Visa requirements for Singaporean citizens

Visa requirements for Singaporean citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states which are imposed on citizens of Singapore.

A Singaporean passport

As of 7 January 2020, Singaporean citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 190 countries and territories, ranking the Singaporean passport 2nd in terms of number of countries a passport holder can visit without pre-arrival visa arrangements according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

In addition to having visa-free access to all ASEAN nations, the Singaporean passport is one of the four passports (the others being those of Brunei, Japan, and San Marino) that is allowed either visa-free entry, or entry via an electronic travel authorisation, to the world's four largest economies:

  • the People's Republic of China (visa-free, 15 days)
  • India (e-Visa, 60 days)
  • the European Union (visa-free, 90 days within 180 days), and
  • the United States (ESTA required for arrivals by air and sea, 90 days).

Changes

Visa requirements for Singaporean citizens were recently lifted by Djibouti (21 January 2018),[2] Uzbekistan (10 February 2018),[3] Armenia (21 March 2018),[4] Angola (30 March 2018),[5] and Guinea (20 November 2018).[6]

In August 2017, Singaporean citizens were made eligible for electronic visas with a validity of 8 days for the Primorye, Kamchatka, and Sakhalin regions of the Russian Far East, for tourism, business and humanitarian purposes.[7] In January 2018, Australia introduced a new 6-year visa for Singaporean citizens. The visitor (subclass 600) visa will allow Singaporean citizens to visit Australia for up to three months at a time within a 6-year period on a single application, up from 12 months under the pre-existing Electronic Travel Authority (ETA).[8][9] In September 2019, Saudi Arabia made Singaporean citizens eligible for either an e-Visa or a visa on arrival as part of its plans to diversify its economy by developing its tourist industry.[10]

Visa requirements map
Visa requirements for Singaporean citizens
  Singapore
  Visa not required / ESTA
  Visa obtainable on arrival
  Electronic Authorisation or eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required

Visa requirements

Visa requirements for holders of normal passports travelling for tourist purposes:

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees) Reciprocity
 Afghanistan Visa required[32] √
 Albania Visa not required[33] 90 days
  • May enter with a National ID card[34]
 √
 Algeria Visa required[35] √
 Andorra Visa not required[36] √
 Angola Visa not required[37] 30 days
  • For a maximum total stay of 90 days within year period.[38]
 √
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[39] 1 month √
 Argentina Visa not required[40] 90 days √
 Armenia Visa not required[41] 180 days X
 Australia Electronic Travel Authority[42] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted.
  • May enter using SmartGate on arrival in Australia.[43]
 X
 Austria Visa not required[44] 90 days √
 Azerbaijan eVisa / Visa on arrival[45] 30 days X
 Bahamas Visa not required[49] 3 months √
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[50] 14 days
  • May also be obtained online in the form of an E-Visa.
 X
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[51] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[52]
 X
 Barbados Visa not required[53] 6 months √
 Belarus Visa not required[54] 30 days X
 Belgium Visa not required[55] 90 days √
 Belize Visa not required[56] √
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[57][58] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
 X
 Bhutan Visa required[59] X
 Bolivia Visa on arrival[60] 90 days
  • Fee is US$52.
 X
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[61] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
 √
 Botswana Visa not required[62] 90 days
  • 90 days within any year period
 √
 Brazil Visa not required[63] 30 days √
 Brunei Visa not required[64] 30 days √
 Bulgaria Visa not required[65] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 √
 Burkina Faso Visa not required[66] 30 days √
 Burundi Visa required[67] X
 Cambodia Visa not required[68] 30 days √
 Cameroon Visa required[69]
  • Holders of a pre-arranged approval issued by "Le Delegue General de la Surete" can obtain a visa on arrival.
 X
 Canada Visa not required[70] 6 months
  • eTA required if arriving by air.[71]
 √
 Cape Verde Visa not required[72] 90 days √
 Central African Republic Visa required[73] X
 Chad Visa required[74] X
 Chile Visa not required[75] 30 days √
 China Visa not required[76] 15 days X
 Colombia Visa not required[77] 180 days
  • 90 days – extendable up to 180-day stay within a one-year period
 √
 Comoros Visa on arrival[78] 45 days X
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[79]
  • Except Passengers with VIP invitation.
 X
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[80] X
 Costa Rica Visa not required[81] 90 days √
 Côte d'Ivoire Visa not required[82][83] 90 days √
 Croatia Visa not required[84] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 √
 Cuba Visa not required[85] 30 days √
 Cyprus Visa not required[86] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 √
 Czech Republic Visa not required[87] 90 days √
 Denmark Visa not required[88] 3 months
  • 3 months within the past 6 months, regardless of previous time spent in other Schengen countries, but including time spent in other Nordic countries[89]
 √
 Djibouti Visa not required[2] √
 Dominica Visa not required[90] 6 months √
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[91] 30 days X
 Ecuador Visa not required[92] 90 days[93] √
 Egypt Visa on arrival[94] 30 days
  • Extension possible (needs to be shaded in light green on the map).
 X
 El Salvador Visa not required[95] 3 months √
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[96] X
 Eritrea Visa required[97] X
 Estonia Visa not required[98] 90 days √
 Eswatini Visa not required[99] 30 days[93] √
 Ethiopia eVisa[100] up to 90 days X
 Fiji Visa not required[101] 4 months √
 Finland Visa not required[102] 90 days √
 France Visa not required[103] 90 days √
 Gabon eVisa[104]
  • Passengers arriving at Libreville International Airport do not need a visa if they have filled out the online Electronic Authorization Form.[105] Approval process takes up to 72 hours following submission of the visa waiver request.
 X
 Gambia Visa not required[106] 90 days √
 Georgia Visa not required[107] 1 year X
 Germany Visa not required[108] 90 days √
 Ghana Visa not required[109] √
 Greece Visa not required[110] 90 days √
 Grenada Visa not required[111] 3 months √
 Guatemala Visa not required[112] 90 days √
 Guinea Visa not required[113] 30 days √
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[114] 90 days X
 Guyana Visa required[115]
  • Those travelling as tourists can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 30 days provided holding a letter of invitation from sponsor or host. Otherwise, pre-arrival visa is required.
 X
 Haiti Visa not required[116] 3 months √
 Honduras Visa not required[117] 3 months √
 Hungary Visa not required[118] 90 days √
 Iceland Visa not required[119] 90 days √
 India e-Visa[120] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][121]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa can only be obtained twice in one calendar year.
 √
 Indonesia Visa not required[122] 30 days √
 Iran Visa on arrival[123] 30 days[124][125] X
 Iraq Visa required[126] √
 Ireland Visa not required[127] 3 months √
 Israel Visa not required[128] 3 months √
 Italy Visa not required[129] 90 days √
 Jamaica Visa not required[130] 6 months[131] √
 Japan Visa not required[132] 90 days √
 Jordan Visa on arrival[133]
  • Visa is issued free of charge in most circumstances.[134]
  • Not available at all entry points.[135]
 X
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[136] 30 days X
 Kenya Visa not required[137] 3 months √
 Kiribati Visa not required[138] 30 days √
 North Korea Visa required[139] √
 South Korea Visa not required[140] 90 days √
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[141] 3 months
  • E-Visa is also available online.[142]
 X
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[143] 60 days X
 Laos Visa not required[144] 30 days √
 Latvia Visa not required[145] 90 days √
 Lebanon Free Visa on arrival[146] 1 month
  • 1 month extendable for 2 additional months
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or stamp in the passport, and in possession of phone number & address to be visited in Lebanon, and a non-refundable onward or round trip ticket.
 X
 Lesotho Visa not required[147] 30 days √
 Liberia Visa required[148] X
 Libya Visa required[149] √
 Liechtenstein Visa not required[150] 90 days √
 Lithuania Visa not required[151] 90 days √
 Luxembourg Visa not required[152] 90 days √
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[153] 90 days X
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[154][155] 90 days X
 Malaysia Visa not required[156] 1 month √
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[157] 30 days[93] X
 Mali Visa required[158] √
 Malta Visa not required[159] 90 days √
 Marshall Islands Visa on arrival[160] 90 days X
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[161] X
 Mauritius Visa not required[162] 90 days √
 Mexico Visa not required[163] 180 days √
 Micronesia Visa not required[164] 30 days √
 Moldova Visa not required[165] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 X
 Monaco Visa not required[166] √
 Mongolia Visa not required[167] 30 days √
 Montenegro Visa not required[168] 90 days √
 Morocco Visa not required[169] 30 days X
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[170] 30 days X
 Myanmar Visa not required[172] 30 days √
 Namibia Visa not required[173] 3 months X
 Nauru Visa required[174] X
   Nepal Visa on arrival[175] 90 days X
 Netherlands Visa not required[176] 90 days √
 New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[177] 3 months
  • May enter using eGate.[178]
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[179]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[180] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[179]
 X
 Nicaragua Visa not required[181] 90 days √
 Niger Visa required[182] X
 Nigeria Visa required[183]
  • Holders of written e-visa approval issued by Immigration Authority Headquarters in Abuja, can obtain a visa on arrival.
 √
 North Macedonia Visa not required[184] 90 days √
 Norway Visa not required[185] 3 months
  • 3 months within the past 6 months, regardless of previous time spent in other Schengen countries, but including time spent in other Nordic countries[186][187]
 √
 Oman eVisa[188][189][190] 30 days X
 Pakistan Electronic Travel Authorization[191]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for tourism purposes.[192]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[193]
  • Online Visa eligible.[194]
 X
 Palau Free visa on arrival[195] 30 days
  • A visa is issued free of charge upon arrival at any port of entries.
 X
 Panama Visa not required[196] 180 days √
 Papua New Guinea eVisa / Free visa on arrival[197] 60 days X
 Paraguay Visa not required[198] 30 days √
 Peru Visa not required[199] 183 days √
 Philippines Visa not required[200] 30 days √
 Poland Visa not required[201] 90 days
  • 90 days within a 180 day period, regardless of previous time spent in other Schengen countries (pursuant to the Poland-Singapore bilateral agreement regulating visa-free traffic that was concluded before Poland joined the European Union and the Schengen Area)[202]
 √
 Portugal Visa not required[203] 90 days √
 Qatar Visa not required[204] 30 days √
 Romania Visa not required[205] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 √
 Russia eVisa[206] 16 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive and departure via 29 checkpoints[207]
  • Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa.
 X
 Rwanda Visa not required[208] 90 days √
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[209] 3 months √
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[210] 15 days √
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[211] 1 month √
 Samoa Free Entry permit on arrival[212] 60 days X
 San Marino Visa not required[213] √
 São Tomé and Príncipe eVisa[214]
  • Travelers holding a visa issued by the United States or a Schengen Member State together with a passport valid for a minimum of 3 months from the arrival date may enter visa free for a stay of up to 15 days[215]
 X
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[216][217] 90 days X
 Senegal Visa not required[218] 90 days √
 Serbia Visa not required[219] 90 days
  • 90 days within 6-month period
 √
 Seychelles Free Visitor's permit on arrival[220] 3 months[93]
  • Extendable up to a year with a fee
 X
 Sierra Leone Visa on arrival[221] 30 days X
 Slovakia Visa not required[222] 90 days √
 Slovenia Visa not required[223] 90 days √
 Solomon Islands Free Visitor's permit on arrival[224] 3 months
  • 3 months within any year period
 X
 Somalia Visa on arrival[225]
  • Visa is issued on arrival is available at Bosaso (BSA), Galcaio (GLK) and Mogadishu (MGQ) airports for a maximum stay of 30 days.
 X
 South Africa Visa not required[226] 90 days √
 South Sudan Electronic Visa[227]
  • Obtainable online[228]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[229]
 X
 Spain Visa not required[230] 90 days √
 Sri Lanka Free Visa on Arrival[231]
  • Visas are issued on arrival free of charge with a validity of 30 days
  • Extendible for another 150 days.
 √
 Sudan Visa required[232]
  • Pre-Approved Visa can be obtained on arrival.
 √
 Suriname E-tourist card[233] 90 days
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[234]
 X
 Sweden Visa not required[235] 90 days √
  Switzerland Visa not required[236] 90 days √
 Syria Visa required[237] √
 Tajikistan eVisa / Visa on arrival[238][239] 45 days
  • E-visa holders can enter through all border points.[240]
  • Application form must be completed online to obtain visa on arrival
 √
 Tanzania Visa not required[241] 90 days √
 Thailand Visa not required[242] 30 days
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
 √
 Timor-Leste Visa on arrival[243] 30 days X
 Togo Visa on arrival[244] 7 days X
 Tonga Free visa on arrival[245] 31 days X
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[246] √
 Tunisia Visa not required[247] 3 months
  • An exit fee of 30 Tunisian Dinars is required for non-residents exiting Tunisia.[248]
 X
 Turkey Visa not required[249] 3 months √
 Turkmenistan Visa required[250] √
 Tuvalu Visa on arrival[251] 1 month[93] X
 Uganda Visa not required[252] 3 months √
 Ukraine eVisa[253] 30 days √
 United Arab Emirates Free visa on arrival[254]
  • Visa on Arrival is issued free of charge for stays not exceeding 30 Days.
  • Extension is possible for a fee.
 √
 United Kingdom Visa not required[255] 6 months √
 United States Visa Waiver Program[256] 90 days √
 Uruguay Visa not required[258] 3 months √
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[259] 30 days X
 Vanuatu Visa not required[260] 30 days[93] √
  Vatican City Visa not required[261] √
 Venezuela Visa required[262] X
 Vietnam Visa not required[263] 30 days √
 Yemen Visa required[264] √
 Zambia Visa not required[265] 90 days √
 Zimbabwe Visa not required[266] 3 months √

Pre-approved visas pick-up

Pre-approved visas can be picked up on arrival in the following countries instead in embassy or consulate.

Pre-approved
visas pick-up
on arrival		Conditions
 Bhutan[267] For a maximum stay of 15 days if the application was submitted at least 2 and a half months before arrival and if the clearance was obtained.
 Cameroon[268] Must hold approval from the General Delegate of Security.
 Eritrea[269] Must have a sponsor who must submit an application at least 48 hours before arrival.
 Liberia[270] Available only if arriving from a country without a diplomatic mission of Liberia and if a sponsor obtained an approval.
 Nigeria[271] Holders of a visa application who have a Nigerian company taking responsibility for them.
 Sudan[272] Holders of an entry permit issued by the Ministry of Interior.
 Turkmenistan[273] Holders of an invitation letter of the local company that was approved by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Territories and disputed areas

Visa requirements for Singaporean citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognised countries and restricted zones:

Europe
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 Abkhazia Visa required[274]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[275][276]
Brest and Grodno Visa not required Visa-free for 10 days[277]
Crimea Visa required Visa issued by Russia is required.[278]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[279][280]
UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[281] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[282]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[283]
 Guernsey Visa not required[284]
 Isle of Man Visa not required[285]
Jan Mayen Permit required[286] Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[287] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[288]
 Jersey Visa not required[289]
 Kosovo Visa not required 90 days[290][291]
 Artsakh Visa on arrival[292][293] Travellers can obtain the visa on arrival at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs office in Stepanakert upon arrival.[294] Holders of a passport containing an Artsakh visa (expired or valid) or any evidence of travel to Artsakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[295]
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[296]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[297][298]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[299][300]
Africa
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[301]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[302]
 Mayotte Visa not required[303]
 Réunion Visa not required[303]
 Ascension Island eVisa[304][305]
  • 3 months within any year period
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[306]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[307]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[308][309]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[310]
Asia
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 Hong Kong Visa not required[311] 90 days
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[312][313][314][315][316][317]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[318]
Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[319]
 Macao Visa not required[320] 30 days
Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[321]
Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[322]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestine Visa not required[323] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[324]
 Taiwan Visa not required[325] 30 days
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[326][327][328]
Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[329][330][331]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[332]
Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone A official company is able to provide access into the Buffer Zone.
UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[333]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 Anguilla Visa not required[334] 3 months
 Aruba Visa not required[335] 30 days, extendible to 180 days[336]
 Bermuda Visa not required[337] Up to 6 months, decided on arrival
Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required[338] 3 months[339]
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required[340] 30 days, extensions possible
San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[341]
 Cayman Islands Visa not required[342] 6 months
 Curacao Visa not required[343] 3 months
French Guiana Visa not required[344]
French West Indies Visa not required[345] French West Indies refers to Martinique, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin and Saint Barthélemy.
 Greenland Visa not required[282]
Margarita Island Visa required All visitors are fingerprinted.[346]
 Montserrat Visa not required[347] 6 months[348]
 Puerto Rico Electronic Authorization[349]
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon Visa not required[303]
 Sint Maarten Visa not required[350] 3 months[351]
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required[352] 90 days
 U.S. Virgin Islands Electronic Authorization[353]
Oceania
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 American Samoa Electronic authorization[354] 30 days
Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[355]
Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[356]
 Cook Islands Visa not required[357] 31 days
Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[358]
 French Polynesia Visa not required[359]
 Guam Visa not required[360] 45 days
 New Caledonia Visa not required[303]
 Niue Visa not required[361] 30 days
 Northern Mariana Islands Visa not required[362] 45 days
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[363][364][365]
United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[366][367][368][369][370][371][372]
 Wallis and Futuna Visa not required[303]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 Falkland Islands Visa required British Overseas Territory visa is required.[373]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[374][375]
 Antarctica Special permits required Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[376][377][378][379][380][381][382][383][384][385][386][387]

APEC Business Travel Card
  Full members of the scheme
  Transitional members (United States, Canada)

Holders of an APEC Business Travel Card (ABTC) travelling on business do not require a visa to the following countries:[396]

1 – up to 90 days
2 – up to 60 days
3 – up to 59 days

The card must be used in conjunction with a passport and has the following advantages:[397]

  • no need to apply for a visa or entry permit to APEC countries, as the card is treated as such (except by  Canada and  United States)
  • undertake legitimate business in participating economies
  • expedited border crossing in all member economies, including transitional members
  • expedited scheduling of visa interview (United States)

Automated clearance

Singapore citizens are also eligible for automated immigration clearance in selected countries.

Non-visa restrictions

Many countries have entry restrictions on foreigners that go beyond the common requirement of having either a valid visa or a visa exemption. Such restrictions may be health related or impose additional documentation requirements on certain classes of people for diplomatic or political purposes.

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[406] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being available.

Vaccination
An International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis is required to prove that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever
Main article: International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[407]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently.[408]

Passport validity length

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[409] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[410] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[411]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Honduras, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova, and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland and the United Kingdom also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[412] and South Africa.

Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay. Some countries have bilateral agreements with other countries to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[413][414] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[415]

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[416] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning their entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[417]

Israeli stamps
Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[418] Lebanon,[419] Libya,[420] Sudan,[421] Syria,[422] and Yemen[423] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

The Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage claims that having an Israeli stamp does not disqualify someone from visiting Saudi Arabia.[424]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Armenian ethnicity
Main article: Armenia–Azerbaijan relations
Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

Due to a state of war existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the government of Azerbaijan not only bars entry of Armenian citizens, but also all citizens and nationals of any other country who are of Armenian descent, into the Republic of Azerbaijan.[425][426]

Azerbaijan also strictly bans any visit by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[427] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[428] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[429] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Upon request, the authorities of the largely unrecognised Republic of Artsakh may attach their visa and/or stamps to a separate piece of paper in order to avoid detection of travel to their territory.

Biometrics
See also: Countries applying biometrics
A fingerprint scanner at Dulles International Airport collects biometric data on visitors, which can be used for confirming identities.

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[430]

Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[431][432] Argentina,[433] Brunei, Cambodia,[434] China,[435] Ethiopia,[436] Ghana, Guinea,[437] India, Japan,[438][439] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[440] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[441] Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[442] Singapore, South Korea,[443] Taiwan, Thailand,[444] Uganda[445] and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its legislature),[446] [447] [448] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[449]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[450] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[451][452]

See also

References and Notes
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Notes
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