and one autonomous city.[lower-alpha 50]

 Bolivia – Plurinational State of Bolivia AACUN member state AACNone
 Brazil – Federative Republic of Brazil AACUN member state AACNone

Brazil is a federation of 26 states and one federal district.

 Chile – Republic of Chile AACUN member state AACNone

[lower-alpha 51]

 Colombia – Republic of Colombia AACUN member state AACNone
 Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador AACUN member state AACNone
 Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana AACUN member state AACNone
 Panama – Republic of Panama AACUN member state AACNone
 Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay AACUN member state AACNone
 Peru – Republic of Peru AACUN member state AACNone
 Suriname – Republic of Suriname AACUN member state AACNone
 Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago AACUN member state AACNone

Trinidad and Tobago contains one autonomous region, Tobago.[lower-alpha 12]

 Uruguay – Oriental Republic of Uruguay AACUN member state AACNone
 Venezuela – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela AACUN member state AACNone

Venezuela is a federation of 23 states, one capital district, and federal dependencies.

ZZBUN member states and observer states ZZB ZZB
ZZC ZZC ZZC
ZZHDependent Territories ZZH ZZH
 Aruba ZZIDutch Constituent Country ZZINone
 Bonaire ZZIDutch Special Municipality ZZINone
 Bouvet Island ZZINorwegian Dependent Territory ZZINone
 Curaçao – Country of Curaçao ZZIDutch Constituent Country ZZINone
 Falklands – Falkland Islands ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZIB Claimed by Georgia Claimed by North Korea Claimed by Serbia Claimed by Somalia Claimed by the People's Republic of China Claimed by the Republic of China Claimed by South Korea Claimed by Azerbaijan Claimed by the Republic of Cyprus Disputed by Israel Claimed by Mauritius Claimed by Morocco Claimed by Moldova Claimed by Mali Claimed by Spain Claimed by Argentina
 French Guiana – Guiana ZZIFrench Overseas Department and Region ZZINone
 Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ZZIBritish Overseas Territory ZZINone
ZZK↑ Dependent Territories ↑ ZZK ZZK
ZZL ZZL ZZL

Antarctica

Antarctica is regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System, which defines it as all land and ice shelves south of 60°S, and has no government and belongs to no country. However, the following territorial claims in Antarctica have been made:

Russia and the United States have reserved the right to claim territory on Antarctica.

Subantarctic islands

Unlike Antarctica itself, other nearby Subantarctic island territories most commonly associated with the Antarctic continent, but lying north of 60°S, have had full sovereignty established over them by a governing state.

The following dependent territories are situated within in the wider Antarctic region, but are not directly part of the Antarctic Treaty System:

Flag Name Status Region Capital
Bouvet Island Dependency of Norway Atlantic Ocean
French Southern and Antarctic Lands Overseas territory of France Indian Ocean Alfred Faure (Crozet Islands)
Port-aux-Français (Kerguelen Islands)
Martin-de-Viviès (Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands)
Heard Island and McDonald Islands External territory of Australia Indian Ocean
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands British overseas territory Atlantic Ocean King Edward Point

In addition to the dependent territories listed above, the following islands are governed as a direct part of a controlling state. Thus they are fully and legally integrated within the governance structure of the respective state. They are similarly also not part of the Antarctic Treaty System.

Administering Country Name Status Region Subdivisions
 Australia Macquarie Island Part of the State of Tasmania. Oceania
 New Zealand New Zealand Subantarctic Islands Governed directly, not within local municipal structure. Oceania The Antipodes Islands, the Auckland Islands, the Bounty Islands, the Campbell Islands, and the Snares Islands.
 South Africa Prince Edward Islands Part of the City of Cape Town. Africa Prince Edward Island and Marion Island.

See also

Notes

  1. This column indicates whether or not a state is a member of the United Nations.[3] It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
  2. This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed.
  3. The member states of the European Union have transferred part of their sovereignty in the form of legislative, executive, and judicial powers to the institutions of the EU, which is an example of supranational union. The EU has 27 member states.[56]
  4. Information is included on:
  5. The government of Cape Verde declared "Cabo Verde" to be the official English name of the country in 2013.[4]
  6. More information on more or less federal structures can be found at a List of federations.[5]
  7. Also known as Congo-Kinshasa. Formerly referred to as Zaire, its official name from 1971 to 1997.
  8. Also known as Congo-Brazzaville.
  9. Formerly referred to as the Kingdom of Swaziland, its official name until 2018.
  10. Also known as Guinea-Conakry.
  11. The government of Ivory Coast uses "Côte d'Ivoire" as the official English name of the country.
  12. For more information on divisions with a high degree of autonomy, see the List of autonomous areas by country.[75]
  13. This column indicates whether or not a state is a member of the United Nations.[3] It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
  14. This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed.
  15. Information is included on:
  16. The People's Republic of China (PRC) is commonly referred to as "China", while the Republic of China (ROC) is commonly referred to as "Taiwan". The ROC is also occasionally known diplomatically as Chinese Taipei, or by another alternative name.
  17. In 1949, the Republic of China government led by the Kuomintang (KMT) lost the Chinese Civil War to the Communist Party of China (CPC) and set up a provisional capital in Taipei. The CPC established the PRC. As such, the political status of the ROC and legal status of Taiwan (alongside the territories under ROC jurisdiction) are in dispute. In 1971, the United Nations gave the China seat to the PRC. In the view of the United Nations, no member of the organisation withdrew as a consequence of this but the ROC representatives declared that they were withdrawing. Most states recognise the PRC to be the sole legitimate representative of all China, and the UN classifies Taiwan as "Taiwan, Province of China". The ROC has de facto relations with most sovereign states. A significant political movement within Taiwan advocates Taiwan independence.
  18. See also Dates of establishment of diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China and Foreign relations of China.
  19. The government of East Timor uses "Timor-Leste" as the official English name of the country.
  20. The country's official name of Myanmar, adopted in 1989, has been mixed and controversial, with the former name Burma still being used in many cases. See Names of Myanmar.
  21. Formerly known as Ceylon until 1972.
  22. Formerly known as the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, its official name from 1991 to 2017
  23. This column indicates whether or not a state is a member of the United Nations.[3] It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
  24. This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed.
  25. Information is included on:
  26. A simpler official short name has been encouraged by the Czech government, "Czechia". This variant remains uncommon, but has been adopted by several companies and organisations. See Name of the Czech Republic.
  27. The designation "Denmark" can refer either to continental Denmark or to the short name for the entire Kingdom (e.g. in international organizations).
  28. Åland was demilitarised by the Treaty of Paris in 1856, which was later affirmed by the League of Nations in 1921, and in a somewhat different context reaffirmed in the treaty on Finland's admission to the European Union in 1995.
  29. France's claimed Antarctic territory of Adélie Land (Terre Adélie) is one of five constiuent districts of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.
  30. While sometimes referred to as the "Republic of Iceland"[62][63] and sometimes its counterpart Lýðveldið Ísland in Icelandic, the official name of the country is simply "Iceland".[64] One example of the former is the name of the Constitution of Iceland, which in Icelandic is Stjórnarskrá lýðveldisins Íslands and literally means "the Constitution of the republic of Iceland". However, note that in this usage "republic" is not capitalised.
  31. "Ireland" is the official name of the country in English. "Republic of Ireland" (the official description in English) and "Éire" (the official name in Irish) have sometimes been used unofficially to distinguish the state from the larger island of Ireland, however, this is officially deprecated.[65] See names of the Irish state.
  32. The designation "Netherlands" can refer either to the continental Netherlands or to the short name for the entire Kingdom (e.g. in international organizations).
  33. Formerly known constitutionally as the Republic of Macedonia from 1991 to 2019 and under the international designation of "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" (FYROM) from 1993 to 2019 due to the Macedonia naming dispute with Greece. Following the Prespa agreement going into effect in February 2019, the country was renamed to North Macedonia.
  34. Spain holds several small overseas territories scattered along the Mediterranean coast bordering Morocco, known as the Plazas de soberanía.
  35. The UK formally withdrew from the European Union on 31 January 2020. The state is currently in a provisional transition period out of the supranational union till 31 December 2020, see Brexit, Post-Brexit relations.
  36. Commonwealth realms are members of the Commonwealth of Nations in which the head of state is Queen Elizabeth II. The realms are sovereign states; see Relationship of the realms.
  37. Formerly known as the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, its official name from 1991 to 2017
  38. This column indicates whether or not a state is a member of the United Nations.[3] It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
  39. This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed.
  40. Information is included on:
  41. The legal name for Canada is the sole word; an officially sanctioned, though disused, name is Dominion of Canada (which includes its legal title); see: Name of Canada, Dominion.
  42. This column indicates whether or not a state is a member of the United Nations.[3] It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
  43. This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed.
  44. Information is included on:
  45. The government of East Timor uses "Timor-Leste" as the official English name of the country.
  46. This column indicates whether or not a state is a member of the United Nations.[3] It also indicates which non-member states participate in the United Nations System through membership in the International Atomic Energy Agency or one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. All United Nations members belong to at least one specialized agency and are parties to the statute of the International Court of Justice.
  47. This column indicates whether or not a state is the subject of a major sovereignty dispute. Only states whose entire sovereignty is disputed by another state are listed.
  48. Information is included on:
  49. The Argentine Constitution (Art. 35) recognises the following denominations for Argentina: "United Provinces of the Río de la Plata", "Argentine Republic" and "Argentine Confederation"; furthermore, it establishes the usage of "Argentine Nation" for purposes of legislation.
  50. Argentina's claimed Antarctic territory of Argentine Antarctica (Antártida Argentina) is one of five constituent departments of the province Tierra del Fuego.[85]
  51. Chile's claimed Antarctic territory of the Chilean Antarctic (Antártica Chilena) is a commune of the Antártica Chilena Province of the Magallanes Region.

References

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