Buchanan County, Iowa

Buchanan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,958.[1] Its county seat is Independence.[2] The county was created in 1837 and was named in honor of Senator James Buchanan, the 15th President of the United States.

Buchanan County
U.S. county
Location within the U.S. state of Iowa
Iowa's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 42°28′19″N 91°50′21″W
Country United States
State Iowa
Founded1837
Named forJames Buchanan
SeatIndependence
Largest cityIndependence
Area
 • Total573 sq mi (1,480 km2)
 • Land571 sq mi (1,480 km2)
 • Water2.1 sq mi (5 km2)  0.4%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total20,958
 • Estimate 
(2018)
21,199
 • Density37/sq mi (14/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district1st
Websitewww.buchanancountyiowa.org
Wapsipinicon River Bridge

History

Buchanan County was formed on December 21, 1837 from parts of Dubuque County. It was named after US Senator James Buchanan, who would later go on to be President of the United States.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 573 square miles (1,480 km2), of which 571 square miles (1,480 km2) is land and 2.1 square miles (5.4 km2) (0.4%) is water.[3]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1850517—
18607,9061,429.2%
187017,034115.5%
188018,5468.9%
189018,9972.4%
190021,42712.8%
191019,748−7.8%
192019,8900.7%
193019,550−1.7%
194020,9917.4%
195021,9274.5%
196022,2931.7%
197021,746−2.5%
198022,9005.3%
199020,844−9.0%
200021,0931.2%
201020,958−0.6%
2018 (est.)21,199[4]1.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[5]
1790-1960[6] 1900-1990[7]
1990-2000[8] 2010-2018[1]

2010 census

The 2010 census recorded a population of 20,958 in the county, with a population density of 36.70/sq mi (14.172/km2). There were 8,968 housing units, of which 8,161 were occupied.[9]

2000 census
2000 Census Age Pyramid for Buchanan County

As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 21,093 people, 7,933 households, and 5,672 families residing in the county. The population density was 37 people per square mile (14/km2). There were 8,697 housing units at an average density of 15 per square mile (6/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 98.41% White, 0.27% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 0.54% from two or more races. 0.62% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 7,933 households, out of which 34.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.70% were married couples living together, 7.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.50% were non-families. 24.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 28.60% under the age of 18, 8.10% from 18 to 24, 26.30% from 25 to 44, 22.50% from 45 to 64, and 14.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 98.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $38,036, and the median income for a family was $45,421. Males had a median income of $30,212 versus $22,356 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,405. About 6.80% of families and 9.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.90% of those under age 18 and 7.60% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

Cities

Unincorporated communities
This detail of Galbraith's 1897 Rail Service Map of Iowa shows Buchanan County towns of the time. It is a pictorial map rather than a technical map: Shady Grove, for example, is shown next to a man lying under a tree; Masonville is shown next to a Masonic symbol. Some of the towns' locations are slightly altered to make room for the illustrations. Several of these towns, including Hamerville, Vista, Kier, Middlefield, Newtonville, and Castleville no longer exist. A few are nearly ghost towns.

A number of historic communities in Buchanan County once appeared on state maps, but no longer exist. Hamerville was located east of Brandon at the intersection of Highway 150. Today, the site is the location of three farmhouses. Vista, once located between Brandon and Independence, appeared on maps frequently until the 1950s. This site is not even accessed by paved road. Kier, between Fairbank and Littleton, appeared on many maps in the 19th century and early 20th century. The area is now settled by Amish. Several towns named Middlefield existed southeast of Winthrop, but none are populated today. Newtonville was located a few miles south of Monti. The houses at Castleville were later moved to Aurora. Wise, once located between Independence and Jesup just north of Highway 939, was a train-stop between the 1920s and the 1950s. Little remains at the site. Kiene was founded in 1911 between Quasqueton and Monti, but was empty by 1955. Few or even no houses remain at any of these sites.

Townships

Buchanan County is divided into sixteen townships:

Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2010 census of Buchanan County.[11]

† county seat

Rank City/Town/etc. Municipal type Population (2010 Census)
1 † Independence City 5,966
2 Jesup (partially in Black Hawk County) City 2,520
3 Fairbank (partially in Fayette County) City 1,113
4 Winthrop City 850
5 Hazleton City 823
6 Quasqueton City 554
7 Lamont City 461
8 Brandon City 309
9 Rowley City 264
10 Aurora City 185
11 Stanley (partially in Fayette County) City 125

Amish community

Buchanan County is home to the Hazleton Old Order Amish settlement, founded in 1914, that in 1987 had to six church districts (congregations) with an estimated population of about 1,200 Amish. The Buchanan Amish affiliation is named after Buchanan County.[12]

Politics
Presidential Elections Results
Presidential Elections Results[13]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2020 59.6% 6,420 38.7% 4,169 1.7% 185
2016 53.8% 5,510 38.7% 3,970 7.5% 772
2012 42.2% 4,450 56.1% 5,911 1.7% 174
2008 40.0% 4,139 58.5% 6,050 1.5% 153
2004 45.8% 4,797 53.5% 5,608 0.7% 70
2000 43.5% 4,092 53.6% 5,045 2.9% 273
1996 34.0% 3,043 55.8% 4,997 10.2% 911
1992 34.3% 3,313 43.2% 4,166 22.5% 2,175
1988 42.0% 3,495 57.4% 4,778 0.6% 48
1984 54.3% 4,965 45.1% 4,129 0.6% 58
1980 53.5% 5,041 38.3% 3,605 8.2% 776
1976 52.0% 4,794 46.2% 4,258 1.9% 171
1972 58.3% 5,277 39.9% 3,609 1.8% 162
1968 52.4% 4,541 42.3% 3,670 5.3% 463
1964 36.1% 3,187 63.7% 5,621 0.2% 15
1960 54.9% 5,179 45.1% 4,251 0.0% 3
1956 61.0% 5,512 38.9% 3,513 0.1% 10
1952 67.8% 6,431 31.8% 3,019 0.4% 34
1948 50.6% 4,310 48.4% 4,127 1.0% 86
1944 54.7% 4,653 45.2% 3,841 0.2% 14
1940 54.6% 5,630 45.1% 4,649 0.3% 30
1936 47.9% 4,734 50.8% 5,025 1.4% 135
1932 46.3% 4,401 52.7% 5,004 1.0% 95
1928 65.4% 5,885 34.4% 3,099 0.2% 20
1924 63.1% 5,459 20.6% 1,780 16.3% 1,412
1920 79.2% 6,334 20.0% 1,600 0.8% 63
1916 61.8% 3,000 37.2% 1,808 1.0% 47
1912 26.9% 1,271 39.5% 1,866 33.5% 1,582
1908 55.8% 2,552 41.3% 1,889 3.0% 136
1904 60.9% 2,798 33.7% 1,545 5.4% 249
1900 57.0% 2,958 39.5% 2,053 3.5% 183
1896 55.3% 2,865 43.1% 2,233 1.6% 83

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 7, 2011. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
  4. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 20, 2019.
  5. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  6. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  7. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  8. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 13, 2014.
  9. "Population and Housing Occupancy Status: 2010 - State -- County". United States Census Bureau American FactFinder. Archived from the original on September 29, 2015. Retrieved March 8, 2011.
  10. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  11. "Archived copy". Retrieved May 25, 2015.
  12. Hazleton Old Order Amish Settlement (Hazleton, Iowa, USA) at Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online
  13. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-04-25.

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