Quingestanol acetate

Quingestanol acetate, sold under the brand names Demovis and Pilomin among others, is a progestin medication which was used in birth control pills but is no longer marketed.[1] It is taken by mouth.[2][3][4]

Quingestanol acetate
Clinical data
Trade namesDemovis, Pilomin, others
Other namesW-4540; Norethisterone acetate 3-cyclopentyl enol ether; 17α-Ethynyl-19-nortestosterone acetate 3-cyclopentyl enol ether; ENTACP; (17β)-3-(Cyclopentyloxy)-17-ethynylestra-3,5-dien-17-yl acetate
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classProgestogen; Progestin; Progestogen ester
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.019.163
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC27H36O3
Molar mass408.582 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)

Quingestanol acetate is a progestin, or a synthetic progestogen, and hence is an agonist of the progesterone receptor, the biological target of progestogens like progesterone.[2][3][4] It has weak androgenic and estrogenic activity and no other important hormonal activity.[2][3][4] The medication is a prodrug of norethisterone in the body, with quingestanol and norethisterone acetate occurring as intermediates.[5][6]

Quingestanol acetate was patented in 1963 and was introduced for medical use in 1972.[7][8] It was marketed in Italy.[8]

Medical uses

Quingestanol acetate was used as an oral, once-a-month, or postcoital hormonal contraceptive.[2][3][4]

Side effects
See also: Norethisterone § Side effects, and Progestin § Side effects

Pharmacology
See also: Norethisterone § Pharmacology

Quingestanol acetate is a progestogen, and also has weak androgenic and estrogenic activity.[2][3][4] It is a prodrug of norethisterone, with both quingestanol and norethisterone acetate serving as intermediates in the transformation.[5][6] Unlike penmesterol (methyltestosterone 3-cyclopentyl enol ether) and quinestrol (ethinylestradiol 3-cyclopentyl ether), quingestanol acetate is not stored in fat and does not have a prolonged duration of action.[2]

Chemistry
See also: List of progestogens, Progestogen ester, and List of progestogen esters

Quingestanol acetate, also known as norethisterone 17β-acetate 3-cyclopentyl enol ether or as 17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone 17β-acetate 3-cyclopentyl enol ether (ENTACP), as well as 3-(cyclopentyloxy)-17α-ethynylestra-3,5-dien-17β-yl acetate, is a synthetic estrane steroid and a derivative of testosterone.[1] It is specifically a derivative of 19-nortestosterone and 17α-ethynyltestosterone, or of norethisterone (17α-ethynyl-19-nortestosterone), in which a cyclopentyl enol ether group has been attached at the C3 position and an acetate ester has been attached at the C17β position.[1] Quingestanol acetate is the C17β acetate ester of quingestanol (norethisterone 3-cyclopentyl enol ether).[1]

History

Quingestanol acetate was patented in 1963[7] and marketed in Italy in 1972.[8][9]

Society and culture

Generic names

Quingestanol acetate is the generic name of the drug and its INN and USAN.[1]

Brand names

Quingestanol acetate was marketed under the brand names Demovis, Pilomin, Riglovis, and Unovis.[1][7]

References
  1. J. Elks (14 November 2014). The Dictionary of Drugs: Chemical Data: Chemical Data, Structures and Bibliographies. Springer. pp. 1058–. ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
  2. Giannina T, Steinetz BG, Rassaert CL, McDougall EA, Meli A (July 1969). "Biological profile of quingestanol acetate". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine (New York, N.Y.). 131 (3): 781–9. doi:10.3181/00379727-131-33977. PMID 5815452. S2CID 12433167.
  3. Mischler TW, Rubio B, Larranaga A, Guiloff E, Moggia AV (March 1974). "Further experience with quingestanol acetate as a postcoital oral contraceptive". Contraception. 9 (3): 221–5. doi:10.1016/0010-7824(74)90013-4. PMID 4613534.
  4. Donde UM, Virkar KD (June 1975). "Biochemical studies with once-a-month contraceptive pill containing quinestrol-quingestanol acetate". Contraception. 11 (6): 681–8. doi:10.1016/0010-7824(75)90065-7. PMID 1137940.
  5. Raynaud JP, Ojasoo T (1986). "The design and use of sex-steroid antagonists". J. Steroid Biochem. 25 (5B): 811–33. doi:10.1016/0022-4731(86)90313-4. PMID 3543501. Similar androgenic potential is inherent to norethisterone and its prodrugs (norethisterone acetate, ethynodiol diacetate, lynestrenol, norethynodrel, quingestanol).
  6. Di Carlo FJ, Loo JC, Aceto T, Zuleski FR, Barr WH (1974). "Quingestanol acetate metabolism in women". Pharmacology. 11 (5): 287–303. doi:10.1159/000136501. PMID 4853997.
  7. Lara Marks (2010). Sexual Chemistry: A History of the Contraceptive Pill. Yale University Press. pp. 73–. ISBN 978-0-300-16791-7.
  8. Population Reports: Oral contraceptives. Department of Medical and Public Affairs, George Washington Univ. Medical Center. 1975. p. A-64.
  9. Janne S. Kowalski (1 August 1988). Drug companies & products world guide. Sittig & Noyes. p. 388.
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