Visa requirements for French citizens

Visa requirements for French citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of France. As of 10 December 2020, French citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 186 countries and territories, ranking the French passport 6th in the world in terms of travel freedom (tied with the passports of Ireland, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Sweden) according to the Henley Passport Index.[1]

Visa requirements map

Visa requirements for French citizens
  France
  Freedom of movement
  Visa not required / ESTA / eTA
  Visa on arrival
  eVisa
  Visa available both on arrival or online
  Visa required prior to arrival

2020 travel restrictions

Countries that have imposed some form of travel restrictions due to the coronavirus pandemic

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries have imposed temporary travel restrictions on French citizens or persons arriving from France.[2]

  •  Hong Kong — visitors from Schengen region must be quarantined for 14 days starting from March 17.[3]
  •  South Korea — all Schengen countries now require a visa to enter South Korea for all purposes including tourism.[4]

Visa requirements

Country Visa requirement Allowed stay Notes (excluding departure fees) Reciprocity
 Afghanistan Visa required[5]
 Albania Visa not required[6] 90 days
 Algeria Visa required[7]
 Andorra Visa not required[8]
 Angola eVisa[9][10] 30 days
  • Visitors who have been granted an online pre-visa or have requested such pre-visa from the consulates of Angola abroad, are then issued with a visa on arrival at the country's border check points.
  • For a maximum total stay of 90 days within a one year period.[11]
  • Besides having printed confirmation that a visa will be issued upon arrival, passengers must: have a return/onward ticket, and have a hotel reservation confirmation.[12]
X
 Antigua and Barbuda Visa not required[13] 3 months
 Argentina Visa not required[14] 90 days
 Armenia Visa not required[15] 180 days X
 Australia eVisitor[16] 90 days
  • 90 days on each visit in 12-month period if granted
 Austria Freedom of movement[17]
 Azerbaijan eVisa[18] 30 days[19] X
 Bahamas Visa not required[20] 3 months
 Bahrain eVisa / Visa on arrival[21] 14 days X
 Bangladesh Visa on arrival[22] 30 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[23]
X
 Barbados Visa not required[24] 3 months
 Belarus Visa not required[25] 30 days X
 Belgium Freedom of movement[26]
 Belize Visa not required[27] X
 Benin eVisa / Visa on arrival[28][29] 30 days / 8 days
  • Must have an international vaccination certificate.
X
 Bhutan Visa required[30]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Bolivia Visa not required[31] 90 days X
 Bosnia and Herzegovina Visa not required[32] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Botswana Visa not required[33] 90 days
  • 90 days within any-year period
X
 Brazil Visa not required[34] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Brunei Visa not required[35] 90 days
 Bulgaria Freedom of movement[36]
 Burkina Faso Visa on arrival[37] 1 month X
 Burundi Visa required[38]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Cambodia eVisa / Visa on arrival[39] 30 days
  • Visa is also obtainable online.[40]
X
 Cameroon Visa required[41]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Canada Visa not required[42] 6 months
 Cape Verde Visa not required[46] 30 days
  • Must register online at least five days prior to arrival.[47]
X
 Central African Republic Visa required[48]
 Chad Visa required[49]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Chile Visa not required[50] 90 days
 China Visa required[51]
 Colombia Visa not required[53] 180 days
  • 90 days - extendable up to 180-day stay within a one-year period
 Comoros Visa on arrival[54] 45 days X
 Republic of the Congo Visa required[55]
  • Visa not required if Passengers with a V.I.P invitation letter.
 Democratic Republic of the Congo Visa required[56]
  • Passenger with a letter (Visa Volant) issued by the Ministry of Interior and Security can obtain a visa on arrival.
 Costa Rica Visa not required[57] 90 days
 Côte d'Ivoire eVisa[58] 3 months
  • eVisa holders must arrive via Port Bouet Airport.
X
 Croatia Freedom of movement[59]
 Cuba Tourist Card required[60] 30 days
 Cyprus Freedom of movement[61]
 Czech Republic Freedom of movement[62]
 Denmark Freedom of movement[63]
 Djibouti eVisa[64] 31 days X
 Dominica Visa not required[65] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
  • ID card valid for visits up to 14 days
 Dominican Republic Visa not required[66] 90 days X
 Ecuador Visa not required[67] 90 days[68] X
 Egypt eVisa / Visa on arrival[69][70] 30 days X
 El Salvador Visa not required[71] 3 months
 Equatorial Guinea Visa required[72]
 Eritrea Visa required[73]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Estonia Freedom of movement[74]
 Eswatini Visa not required[75] 30 days[68] X
 Ethiopia eVisa / Visa on arrival[76] up to 90 days X
 Fiji Visa not required[79] 4 months X
 Finland Freedom of movement[80]
 Gabon eVisa / Visa on arrival[81] 90 days
  • Electronic visa holders must arrive via Libreville International Airport.[82]
X
 Gambia Visa on arrival[83][84]
  • Visa not required if Passengers traveling as tourists on a charter flight.
X
 Georgia Visa not required[85] 1 year
 Germany Freedom of movement[86]
 Ghana Visa required[87]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Greece Freedom of movement[88]
 Grenada Visa not required[89] 3 months
  • Beginning on December 1, 2020, all travellers to Grenada will be required to complete an online application in order to receive a Pure Safe Travel Authorization Certificate to enter Grenada.[90]
 Guatemala Visa not required[91] 90 days
 Guinea eVisa[92] 90 days X
 Guinea-Bissau eVisa / Visa on arrival[93] 90 days X
 Guyana Visa not required[94] 3 months X
 Haiti Visa not required[95] 90 days X
 Honduras Visa not required[96] 3 months
 Hungary Freedom of movement[97]
 Iceland Freedom of movement[98]
 India eVisa[99] 60 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive via 26 designated airports[Note 1] or 3 designated seaports.[Note 2][100]
  • An Indian e-Tourist Visa can only be obtained twice in one calendar year.
X
 Indonesia Visa not required[101] 30 days X
 Iran eVisa / Visa on arrival[102] 30 days[103] X
 Iraq Visa required[104]
 Ireland Freedom of movement[105]
 Israel Visa not required[106] 3 months
 Italy Freedom of movement[107]
 Jamaica Visa not required[108] 30 days X
 Japan Visa not required[109] 90 days
 Jordan Free visa on arrival[110]
  • Conditions apply.[111]
  • Not available at all entry points.[112]
X
 Kazakhstan Visa not required[113] 30 days[114] X
 Kenya eVisa / Visa on arrival[115] 3 months
  • Also visa on arrival (cost:50 USD or 40 €).
X
 Kiribati Visa not required[116] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 North Korea Visa required[117]
 South Korea Visa not required[118] 90 days
 Kuwait eVisa / Visa on arrival[119] 3 months X
 Kyrgyzstan Visa not required[120] 60 days X
 Laos eVisa / Visa on arrival[121][122] 30 days
  • Visa on arrival is available at international airports Luangphabang, Pakse, Savannakhet and Vientiane, and at 4 land borders Friendship Bridge,[Note 3] and at 13 border crossings[Note 4] as well as Tanalaeng train station in Vientiane, which connects to the train station in Nongkai, Thailand.[123] Visa on arrival facility will be gradually phased out at various border crossings starting January 2020.[124]
  • eVisa may be used to enter Laos through the following entry points — Wattay International Airport and the First Thai–Lao Friendship Bridge
  • Entry points Lalai, Lantui, Meuang mom, Pakxan, and Phoudou are open only to visa holders.
  • Visa on arrival is extendable up to 60 days.
X
 Latvia Freedom of movement[125]
 Lebanon Free visa on arrival[126] 1 month
  • Extendable for 2 additional months
  • Granted free of charge at Beirut International Airport or any other port of entry if there is no Israeli visa or seal, holding a telephone number, an address in Lebanon, and a non refundable return or circle trip ticket.
X
 Lesotho Visa not required[127] 14 days X
 Liberia Visa required[128]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Libya Visa required[129]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Liechtenstein Freedom of movement[130]
 Lithuania Freedom of movement[131]
 Luxembourg Freedom of movement[132]
 Madagascar eVisa / Visa on arrival[133] 90 days X
 Malawi eVisa / Visa on arrival[134][135] X
 Malaysia Visa not required[136] 3 months
 Maldives Free visa on arrival[137] 30 days[68] X
 Mali Visa required[138]
 Malta Freedom of movement[139]
 Marshall Islands Visa not required[140] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Mauritania Visa on arrival[141] X
 Mauritius Visa not required[142] 90 days
 Mexico Visa not required[143] 180 days
 Micronesia Visa not required[144] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
X
 Moldova Visa not required[145] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Monaco Visa not required[146]
 Mongolia Visa required[147]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Montenegro Visa not required[148] 90 days
  • 90 days within 180 days
  • ID card valid for 30 days
 Morocco Visa not required[149] 3 months X
 Mozambique Visa on arrival[150] 30 days[151] X
 Myanmar eVisa[152] 28 days X
 Namibia Visa not required[153] 3 months
  • 3 months within a calendar year
X
 Nauru Visa required[154]
   Nepal Visa on arrival[155] 90 days
  • Not available at all entry points.[156]
X
 Netherlands Freedom of movement[157]
 New Zealand Electronic Travel Authority[158] 3 months
  • May enter using eGate.[159]
  • International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy must be paid upon requesting an Electronic Travel Authority.[160]
  • Holders of an Australian Permanent Resident Visa or Resident Return Visa may be granted a New Zealand Resident Visa on arrival permitting indefinite stay (pursuant to the Trans-Tasman Travel Arrangement), subject to meeting character requirements and obtaining an Electronic Travel Authority prior to departure.[161] Such travellers are not required to pay the International Visitor Conservation and Tourism Levy.[160]
X
 Nicaragua Visa not required[162] 90 days
 Niger Visa required[163]
 Nigeria Visa required[164]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 North Macedonia Visa not required[165] 90 days
 Norway Freedom of movement[166]
 Oman Visa not required[167] 10 days
  • Visitors must have a confirmed hotel reservation, health insurance and a return ticket[168]
  • Holders of a visa or entrance stamp of the Emirate of Dubai that is valid for at least 21 days are visa exempt.[169]
  • Holders of a visa for Qatar that is valid for travel to Oman and valid for at least one month are visa exempt when arriving directly from Qatar.[170]
X
 Pakistan Online Visa[171]
  • Online Visa eligible.[172]
  • Electronic Travel Authorization to obtain a visa on arrival for business purposes.[173]
X
 Palau Visa not required[174] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Panama Visa not required[175] 180 days
 Papua New Guinea eVisa / Free visa on arrival[176] 60 days X
 Paraguay Visa not required[177] 90 days
 Peru Visa not required[178] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period[179]
 Philippines Visa not required[180] 30 days X
 Poland Freedom of movement[181]
 Portugal Freedom of movement[182]
 Qatar Visa not required[183] 90 days X
 Romania Freedom of movement[184]
 Russia eVisa[185] 16 days
  • e-Visa holders must arrive and departure via 29 checkpoints[186]
X
 Rwanda eVisa / Visa on arrival[187] 30 days X
 Saint Kitts and Nevis Visa not required[188] 3 months
 Saint Lucia Visa not required[189] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
  • ID card valid
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Visa not required[190] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Samoa Visa not required[191] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 San Marino Visa not required[192]
 São Tomé and Príncipe Visa not required[193] 15 days X
 Saudi Arabia eVisa / Visa on arrival[194][195] 90 days X
 Senegal Visa not required[196] 90 days X
 Serbia Visa not required[197] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 6-month period
  • ID card valid
 Seychelles Visa not required[198] 3 months
 Sierra Leone Visa on arrival[199] X
 Singapore Visa not required[200] 90 days
 Slovakia Freedom of movement[201]
 Slovenia Freedom of movement[202]
 Solomon Islands Visa not required[203] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Somalia Visa on arrival[204] X
 South Africa Visa not required[205] 90 days X
 South Sudan Electronic Visa[206]
  • Obtainable online[207]
  • Printed visa authorization must be presented at the time of travel[208]
X
 Spain Freedom of movement[209]
 Sri Lanka eVisa / Visa on arrival[210] 30 days X
 Sudan Visa required[211]
 Suriname E-tourist card[212] 90 days
  • Multiple entry eVisa is also available.[213]
X
 Sweden Freedom of movement[214]
  Switzerland Freedom of movement[215]
 Syria Visa required[216]
 Tajikistan Visa on arrival[217] 45 days X
 Tanzania eVisa / Visa on arrival[219][220] 3 months X
 Thailand Visa not required[221] 30 days
  • Maximum two visits annually if not arriving by air.
X
 Timor-Leste Visa not required[222] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Togo Visa on arrival[223] 7 days X
 Tonga Visa not required[224] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Trinidad and Tobago Visa not required[225] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Tunisia Visa not required[226] 3 months X
 Turkey Visa not required[227] 3 months X
 Turkmenistan Visa required[229]
  • Pre-approved visa can be picked up on arrival.
 Tuvalu Visa not required[230] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 Uganda eVisa / Visa on arrival[231]
  • Determined at the port of entry.
  • May apply online.[232]
X
 Ukraine Visa not required[233] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
 United Arab Emirates Visa not required[234] 90 days
 United Kingdom Visa not required[237] 6 months
 United States Visa Waiver Program[239] 90 days
  • On arrival from overseas; ESTA (valid for 2 years when issued) required if arriving by air or cruise ship.[240]
 Uruguay Visa not required[241] 90 days
 Uzbekistan Visa not required[242][243][244] 30 days X
 Vanuatu Visa not required[245] 90 days
  • 90 days within any 180-day period
  Vatican City Visa not required[246]
 Venezuela Visa not required[247] 90 days
 Vietnam Visa not required[248] 15 days
  • A single entry eVisa valid for 30 days is also available.[249]
X
 Yemen Visa required[250]
 Zambia eVisa / Visa on arrival[251] 90 days
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zimbabwe.
X
 Zimbabwe eVisa / Visa on arrival[252] 3 months
  • Strictly tourism purposes only.
  • Also eligible for a universal visa allowing access to Zambia.
X

Territories, disputed areas or restricted zones

Visa requirements for French citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:

Europe
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 Abkhazia Visa required[253]
Mount Athos Special permit required Special permit required (4 days: 25 euro for Orthodox visitors, 35 euro for non-Orthodox visitors, 18 euro for students). There is a visitors' quota: maximum 100 Orthodox and 10 non-Orthodox per day and women are not allowed.[254][255]
Brest and Grodno Visa not required Visa-free for 10 days[256]
 Republic of Crimea Visa required Visa issued by Russia is required.[257]
 Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Visa not required 3 months[258][259]
UN Buffer Zone in Cyprus Access Permit required[260] Access Permit is required for travelling inside the zone, except Civil Use Areas.
 Faroe Islands Visa not required[261]
 Gibraltar Visa not required[262]
 Guernsey Visa not required[263]
 Isle of Man Visa not required[264]
Jan Mayen Permit required Permit issued by the local police required for staying for less than 24 hours[265] and permit issued by the Norwegian police for staying for more than 24 hours.[266]
 Jersey Visa not required[267]
 Kosovo Visa not required
 Nagorno-Karabakh Republic Visa required[270][271] Travellers with Nagorno-Karabakh visa (expired or valid) or evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (stamps) will be permanently denied entry to Azerbaijan.[272]
 Novorossiya Restricted area Crossing from Ukraine requires visit purpose to be explained to Ukrainian passport control on exit and those who entered from Russia are not allowed to proceed further into Ukraine.[273]
 Russia Special authorization required Several closed cities and regions in Russia require special authorization.[274]
 South Ossetia Visa not required Multiple entry visa to Russia and three-day prior notification are required to enter South Ossetia.[275][276]
 Transnistria Visa not required Registration required after 24h.[277][278]
Africa
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 British Indian Ocean Territory Special permit required Special permit required.[279]
 Eritrea outside Asmara Travel permit required To travel in the rest of the country, a Travel Permit for Foreigners is required (20 Eritrean nakfa).[280]
 Ascension Island eVisa[281][282]
  • 3 months within any year period
 Saint Helena Visitor's Pass required Visitor's Pass granted on arrival valid for 4/10/21/60/90 days for 12/14/16/20/25 pound sterling.[283]
 Tristan da Cunha Permission required Permission to land required for 15/30 pounds sterling (yacht/ship passenger) for Tristan da Cunha Island or 20 pounds sterling for Gough Island, Inaccessible Island or Nightingale Islands.[284]
 Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Undefined visa regime in the Western Sahara controlled territory.
 Somaliland Visa on arrival 30 days for 30 US dollars, payable on arrival.[285][286]
 Sudan Travel permit required All foreigners traveling more than 25 kilometers outside of Khartoum must obtain a travel permit.
Darfur Travel permit required Separate travel permit is required.[287]
Asia
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Hainan Visa required[288] Visa not required for 15 days for traveling as part of a tourist group (5 or more people)[289]
 Hong Kong Visa not required 90 days[290]
 India PAP/RAP PAP/RAP required Protected Area Permit (PAP) required for whole states of Nagaland and Sikkim and parts of states Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttaranchal, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh. Restricted Area Permit (RAP) required for all of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and parts of Sikkim. Some of these requirements are occasionally lifted for a year.[291][292][293][294][295]
 Iraqi Kurdistan Visa on arrival Visa on arrival for 15 days is available at Erbil and Sulaymaniyah airports.[296]
 Kazakhstan Special permission required Special permission required for the town of Baikonur and surrounding areas in Kyzylorda Oblast, and the town of Gvardeyskiy near Almaty.[297]
Kish Island Visa not required Visitors to Kish Island do not require a visa.[298]
 Macao Visa not required 90 days[299]
Sabah and Sarawak Visa not required These states have their own immigration authorities and passport is required to travel to them, however the same visa applies.[300]
Maldives Permission required With the exception of the capital Malé, tourists are generally prohibited from visiting non-resort islands without the express permission of the Government of Maldives.[301]
 North Korea outside Pyongyang Special permit required People are not allowed to leave the capital city, tourists can only leave the capital with a governmental tourist guide (no independent moving)
 Palestinian Territories Visa not required[302] Arrival by sea to Gaza Strip not allowed.[303]
 Taiwan Visa not required 90 days[304]
Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province OIVR permit required OIVR permit required (15+5 Tajikistani Somoni) and another special permit (free of charge) is required for Lake Sarez.[305][306][307]
Tibet Autonomous Region TTP required Tibet Travel Permit required (10 US Dollars).[308][309][310]
 Turkmenistan Special permit required A special permit, issued prior to arrival by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is required if visiting the following places: Atamurat, Cheleken, Dashoguz, Serakhs and Serhetabat.[311]
Korean Demilitarized Zone Restricted zone.
UNDOF Zone and Ghajar Restricted zone.
Phú Quốc Visa not required 30 days[312]
 Yemen Special permission required Special permission needed for travel outside Sana’a or Aden.[313]
Caribbean and North Atlantic
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)f
 Anguilla Visa not required 3 months[314]
 Aruba Visa not required 30 days, extendable to 180 days[315][316]
 Bermuda Visa not required Up to 6 months, decided on arrival.[317]
Bonaire, St. Eustatius and Saba Visa not required 3 months[318][319]
 British Virgin Islands Visa not required 30 days, extensions possible[320]
 Cayman Islands Visa not required 6 months[321]
San Andrés and Leticia Tourist Card on arrival Visitors arriving at Gustavo Rojas Pinilla International Airport and Alfredo Vásquez Cobo International Airport must buy tourist cards on arrival.[322]
 Curacao Visa not required 3 months[323]
 Greenland Visa not required[261]
Margarita Island Visa not required All visitors are fingerprinted.[324]
 Montserrat Visa not required 6 months.[325][326]
 Puerto Rico Visa Waiver Program[327] 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years, ESTA required
 Sint Maarten Visa not required 3 months[328][329]
 Turks and Caicos Islands Visa not required 90 days[330]
 U.S. Virgin Islands Visa Waiver Program[331] 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years, ESTA required
Oceania
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 American Samoa Electronic authorization[332] 30 days
Ashmore and Cartier Islands Special authorisation required Special authorisation required.[333]
Clipperton Island Special permit required Special permit required.[334]
 Cook Islands Visa not required 31 days[335]
Lau Province Special permission required Special permission required.[336]
 Guam Visa Waiver Program[337] 90 days on arrival from overseas for 2 years, ESTA required
 Niue Visa on arrival 30 days[338]
 Pitcairn Islands Visa not required 14 days visa free and landing fee US$35 or tax of US$5 if not going ashore.[339][340][341]
United States Minor Outlying Islands Special permits required Special permits required for Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll and Wake Island.[342][343][344][345][346][347][348]
South America
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
Galápagos Pre-registration required Online pre-registration is required. Transit Control Card must also be obtained at the airport prior to departure.[349]
South Atlantic and Antarctica
Visitor toVisa requirementNotes (excluding departure fees)
 Falkland Islands Visa not required Visa is not required.[350]
 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Permit required Pre-arrival permit from the Commissioner required (72 hours/1 month for 110/160 pounds sterling).[351][352]
Antarctica Special permits required for  British Antarctic Territory,  French Southern and Antarctic Lands,  Argentine Antarctica, Australian Antarctic Territory, Chilean Antarctic Territory, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Peter I Island, Queen Maud Land, Ross Dependency.[353][354][355][356][357][358][359][360][361][362][363][364]

ID card or passports

French ID card carte d'identité is valid for these countries : Due to Freedom of movement in European Union/Schengen area:

  • Austria
  • Belgium
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Cyprus
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • Ireland
  • Italy
  • Latvia
  • Liechtenstein
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Malta
  • Netherlands
  • Norway
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland
  • United Kingdom

Other reasons:

  • Albania
  • Andorra
  • Georgia
  • Monaco
  • North Macedonia
  • San Marino
  • Turkey
  • Vatican City

Non-ordinary passports

Holders of various categories of official French passports have additional visa-free access to the following countries - Algeria (diplomatic passports), Azerbaijan (diplomatic passports), Kazakhstan (diplomatic passports), Mongolia (diplomatic or official passports), Qatar (diplomatic or service passports), Russia (diplomatic passports) and Vietnam (diplomatic passports). Holders of diplomatic or service passports of any country have visa-free access to Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Mali and Zimbabwe.

Right to consular protection in non-EU countries

Diplomatic missions of France

Where there is no French embassy, French citizens, as EU citizens, have the right to get consular protection from the embassy of any other EU country that has a presence.

Non-visa restrictions

Despite what is written below, some countries on a bilateral basis allow French citizens to travel on expired passports. For example, Turkey allows holders of French passports to use passports that expired up to 5 years ago.[228]

Blank passport pages

Many countries require a minimum number of blank pages to be available in the passport being presented, typically one or two pages.[365] Endorsement pages, which often appear after the visa pages, are not counted as being available.

Vaccination

An International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis is required to prove that someone has been vaccinated against yellow fever

Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Uganda, and Zambia, require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination or Prophylaxis, as does the South American territory of French Guiana.[366]

Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area or has visited one recently.[367]

Passport validity length

In the absence of specific bilateral agreements, countries requiring passports to be valid for at least 6 more months on arrival include Afghanistan, Algeria, Anguilla, Bahrain,[368] Bhutan, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Curaçao, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Fiji, Gabon, Guinea Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel,[369] Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Madagascar, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Mongolia, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Oman, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tokelau, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Venezuela, and Vietnam.[370]

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 4 months on arrival include Micronesia and Zambia.

Countries requiring passports valid for at least 3 months on arrival include Albania, Honduras, North Macedonia, Panama, and Senegal.

Countries requiring passports with a validity of at least 3 months beyond the date of intended departure include Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Nauru, Moldova, and New Zealand. Similarly, the EEA countries of Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, all European Union countries (except the Republic of Ireland) together with Switzerland and the United Kingdom also require 3 months validity beyond the date of the bearer's intended departure unless the bearer is an EEA or Swiss national.

Bermuda requires passports to be valid for at least 45 days upon entry.

Countries that require a passport validity of at least one month beyond the date of intended departure include Eritrea, Hong Kong, Lebanon, Macau, the Maldives[371] and South Africa.

Other countries require either a passport valid on arrival or a passport valid throughout the period of the intended stay. Some countries have bilateral agreements with other countries to shorten the period of passport validity required for each other's citizens[372][373] or even accept passports that have already expired (but not been cancelled).[374]

Criminal record

Some countries, including Australia, Canada, Fiji, New Zealand and the United States,[375] routinely deny entry to non-citizens who have a criminal record.

Persona non grata

The government of a country can declare a diplomat persona non grata, banning their entry into that country. In non-diplomatic use, the authorities of a country may also declare a foreigner persona non grata permanently or temporarily, usually because of unlawful activity.[376]

Israeli stamps

Israeli border control Entry Permit (issued as a stand-alone document rather than a stamp affixed in a passport)

Kuwait,[377] Lebanon,[378] Libya,[379] Sudan,[380] Syria,[381] and Yemen[382] do not allow entry to people with passport stamps from Israel or whose passports have either a used or an unused Israeli visa, or where there is evidence of previous travel to Israel such as entry or exit stamps from neighbouring border posts in transit countries such as Jordan and Egypt.

To circumvent this Arab League boycott of Israel, the Israeli immigration services have now mostly ceased to stamp foreign nationals' passports on either entry to or exit from Israel (unless the entry is for some work-related purposes). Since 15 January 2013, Israel no longer stamps foreign passports at Ben Gurion Airport. Passports are still (as of 22 June 2017) stamped at Erez when passing into and out of Gaza.

The Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage claims that having an Israeli stamp does not disqualify someone from visiting Saudi Arabia.[383]

Iran refuses admission to holders of passports containing an Israeli visa or stamp that is less than 12 months old.

Armenian ethnicity

Entry Permit to Nagorno-Karabakh issued in Yerevan as a stand-alone document rather than a visa affixed in a passport

Due to a state of war existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, the government of Azerbaijan not only bars entry of Armenian citizens, but also all citizens and nationals of any other country who are of Armenian descent, into the Republic of Azerbaijan.[384][385]

Azerbaijan also strictly bans any visit by foreign citizens to the separatist region of Nagorno-Karabakh[386] (the de facto independent Republic of Artsakh), its surrounding territories, and the Azerbaijani exclaves of Karki, Yuxarı Əskipara, Barxudarlı, and Sofulu which are de jure part of Azerbaijan but under the control of Armenia, without the prior consent of the government of Azerbaijan. Foreign citizens who enter these territories will be permanently banned from entering the Republic of Azerbaijan[387] and will be included in their "list of personae non gratae".[388] As of 2 September 2019, the list mentioned 852 people.

Upon request, the authorities of the largely unrecognised Republic of Artsakh may attach their visa and/or stamps to a separate piece of paper in order to avoid detection of travel to their territory.

Biometrics

A fingerprint scanner at Dulles International Airport collects biometric data on visitors, which can be used for confirming identities.

Several countries mandate that all travellers, or all foreign travellers, be fingerprinted on arrival and will refuse admission to or even arrest travellers who refuse to comply. In some countries, such as the United States, this may apply even to transit passengers who merely wish to quickly change planes rather than go landside.[389]

Fingerprinting countries include Afghanistan,[390][391] Argentina,[392] Brunei, Cambodia,[393] China,[394] Ethiopia,[395] Ghana, Guinea,[396] India, Japan,[397][398] Kenya (both fingerprints and a photo are taken),[399] Malaysia upon entry and departure,[400] Paraguay, Saudi Arabia,[401] Singapore, South Korea,[402] Taiwan, Thailand,[403] Uganda[404] and the United States.

Many countries also require a photo be taken of people entering the country. The United States, which does not fully implement exit control formalities at its land frontiers (although long mandated by its legislature),[405] [406] [407] intends to implement facial recognition for passengers departing from international airports to identify people who overstay their visa.[408]

Together with fingerprint and face recognition, iris scanning is one of three biometric identification technologies internationally standardised since 2006 by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) for use in e-passports[409] and the United Arab Emirates conducts iris scanning on visitors who need to apply for a visa.[410][411] The United States Department of Homeland Security has announced plans to greatly increase the biometric data it collects at US borders.[412] In 2018, Singapore began trials of iris scanning at three land and maritime immigration checkpoints.[413][414]

See also

Notes and References

Notes
    • Vientiane
    • Savannakhet
    • Khammuan
    • Bokeo
    • Panghok - Taichang (Vietnam)
    • Samliemkham - (Thailand and Myanmar)
    • Nonghaed - Nam kanh (Vietnam)
    • Nam phao - Cau treo (Vietnam)
    • Na pao - Cha lo (Vietnam)
    • Daensavan - Lao bao (Vietnam)
    • Veunkham - Nong nok khian (Cambodia)
    • Vang tao - Chongmek (Thailand)
    • Boten - Bo han (China)
    • Nam ngeun - Huay konl (Thailand)
    • Namheuang - Nakaseng (Thailand)
    • Nam soy - Na meo (Vietnam)
    • Phoukeua - Kontoum (Vietnam)
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